Vol 44 # 2 June 2012 - Kma.org.kw

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Is Medical Education Really Stressful? A Prospective Study in Selcuk University, Turkey
June 2012
Table 4: The mean anxiety and depression scores of students in A2 related to education-related questions and recent life events
Quiestions
Any important problem in the past 6 months?
Yes
No
If yes; what was the problem?
Don’t want to say
Personal problems
Problems about intimates
Problems about school
Any suicide idea?
Yes
No
Sometimes
If yes; The time of the suicidal idea
Don’t want to say
Last one year
More than one year before
If yes; The reason of suicidal idea
Don’t want to say
Own problems
School problems
Pleased with the career selection?
Always
Generally
Sometimes
Never
Any idea of abandon?
Yes
No
Sometimes
If yes or sometimes; Reason for abandon
Don’t want to say
Individual factors
External factors
Institutional factors
Predilection
Again medical career
Never medical career
Double minded
2008-2009 (A2)
N % Mean Scores Anxiety p Mean Scores Depression
0.00
0.00
45 45.9 10.15 ± 4.26
8.28 ± 4.07
53 54.1 7.05 ± 3.74
5.28 ± 3.66
17
6
6
15
6
88
4
2
3
5
3
4
3
26
40
25
7
19
56
23
9
22
1
12
70
7
21
37.8
13.3
13.3
35.6
6.1
89.8
4.1
20.0
30.0
50.0
30.0
40.0
30.0
26.5
40.8
25.5
7.1
19.4
57.1
23.5
20.5
50.0
2.3
27.3
71.4
7.1
21.4
10.29 ± 4.19
10.50 ± 4.23
10.66 ± 4.13
9.68 ± 4.74
12.66 ± 4.58
8.14 ± 4.12
9.50 ± 4.35
11.00 ± 1.41
8.66 ± 4.93
13.20 ± 4.91
11.33 ± 5.13
11.00 ± 6.16
12.00 ± 3.00
7.26 ± 3.00
8.15 ± 4.80
9.92 ± 4.25
9.71 ± 4.11
11.63 ± 4.01
7.67 ± 4.00
7.82 ± 4.01
9.22 ± 2.90
10.45 ± 4.23
12.00 ± 0.00
7.91 ± 5.17
8.38 ± 4.49
11.71 ± 4.68
7.71 ± 2.77
0.95
0.03
0.44
0.96
0.12
0.00
0.39
0.09
8.64 ± 4.10
10.16 ± 2.78
6.50 ± 3.72
7.87 ± 4.51
10.66 ± 6.15
6.28 ± 3.81
9.00 ± 4.54
8.50 ± 2.12
8.66 ± 5.50
11.40 ± 6.58
7.33 ± 3.51
11.75 ± 7.63
10.33 ± 3.51
4.15 ± 3.56
6.82 ± 3.73
8.24 ± 3.33
9.42 ± 6.29
8.15 ± 4.66
5.94 ± 3.64
7.17 ± 4.50
7.33 ± 2.64
8.22 ± 5.15
8.00 ± 0.00
6.66 ± 4.43
5.71 ± 3.57
10.85 ± 6.06
8.42 ± 3.81
0.47
0.02
0.75
0.61
0.00
0.10
0.81
0.00
3. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS);
a self reported scale for anxiety and depression
levels of medical students [20]
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
This scale consists of 14 items, seven for anxiety and
seven for depression. Each item was rated on a scale
from 0 to 3 [20] . It was found to perform well in assessing
anxiety disorders and depression in both somatic,
psychiatric situations and primary care patients and
general population [21] . Validity and reliability of the
Turkish version of the scale had been made and the
cut-off levels were determined as seven for depression
and 10 for anxiety in Turks [22] . Psychological status of
students was assessed via the cut-off levels according
to scale separately for anxiety and depression. But it
should be known that the HADS is a screening measure
and can only be used to estimate a likely prevalence of
anxiety and depression and cannot be used to establish
a firm diagnosis.
Statistical analyses
All analyses were performed with SPSS 13.0
software. Descriptive statistics were given in terms
of counts and percentages, respectively. We used
frequency tables to calculate the prevalence rates
of demographic variables. Student’s t-test and oneway
ANOVA for parametric variables and chi-square
and Kruskal–Wallis for non-parametric variables
were established. All tests were two tailed and the
significance level used was a p value < 0.05.
RESULTS
Data in this study were obtained from 164 new
entrant medical students in a three year follow up.
Out of the 164 new registered students, 139 (84.7%)
participated in the first assessment (A1, in 2008) [14] .
One year later in the second assessment (A2) eight
failed students were eliminated and 98 students
(62.8%) were evaluated. In the third assessment
(A3) 101 students (64.7%) fulfilled the questionnaire.