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November 2007 - Protestant Reformed Churches in America

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<strong>Protestant</strong> <strong>Reformed</strong> Theological Journal<br />

And with regard to confessional<br />

theologies (e.g., <strong>Reformed</strong>,<br />

Lutheran, Anabaptist<br />

etc.), we can perhaps view<br />

these systems not as necessarily<br />

conflictual [beware of<br />

theologians who have a fondness<br />

for <strong>in</strong>vent<strong>in</strong>g new words!<br />

RC] but as complementary.<br />

After all, it takes many systems<br />

(nervous, digestive, reproductive,<br />

cardiovascular,<br />

etc.) work<strong>in</strong>g together to<br />

ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> the health (salus) of<br />

the body (p. 180).<br />

Recommended, but with serious<br />

reservations. ■<br />

Justified <strong>in</strong> Christ: God’s Plan for<br />

Us <strong>in</strong> Justification. Ed. K. Scott<br />

Oliph<strong>in</strong>t. Great Brita<strong>in</strong>: Christian<br />

Focus/Mentor, <strong>2007</strong>. Pp. xxiv +<br />

309. $18.99 (paper). [Reviewed by<br />

Andy Lann<strong>in</strong>g.]<br />

Justified <strong>in</strong> Christ is a compilation<br />

of eight essays written<br />

by faculty members of Westm<strong>in</strong>ster<br />

Theological Sem<strong>in</strong>ary<br />

<strong>in</strong> Philadelphia. Also <strong>in</strong>cluded<br />

<strong>in</strong> the book are a lengthy <strong>in</strong>troduction<br />

by S<strong>in</strong>clair B. Ferguson,<br />

an extensive bibliography by<br />

Alexander F<strong>in</strong>layson, and a<br />

complete reproduction of John<br />

Murray’s essay “The Imputation<br />

of Adam’s S<strong>in</strong>.”<br />

A book on the doctr<strong>in</strong>e of<br />

justification written by faculty<br />

members of Westm<strong>in</strong>ster Theological<br />

Sem<strong>in</strong>ary is of great <strong>in</strong>terest<br />

to <strong>Reformed</strong> and Presbyterian<br />

churches. Westm<strong>in</strong>ster<br />

116<br />

Theological Sem<strong>in</strong>ary (WTS)<br />

and the doctr<strong>in</strong>e of justification<br />

have a history. For 18 years<br />

(1963-1981), Norman Shepherd<br />

taught Systematic Theology at<br />

WTS. For at least some of those<br />

years, he taught the heresy of<br />

justification by faith and works.<br />

Although there was a lengthy<br />

<strong>in</strong>vestigation of his teach<strong>in</strong>gs by<br />

the faculty and board of WTS,<br />

as well as by the Philadelphia<br />

Presbytery of the Orthodox<br />

Presbyterian Church, Norman<br />

Shepherd was never discipl<strong>in</strong>ed<br />

for his heretical teach<strong>in</strong>gs.<br />

When he was f<strong>in</strong>ally dismissed<br />

from WTS, the board issued a<br />

statement <strong>in</strong> which they refused<br />

to condemn his doctr<strong>in</strong>e of justification<br />

as outside the bounds<br />

of the Westm<strong>in</strong>ster Standards.<br />

WTS failed to root out heresy<br />

concern<strong>in</strong>g the most basic article<br />

of the <strong>Reformed</strong> faith.*<br />

Vol. 41, No. 1

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