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Glossary AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ATS Amphetamine-Type Stimulant BRQ Biennial Report Questionnaire CSO Civil Society Organisation HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus IDU Injecting Drug Use IEC Information, Education and Communication NGO Non-Governmental Organisation STI/STD Sexually Transmitted Infection/Sexually Transmitted Disease UN United Nations UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS UNDCP United Nations International Drug Control Programme UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNGASS United Nations General Assembly Special Session UNODCCP United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention WHO World Health Organisation VII
Executive Summary VIII The adoption of the 1998 United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) Political Declaration reflected a commitment by Member States to design and implement domestic strategies and programmes to significantly and measurably reduce both the supply and demand of drugs by the year 2008. Reducing the demand for drugs is now recognised as an essential pillar in the stepped-up global effort to combat drug abuse and trafficking. This report provides suggestions for more effective practice in the field of drug abuse prevention based on the lessons learned from practical experience of others. It is designed for policy makers, planners and practitioners who have responsibilities in the area of drug abuse prevention. The causes of drug abuse in any population are manifold and complex. The health and social consequences of drug abuse cause global concern, as they affect not only the individual who abuses, but also his/her family and friends as well as the wider community and society. Prevention and health promotion are therefore important and valuable demand reduction approaches that aim to address the drug abuse issue before it becomes problematic. This is more cost-effective, and benefits not only individuals, but society as a whole in helping to achieve positive health behaviours and lifestyles free from drug abuse. Developing appropriate policies that respond to the drug situation in a country through focusing on drug abuse prevention as part of demand reduction gives guidance and structure to efforts in this field. Currently, approximately 84% of Governments responding to a UNDCP questionnaire indicate that they have adopted a national drug strategy or plan. The remaining 16% either do not have a national drug strategy or action plan, or are in the process of elaborating one. In several countries, ongoing action plans and strategies are being adjusted to include the goals and approaches adopted at the 1998 UNGASS. In recent years there has been an increased move to develop prevention programmes and approaches that are evidence-based. Prevention programmes are more likely to be successful if they combine the results of scientific research combined with practical applicability and the lessons learned from the 'real world business' of doing drug abuse prevention work. Practitioners can offer important practical advice on implementing and sustaining programmes based on experience. Key lessons learned in drug abuse prevention are presented in this report from 15 case studies selected from around the world. The case studies draw on projects that either function at a local, national or international level. Given that these lessons are key indicators of what needs to be considered when planning or implementing drug abuse prevention projects or programmes, these lessons are summarised here: ● Project Design and Preparation: Understanding and involving the beneficiaries in the planning phase, designing the project to meet specific needs, focusing on longterm rather than short-term approaches and ensuring the project is complementary to other projects, is recommended. When adapting materials or models, translating them linguistically and culturally to suit the local environment is crucial. ● Project Management: Objectives and expectations of all stakeholders involved in the programme should be clear before project implementation. Committed and wellqualified staff are needed, and should be supported, and all activities monitored regularly. Evaluative procedures need be integrated into each programme activity. ● Partnerships and Networks: Co-operation and partnerships with local government, NGOs and the community allows an exchange of information and experience, and leads to the development of a common strategy and the pooling of resources. ● Use of Existing Resources: The community, organisations, schools, parents and youth are all valuable resources to be considered when designing and implementing a drug abuse prevention programme. ● Approaches: Information and awareness raising, mentoring, psychosocial work, peer
Page 1 and 2: ODCCP Studies on Drugs and Crime MO
Page 3 and 4: This document has been prepared by
Page 5 and 6: Foreward It gives me great pleasure
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgements: IV This report wa
Page 9: Margareta Nilson Head of Department
Page 13 and 14: 1. Introduction 1.1 Background The
Page 15 and 16: INTRODUCTION 1.2 Aims and objective
Page 17 and 18: INTRODUCTION The BRQ is a global in
Page 19 and 20: INTRODUCTION ● Response rate: The
Page 21 and 22: 2. A case for drug abuse prevention
Page 23 and 24: According to UNAIDS, in June 2000 t
Page 25 and 26: Traditionally, drug abuse preventio
Page 27 and 28: OVERVIEW 3. Overview of drug abuse
Page 29 and 30: OVERVIEW About half of all Governme
Page 31 and 32: OVERVIEW Life skills development Li
Page 33 and 34: OVERVIEW demand reduction work cons
Page 35 and 36: 4. Lessons learned in drug abuse pr
Page 37 and 38: Aims: To prevent children and youth
Page 39 and 40: LOCAL ● Partnerships with local G
Page 41 and 42: of crimes committed by children and
Page 43 and 44: LOCAL ● Focusing on high-risk ind
Page 45 and 46: LOCAL Aims: ● To improve safety o
Page 47 and 48: LOCAL Lessons Learned: ● Crucial
Page 49 and 50: LOCAL ● Selecting and training ap
Page 51 and 52: LOCAL and economic determinants of
Page 53 and 54: Aims: To mobilise youths for the pr
Page 55 and 56: LOCAL ● A project should not comm
Page 57 and 58: LOCAL Aims: To prevent, reduce or d
Page 59 and 60: LOCAL Lessons Learned: ● Training
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LOCAL ● Collaboration with other
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LOCAL Aims: To prevent drug abuse i
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LOCAL ● School conditions can pro
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NATIONAL It is clear from these fin
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NATIONAL ● Sensitising the teachi
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NATIONAL Aims: To prevent drug abus
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NATIONAL ● Implementing a strateg
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NATIONAL Main activities: ● Worki
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NATIONAL Substance Use Training Man
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NATIONAL ● Applying the training
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NATIONAL Youth Connection REGION: N
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NATIONAL 100 youth workers have bee
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NATIONAL the abuse of illicit drugs
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NATIONAL ● The public political a
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INTERNATIONAL There are currently e
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INTERNATIONAL ● Creation of commu
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INTERNATIONAL Mobilisation of NGOs
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INTERNATIONAL Aims: To obtain withi
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INTERNATIONAL ● Networking pools
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RECOMMENDATIONS THE RECOMMENDATION:
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given that these entities in many i
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DEFINITIONS Drug Abuse/Use In the c
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DEFINITIONS ● Universal Preventio
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