Volume 4 No 1 - Journal for the Study of Antisemitism
Volume 4 No 1 - Journal for the Study of Antisemitism
Volume 4 No 1 - Journal for the Study of Antisemitism
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244 JOURNAL FOR THE STUDY OF ANTISEMITISM [ VOL. 4:237<br />
Gibson and Desmond Tutu, or Vanessa Redgrave and Pat Buchanan. It is<br />
true that Judeophobia does not roll <strong>of</strong>f <strong>the</strong> tongue as easily or pack <strong>the</strong> same<br />
rhetorical punch as <strong>the</strong> more familiar antisemitism. As an analytical tool,<br />
however, it is more precise than <strong>the</strong> phrase new antisemitism. There is nothing<br />
new about <strong>the</strong> monomaniacal singling out <strong>of</strong> Israel <strong>for</strong> denunciation by<br />
international bodies (<strong>the</strong> UN, Human Rights Watch) and <strong>the</strong> left-wing press<br />
(The Guardian, Le Monde diplomatique), or about <strong>the</strong> outright denial to<br />
Jews <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> universal right to national self-determination by self-pr<strong>of</strong>essed<br />
Western anti-Zionists. These practices are best understood not as qualitatively<br />
new but as <strong>the</strong> most recent manifestations in a long historical series<br />
<strong>of</strong> such discriminative Judeophobic practices. There is no novelty whatsoever<br />
in Britain’s present-day leftist demagogues like George Galloway or<br />
Ken Livingstone, who are able to translate Jew-hatred, thinly veiled as anti-<br />
Zionism, into <strong>the</strong> same vote-winning political <strong>for</strong>mula as <strong>the</strong>ir right-wing<br />
predecessors Adolf Stoecker and Karl Lueger, who invented that <strong>for</strong>mula<br />
over a century ago, riding to electoral success in fin-de-siècle Germany and<br />
Austria on <strong>the</strong> wave <strong>of</strong> Judeophobia in <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>n shiny new guise <strong>of</strong><br />
antisemitism.<br />
These methodological considerations explain <strong>the</strong> course’s chronological<br />
framework, which, as far as <strong>the</strong> modeling <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Jewish O<strong>the</strong>r is concerned,<br />
does not go beyond The Protocols <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Elders <strong>of</strong> Zion and Otto<br />
Weininger’s Sex and Character—that is, <strong>the</strong> first decade <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> twentieth<br />
century, when Europe’s imaginary Jews received <strong>the</strong>ir last conceptually<br />
important updates. All that comes afterward are variations at <strong>the</strong> crossroads<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Protocols’ conspiracy <strong>the</strong>ories and Weininger’s racial metaphysics,<br />
with <strong>the</strong> politically expedient passing <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> baton from <strong>the</strong> right to <strong>the</strong> left<br />
and back: from Henry Ford’s and Alfred Rosenberg’s “International Jew”<br />
to Joseph Stalin’s “Rootless Cosmopolitan”; and from <strong>the</strong> neo-conservative<br />
Jewish cabal haunting Berkeley’s left-wing radicals (on <strong>the</strong> facing page is a<br />
poster I collected, in 2006, in The People’s Park) to Stephen Walt’s and<br />
John Mearsheimer’s Israel Lobby.<br />
Thus, ra<strong>the</strong>r than spend any more <strong>of</strong> precious class time on <strong>the</strong><br />
depressingly predictable modern permutations <strong>of</strong> anti-Judaism, Judeophobia/Judeophilia,<br />
and antisemitism, I prefer to leave this subject as an<br />
option <strong>for</strong> individual research projects. About half <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> students in each<br />
class indeed prefer to go outside <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> course’s chronological framework<br />
and material, focusing on a broad range <strong>of</strong> more recent topics and sources—<br />
from Soviet anti-Zionist propaganda to Jewish representation in <strong>No</strong>rth<br />
American cinema; to <strong>the</strong> impact <strong>of</strong> Christianity’s Jewish O<strong>the</strong>r on Israeli art<br />
and thought; and to <strong>the</strong> European imaginative roots <strong>of</strong> Muslim anti-Zionist<br />
rhetoric. For my pedagogical purposes, <strong>the</strong> choice <strong>of</strong> individual topics is not<br />
as important as <strong>the</strong> evidence that <strong>the</strong> students leave <strong>the</strong> course equipped