Toolkits for Urban Transport Development - UNEP

Managing Stakeholders
Stakeholder management is important to ensure a long term involvement in planning and
implementation of CMP. The stakeholders identified should be classified according to their attitude
towards sustainable transport initiatives as well as their level of power or influence on the same. Such
an exercise would help in grouping similar stakeholders together. ‘Ecology of actors’ framework used
for mapping and managing the stakeholders is shown in Figure below.
Figure 2.
Ecology of Actors 7 framework for managing stakeholders
This framework classifies stakeholders into four categories depending on their power/ influence levels
and their attitude towards sustainable transport. These four groups are:
a) Partners: High on influence/power and positive attitude;
b) Fans/ weak partners: Low on Influence and positive attitude;
c) Opponents: High on power/ influence and negative attitude;
d) Outsiders/ weak opponents: Low on power/Influence and negative attitude.
Stakeholders who fall under the opponents’ category are the most important obstacles. The priority
should be given to make these stakeholders, partners to the issue. If this is not possible, efforts should
7 Source: Lake Sagaris’s Presentation: “Inclusive planning for GOOD, JUST, LIVEABLE cities”, March 2012
(Tom Godefrooij, I-CE/Brabant planners, The Netherlands)
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