Toolkits for Urban Transport Development - UNEP
Toolkits for Urban Transport Development - UNEP
Toolkits for Urban Transport Development - UNEP
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While cities have little role in <strong>for</strong>mulating fuel mix policy, they are heavily impacted by any changes.<br />
To understand these transitions, it is important to refer to national studies that document these<br />
transitions 28 .<br />
Plans <strong>for</strong> improvements in the future should take into account vehicle efficiency. The aggregate fuel<br />
efficiency is expected to improve in the BAU, improvement is much in a fuel economy scenario<br />
where India achieves the 4 lit per 100 km global target in 2050 (Figure 5).<br />
Figure 5.<br />
Fuel Economy Improvement in Cars<br />
Electricity<br />
Electricity is expected to play an increasing role in the future (Figure 4) of transport in cities, due to<br />
the introduction of metros, the electrification of rail tracks and a wider diffusion of electric vehicles<br />
(including two wheelers, cars and buses). In many cases, electricity is supplied to cities from outside<br />
municipal boundaries, freeing the cities from local pollutants (SO2, NOx, particulates, etc.). However,<br />
cities are obliged to account <strong>for</strong> CO 2 emissions as per the scope 2 emission guidelines from the IPCC.<br />
The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) 28 shows the grid emission electricity intensity that is<br />
compatible with UNFCCC requirements <strong>for</strong> the base year (latest available 2011). The future grid<br />
emission intensity is expected to improve in the BAU (See Figure 6).<br />
28 CEA CO 2 Database , Available at http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/planning/cdm_co2/user_guide_ver8.pdf.<br />
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