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Outline of Quino Recovery Plan - The Xerces Society

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Interim goals include (1) protecting habitat supporting known current population<br />

distributions (habitat complexes), (2) stabilizing populations within known<br />

population distributions (described habitat complexes), and (3) conducting<br />

research necessary to refine recovery criteria. Reclassification is appropriate<br />

when a taxon is no longer in danger throughout a significant portion <strong>of</strong> its range.<br />

Because data upon which to base decisions about reclassification are incomplete,<br />

downlisting criteria in this plan are necessarily preliminary. <strong>The</strong>re are<br />

insufficient data on which to base delisting criteria at this time.<br />

<strong>Recovery</strong> Criteria:<br />

1) Permanently protect habitat patches supporting known extant population<br />

distributions (habitat complexes) and possible landscape connectivity areas<br />

among them. Adequate habitat reserve area sizes are estimated to be between<br />

1,200-4,000 hectares (3,000-10,000 acres) total per habitat complex. <strong>Recovery</strong><br />

Units and habitat complexes described in this recovery plan are: Northwest<br />

Riverside <strong>Recovery</strong> Unit, containing the Gavilan Hills habitat complex;<br />

Southwest Riverside <strong>Recovery</strong> Unit, containing the Warm Springs Creek and<br />

Skinner/Johnson habitat complexes; South Riverside <strong>Recovery</strong> Unit, containing<br />

the Oak Mountain/Vail Lake, Sage Road/Billygoat Mountain, and Brown<br />

Canyon habitat complexes; South Riverside/North San Diego <strong>Recovery</strong> Unit,<br />

containing the Silverado and Dameron Valley/Oak Grove habitat complexes;<br />

Southwest San Diego <strong>Recovery</strong> Unit, containing the San Diego National<br />

Wildlife Refuge, Otay Lakes, Otay Foothills, Otay Mesa, Marron Valley, and<br />

Tecate habitat complexes; and Southeast San Diego <strong>Recovery</strong> Unit, containing<br />

the Jacumba Peak habitat complex.<br />

2) Permanently provide for and implement management <strong>of</strong> described habitat<br />

complexes to restore habitat quality, including maintenance <strong>of</strong> hostplant<br />

populations, maintenance <strong>of</strong> diverse nectar sources and pollinators, control <strong>of</strong><br />

nonnative plant invasion, and maintenance <strong>of</strong> internal landscape connectivity.<br />

<strong>The</strong> number <strong>of</strong> known occupied habitat patches and the density <strong>of</strong> butterflies<br />

within each <strong>Recovery</strong> Unit should be increased if declines are documented for 2<br />

consecutive years <strong>of</strong> average to high annual precipitation (based on the past 20<br />

years <strong>of</strong> local data). Management must be adaptive: i.e., ongoing surveys and<br />

monitoring must be conducted to refine management strategies and delimit<br />

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