Vol 44 # 2 June 2012 - Kma.org.kw

June 2012
KUWAIT MEDICAL JOURNAL 126
showed no decrease in erythrocyte and hemoglobin
values during the luteal phase [15] . Hunt and Penland [16]
found that during the follicular phase, 4% of the
women had reduced hemoglobin and 20% had
decreased ferritin levels. Blood glucose consumption
and carbohydrate oxidation have been shown to be
reduced during the early luteal (EL) phase compared
with the follicular phase [17] . Varying results have been
obtained about the changes in hematologic parameters
prior to menstruation (e.g., during the luteal phase)
and after the menstruation (e.g., during the follicular
phase), and those changes are attributed particularly
to the influence of hormones such as estrogen and
progesterone [18] . Determining the relationship between
hematologic parameters and PMS may contribute to
alleviation of the related symptoms. We conducted
this study in order to evaluate the association between
PMS and hematologic parameters during EF phase
and late luteal (LL) phase.
SUBJECTS AND METHOD
Approval of the local ethics committee was
taken prior to the beginning of the study. One
hundred and eighteen healthy female volunteer
students participated. The data were collected by
questionnaires and PMS status was evaluated by the
Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS) developed by
Gencdogan in 2006 [19] . PMSS is a five-point (never: 1
point; rarely: 2 points; sometimes: 3 points; very often:
4 points; always: 5 points) Likert-type scale including
44 items and nine subdimensions. (Appendix 1).
PMSS score above 110 points suggests the presence
of PMS. There are nine subdimensions of this scale:
depressive feeling, anxiety, fatigue, irritability,
depressive thoughts, pain, changes in appetite,
changes in sleeping habits, and swelling. Cronbach’s
alpha coefficient is calculated as 0.959 for reliability
of PMSS; for subscales the factor alpha ranged from
0.933 and 0.991. We measured fasting blood glucose,
Table 1: Descriptive statistics of the hematologic parameters during the early follicular (EF) and late luteal (LL) phases
Hematologic Parameters Mean Standard deviation Paired t-test p-value
Fasting blood glucose (70 - 110 mg/dl)
Serum Ferritin (11 - 306 ng/ml)
Serum Iron (60 - 180 ug/dl)
TIBC (245 - 450 ug/dl)
Leukocyte (4.5 - 10.3 103/mm3)
Neutrophil (50 - 70)
Lymphocyte (20 - 44)
Monocyte(5.1 - 9%)
Eozinofil (Eosinophil) (0.9 - 4%)
Basofil (Basophil) (0.3 - 1.5%)
Erythrocyte (4.38 - 5.77 106/μl)
Hemoglobin (13.6 - 17.2 g/dl)
Hematocrit (39.5 - 50.3%)
Thrombocyte (156 - 373 103/μl)
MCH (27.2 - 33.5 pg)
MCHC (32.7 - 35.6 g/dl)
RDW (11.8 - 13.4 %)
MCV (80.7 - 95.5 fl)
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
LL
EF
87.04
84.97
21.56
19.97
72.58
78.61
366.01
369.02
7.24
6.52
58.64
53.81
31.45
34.97
6.91
7.12
2.28
2.12
0.60
0.58
4.53
4.50
12.87
12.84
38.05
38.63
263.67
268.48
28.66
28.56
33.42
33.26
13.72
13.70
85.71
86
14.62
8.43
14.96
15.15
37.87
39.48
63.89
56.17
1.67
1.42
8.89
10.76
8.21
8.43
2.11
2.25
1.49
1.31
0.39
0.37
0.44
0.36
0.95
1
2.46
2.80
62.65
57.29
2.45
2.38
1.27
1.12
1.42
1.57
6.12
6.2
1.649
1.612
-1.476
-0.726
5.207
4.475
4.733
0.936
1.375
0.336
0.858
0.425
-0.691
-1.501
0.876
1.263
0.254
-1.222
0.102
0.110
0.143
0.469
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.351
0.172
0.737
0.392
0.672
0.491
0.136
0.383
0.209
0.800
0.224
TIBC: Total iron-binding capacity, MCH: mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCHC: mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, MCV: mean
corpuscular volume , RDW: red blood cell distribution width