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Conder, J. M. and Lanno, R. P. 2000. Evaluation of Surrogate Measures of Cadmium, Lead, and Zinc Bioavailability to Eisenia fetida. Chemosphere 41, 1659-1668 Dang, Y. P., Chhabra, R., and Verma, K. S. 1990. Effect of Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn on Growth and Chemical Composition of Onion and Fenugreek. Commun.Soil Sci.Plant Anal. 21[9/10], 717-735 Davis, J. B. and Barnes, R. L. 1973. Effects of Soil-Applied Fluoride and Lead on Growth of Loblolly Pine and Red Maple. Environ.Pollut. 5, 35-44 Dixon, R. K. 1988. Response of Ectomycorrhizal Quercus rubra to Soil Cadmium, Nickel and Lead. Soil Biol Biochem 20[4], 555-559 Donkin, S. G. and Dusenbery, D. B. 1994. Using the Caenorhabditis elegans Soil Toxicity Test to Identify Factors Affecting Toxicity to Identify Factors Affecting Toxicity of Four Metal Ions in Intact Soil. Water Air Soil Pollut. 78, 359-373 Gaweda, M. 1991. The uptake of lead by spinach spinacia-oleracea l. And radish raphanus-raphanistrumsubvar-radicula pers. As affected by organic matter in soil. Acta Physiol.Plant. 13[3], 167-174 Gaweda, Maria and Capecka, Ewa. 1995. Effect of substrate ph on the accumulation of lead in radish (Raphanus sativus l. Subvar. Radicula) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea l.). Acta Physiol.Plant. 17[4], 333-340 Hassett, J. J., Miller, J. E., and Koeppe, D. E. 1976. Interaction of Lead and Cadmium on Maize Root Growth and Uptake of Lead and Cadmium by Roots. Environ.Pollut. 11, 297-302 Kadar, I. and Morvai, B. 1998. Effect of Micropollutants on Soil and Crop on Calcareous Sandy Soil. Agrokem.Talajtan 47[1-4], 207-214 Kennedy G.L. et al. 1975. Food Cosmet Toxicol 13: 629-32 (1975) as cited in U.S. Dept Health & Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry; Toxicological Profile for Lead (Update) p.94 (1993) ATSDR/TP-92/12. Marques Dos Santos, C., Neto, M. M. P., and DeVarennes, A. 1993. Some Effects of Different Levels of Lead on Berseem. In: M.A.C.Fragoso and M.L.vanBeuxichen, (Eds.), Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, Optimization of Plant Nutrition , 517-521 Neuhauser, E. F., Loehr, R. C., and Malecki, M. R. 1985. Contact and Artificial Soil Tests Using Earthworms to Evaluate the Impact of Wastes in Soil. In: J.K.Petros,Jr., W.J.Lacy, and R.A.Conway (Eds.), Hazardous and Industiral Solid Waste Testing: 4th Symposium, ASTM STP 886, Philadelphia, PA 886, 192-203 Neuhauser, E. F., Loehr, R. C., Milligan, D. L., and Malecki, M. R. 1985. Toxicity of Metals to the Earthworm Eisenia fetida. Biol.Fertil.Soils 1[3], 149-152 Patel, P. M., Wallace, A., and Romney, E. M. 1977. Effect of Chelating Agents on Phytotoxicity of Lead and Lead Transport. Comm.Soil Sci.Plant Anal. 8[9], 733-740 Peredney, C. L. and Williams, P. L. 2000. Utility of Caenorhabditis elegans for Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination in Artificial Soil. Arch.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. 39[1], 113-118 Peredney, C. L. and Williams, P. L. 2000. Comparison of the Toxicological Effects of Nitrate Versus Chloride Metallic Salts on Caenorhabditis elegans in Soil. In: F.T.Price, K.V.Brix, and N.K.Lane (Eds.), Recent Achievements in Environmental Fate and Transport, 9th Volume, ASTM STP 1381, West Conshohocken, PA , 256-268 Sandifer, R. D. and Hopkin, S. P. 1997. Effects of Temperature on the Relative Toxicities of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn to Eco-SSL for Lead 21 March 2005
Folsomia candida (Collembola). Ecotoxicol.Environ.Saf. 37, 125-130 Sandifer, R. D. and Hopkin, S. P. 1996. Effects Of Ph On The Toxicity Of Cadmium, Copper, Lead And Zinc To Folsomia Candida Willem, 1902 (Collembola) In A Standard Laboratory Test System. Chemosphere 33[12], 2475-2486 Singh, B. R. and Jeng, A. S. 1993. Uptake of Zinc, Cadmium, Mercury, Lead, Chromium and Nickel by Ryegrass Grown in a Sandy Soil. Norw.J.Agric.Sci. 7[2], 147-157 Spurgeon, D. J. and Hopkin, S. P. 1995. Extrapolation of the Laboratory-Based OECD Earthworm Toxicity Test to Metal Contaminated Field Sites. Ecotoxicology 4[3], 190-205 Spurgeon, D. J., Hopkin, S. P., and Jones, D. T. 1994. Effects of Cadmium, Copper, Lead and Zinc on Growth, Reproduction and Survival of the Earthworm Eisenia Fetida (Savigny): Assessing the Environmental Impact of Point-Source Metal Contamination in Terrestrial Ecosystems. Environ.Pollut. 84[2], 123-130 Taylor, R. W. 1974. Presence and Influence of Certain Heavy Metals on the Yield and Utilitzation of Medicago sativa L. M.S.Thesis, Univ.of Connecticut, Storrs, CN , -113 p. Taylor, R. W. and D. W. Allinson. 1981. Influence of Lead, Cadmium and Nickel on the Growth of Medicago sativa (L.). Plant Soil 60, 223-236 Xiong, Z. T. 1997. Bioaccumulation and Physiological Effects of Excess Lead in a Roadside Pioneer Species Sonchus oleraceus L. Environ.Pollut. 97[3], 275-279 Zaman, M. S. and Zereen, F. 1998. Growth Responses of Radish Plants to Soil Cadmium and Lead Contamination. Bull.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. 61[1], 44-50 Zheng, C. and Chen, H. 1996. Interaction of Pb and Cd in Soil-Water-Plant System and Its Mechanism. I. Pb-Cd Interaction in Red Soil-Plant System. Pedosphere 6[1], 63-72 IP 13139 - Chur*g and Huaiman, 1996 7.3 References Rejected for Use in Deriving Plant and Soil Invertebrate Eco-SSLs These references were reviewed and rejected for use in derivation of the Eco-SSL. The definition of the codes describing the basis for rejection is provided at the end of the reference sections. Score Aery, N. C. and Jagetiya, B. L. 1997. Relative Toxicity of Cadmium, Lead and Zinc on Barley. Commun.Soil Sci.Plant Anal. 28[11/12], 949-960 Score Baumhardt, G. R. and Welch, L. F. 1972. Lead Uptake and Corn Growth with Soil-Applied Lead. J.Environ.Qual. 1[1], 92-94 Score Bengtsson, G., Gunnarsson, T., and Rundgen, S. 1986. Effects of Metals Pollution on the Earthworm Dendrobaena rubida (Sav.) in Acidified Soils. Water Air Soil Pollut. 28, 361-383 No Dose Berg, M. H. 1970. Lead Absorption from Soil into Legumes. J Minn Acad Sci 36[2-3], 96 Media Bersenyi, A., Fekete, S., Hullar, I., Kadar, I., Szilagyi, M., Glavits, R., Kulcsar, M., Mezes, M., and Zoldag, L. 1999. Study of the Soil-Plant (Carrot)-Animal Cycle of Nutritive and Hazardous Minerals in a Rabbit Model. Acta Vet.Hung. 47[2], 181-190 FL Bertels, C., Ruether, P., Kahle, H., and Breckle, S. W. 1989. Root System Growth of Beech Eco-SSL for Lead 22 March 2005
Page 1 and 2: Ecological Soil Screening Levels fo
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION
Page 5 and 6: 1.0 INTRODUCTION Ecological Soil Sc
Page 7 and 8: Lead can interfere with the synthes
Page 9 and 10: Table 3.1 Plant Toxicity Data - Lea
Page 11 and 12: Result # Table 5.1 Avian Toxicity D
Page 13 and 14: Within the reviewed papers, there a
Page 15 and 16: 6.0 ECO-SSL FOR MAMMALIAN WILDLIFE
Page 17 and 18: Result # Table 6.1 Mammalian Toxici
Page 23 and 24: Surrogate Receptor Group Mammalian
Page 25: 7.0 REFERENCES 7.1 General Lead Ref
Page 29 and 30: Accumulation of Lead (Pb) by Maize
Page 31 and 32: Assessment of Heavy Metal Toxicity
Page 33 and 34: Mix Descamps, M., Fabre, M. C., Gre
Page 35 and 36: Yoram, and Huang, Jianwei. 1997. Hy
Page 37 and 38: Und Einem Aquatischen Oekosystem. (
Page 39 and 40: No Dur Hopkin, S. P. and Martin, M.
Page 41 and 42: Contaminated by Lead and Zinc. Envi
Page 43 and 44: No Toxicant Kort, H. S., Schober, G
Page 45 and 46: Media Lee, K. C., Cunningham, B. A.
Page 47 and 48: Treated with Lead Arsenate. J Econ
Page 49 and 50: Mix Nakos, G. 1979. Lead Pollution:
Page 51 and 52: metal-contaminated alluvial soil. J
Page 53 and 54: and Lead Solutions. J.Environ.Sci.H
Page 55 and 56: Activity and Nitrate Assimilation i
Page 57 and 58: Fiziol.Rast.(Sofia) 14[3], 3-8 Rev
Page 59 and 60: Mix Weltje, L. 1998. Mixture Toxici
Page 61 and 62: 7.4 References Used in Deriving Wil
Page 63 and 64: Clayton, LB, Kitchen, I, and Winder
Page 65 and 66: Escribano, A., Revilla, M., Hernand
Page 67 and 68: Hasan, F., Cookman, G. R., Keane, G
Page 69 and 70: Kendall, RJ and Scanlon, PF. 1982.
Page 71 and 72: Mcmurry, S. T., Lochmiller, R. L.,
Page 73 and 74: Prasada Rao, P. V. V. , Jordan, S.
Page 75 and 76: Sokol, R. Z. 1987. Hormonal Effects
Page 77 and 78:
Yu, S. Y., Mizinga, K. M., Nonavina
Page 79 and 80:
No Oral Letter from smelter environ
Page 81 and 82:
No Control Allcroft, R. 1950. Lead
Page 83 and 84:
Org Met Annau, Z. 1988. Organometal
Page 85 and 86:
Phys Bailey, C. and Kitchen, I. 198
Page 87 and 88:
Science. 50(4): 572-580. Fate Bebe,
Page 89 and 90:
Surv Beyer, W. N., Day, D., Morton,
Page 91 and 92:
Mix Bishop, Christine A., Boermans,
Page 93 and 94:
permanent hippocampal damage in Fis
Page 95 and 96:
FL Bukovjan, K., Hallmannova, A., K
Page 97 and 98:
Bio Acc Burger, J. , Rodgers, J. A.
Page 99 and 100:
with heavy metals on the mineral co
Page 101 and 102:
No Oral Chowdhury, A. R. and Ravell
Page 103 and 104:
Bio Acc Collins, MF, Hrdina, PD, Wh
Page 105 and 106:
Mix Cory Slechta, D. A., Pokora, M.
Page 107 and 108:
chemical Agents. J Obstet Gynaecol
Page 109 and 110:
25-39 Imm Descotes, J. R. Tedone, a
Page 111 and 112:
Bact Dolinsky, Z. S., Burright, R.
Page 113 and 114:
FL Dumas, P., Gueldry, D., Loireau,
Page 115 and 116:
Mix Elgerwi, A. Al-Fateh and Bires,
Page 117 and 118:
Stain Figueiredo, B. C., Skup, M.,
Page 119 and 120:
No Dose Fowler, B. A., Kimmel, C. A
Page 121 and 122:
Mix Fullmer, C. S. 1995. Dietary ca
Page 123 and 124:
Surv Getz, L. L., Best, L. B., and
Page 125 and 126:
Fate Govoni, S., Memo, M., Spano, P
Page 127 and 128:
Surv Guitart, R., To Figueras, J.,
Page 129 and 130:
Abstract Hanna, L., Peters, J. M.,
Page 131 and 132:
HHE Hemberg, S., Nikkanen, J, Melli
Page 133 and 134:
Surv Hillis, T. L. and Parker, G. H
Page 135 and 136:
Pb Behav Hong, J. S., Tilson, H. A.
Page 137 and 138:
FL Inouye, M. 1989. Teratology of h
Page 139 and 140:
HHE Janghorbani, M. and Young, V. R
Page 141 and 142:
Bio Acc Kaiser, T. E., Reichel, W.
Page 143 and 144:
Lead Shot Kendall, R. J. and Scanlo
Page 145 and 146:
Drug Kitchen, I. and McDowell, J. 1
Page 147 and 148:
Unrel Kopp, S. J., Glonek, T., Erla
Page 149 and 150:
Abstract Krigman, MR, Butts, SA, Ho
Page 151 and 152:
No Dose Lazareno, S and Nahorski, S
Page 153 and 154:
Prim Levin, E. D., Schneider, M. L.
Page 155 and 156:
Lead Shot Longcore, J. R., Locke, L
Page 157 and 158:
Surv Maedgen, J. L, Hacker, C. S.,
Page 159 and 160:
No Dose Massaro, E. J. and Massaro,
Page 161 and 162:
No Oral McGowan, C. 1989. Influence
Page 163 and 164:
CP Michaelson, I. A., Greenland, R.
Page 165 and 166:
Lead Shot Moore, J. L., Hohman, W.
Page 167 and 168:
No Dose Munoz, C., Garbe, K., Lilie
Page 169 and 170:
Drug Nation, J. R., Dugger, L. M.,
Page 171 and 172:
cutanee induite par le laurylsulfat
Page 173 and 174:
Surv Ohlendorf, Harry M., Hothem, R
Page 175 and 176:
Surv Pain, D. J. 1989. Hematologica
Page 177 and 178:
Surv Peles, J. D. and Barrett, G. W
Page 179 and 180:
No COC Plus, R. 1992. A review of i
Page 181 and 182:
CP Rasile, D. A., Donovick, P. J.,
Page 183 and 184:
Prim Rice, D. C. 1984. Behavioral D
Page 185 and 186:
Aquatic Roper, J. M., Cherry, D. S.
Page 187 and 188:
Lead Shot Sanderson, G. C., Anderso
Page 189 and 190:
Unrel Schoemaker, N. J., Lumeij, J.
Page 191 and 192:
Bio Acc Sharma, Rp, Street, Jc, Shu
Page 193 and 194:
Challenge, and Influence of Treatme
Page 195 and 196:
Diss Spahn, S. A. 1997. Colonial Wa
Page 197 and 198:
Surv Stendell, R. C., Smith, R. I.,
Page 199 and 200:
No Oral Sundstrom, R., Conradi, N.
Page 201 and 202:
Mix Thawley, D. G., Willoughby, R.
Page 203 and 204:
Bio Acc Tsuzuki, Toshihumi, Kotani,
Page 205 and 206:
No Dose Varma, M. M., Joshi, S. R.,
Page 207 and 208:
FL Vogt, H. and Nezel, K. 1976. The
Page 209 and 210:
Lead Shot Wayland, M. and Bollinger
Page 211 and 212:
Species Williams, Phillip L. and Du
Page 213 and 214:
CP Woolley, D. E. and Woolley-efige
Page 215 and 216:
Surv Zechalko, A. 1979. Effect of N
Page 217 and 218:
Rejection Criteria Literature Rejec
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Appendix 5-1 Avian Toxicity Data Ex
Page 225 and 226:
Result # Ref N. Chemical Form MW% T
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Result # Ref N. Chemical Form MW% T
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Result # Ref N. Chemical Form MW% A
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