Climate Change in Latin America - European Commission

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Panamá International commitments United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, signed in 1993 and ratified in 1995 Kyoto Protocol, signed in 1998 and ratified in 1999. Legal Structure CNCC - Comité Nacional de Cambio Climático (National Climate Change Committee) coordinates different ministries, including: Foreign Relations, Agriculture, Energy and Health. ANAM - Is the recognised National Environment Authority (Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente). UCCD - Unidad de Cambio Climático y Desertificación (Climate Change and Desertification Unit) is executing the National Climate Change Programme. Mandate The UCCD includes promotional and regulatory roles, and its capacity to influence national policies is unclear. Human resources 6 staff. Adaptation Mechanisms At the regional level, as an adaptation action, the UCCD carried out a vulnerability study of a river basin considered a prioritary, with the support of UNDP. The reforestation of basins close to the area of enlargement of the Panama Canal, executed by the Panama Canal Authority as an adaptation measure, will allow the environmental impact of the project to be reduced and especially the costs of international insurance (actions in this respect were started in 1998). The Panama reforestation programme is considered a "case-study", since it has allowed insurance costs to be reduced. National Strategy on Climate Change In 2004 ANAM proposed a National Policy on Climate Change, consisting of seven environmental policies. At present, with the support of IDB, it is preparing the national strategy. International Coordination Panama has signed cooperation agreements with Canada, Spain, Holland and Italy. In relations with UNFCCC it is represented by the SG of CCAD of the SICA. Mitigation Mechanisms Forests and water Environmental services and restoration of river basins, Decree N. 209. Reforestation programme of river basins close to the area of enlargement of the Panama Canal, executed by the Panama Canal Authority. CDMs - Clean Development Mechanisms Approved CDMs The country has five small hydro-electricty projects approved. The portfolio of projects includes more projects for hydro-electricty, as well as wind power and one for reforestation. The projects are easily accessible and well documented. REDD Panama will have access to the Cooperative Fund for Forest Carbon. 72
Paraguay International commitments United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, signed in 1993 and ratified in 1995. Kyoto Protocol, signed in 1998 and ratified in 1999. Legal Structure Secretaria del Ambiente (Environment Secretariat) (SEAM), created by Law N. 1561/00. The National Climate Change Programme is under the Directorate of Strategic Planning, Department of International and National Relations. The Comisión Nacional de Cambio Climático (National Climate Change Commission) (CNCC) is a collegiate body which forms part of the structure of the National Climate Change Programme; it consists of 17 institutions from the public and private sectors. The functions of this Commission are to define, supervise and evaluate national policy on Climate Change. National Coordination The SEAM cooperates and works with other institutions of central government in different ambits, e.g. with the Public Ministry, Environment Inspection for the inspection and protection of Natural Resources, with the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock for specific policies and programmes, with the institutions for phyto-sanitary vigilance, with the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare, with the Secretariat for National Emergencies, with the National Tourism Secretariat, with the General Comptroller's Office of the Republic, with the Ministry of Foreign Relations, with the Secretariat for Social Action and with Subnational Government organs such as provincial and municipal governments. This coordination is effected through the Consejo Nacional del Ambiente – CONAM (National Council for the environment) which is an inter-institutional collegiate body for deliberation, consultation and definition of National policy on the environment, forming part of the National Environmental System. Human resources 9 staff, 5 of whom are external consultants. The staff have received training from FMAM, GTZ and World Bank. Good relations with the private sector. International Coordination Paraguay works with Work Group N. 6 of Mercosur. CDMs - Clean Development Mechanisms National Strategy on Climate Change The National Strategy on Climate Change was prepared by the CNCC and approved by DS. N. 085- 2003. Apart from identifying priority sectors, the ENCC defines 3 priority regions for vulnerability to Climate Change. Approved CDMs Currently Paraguay is not implementing any CDM projects. Some are awaiting approval in the biomass and hydro-electricity sectors. 73
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Climate Change in Latin America
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Foreword Sustainable Development an
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List of acronyms CAAAM ACCLAC ACT C
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Introduction Figure 1 Schematic dia
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In 2008, when Slovenia and France h
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1.1. Impacts of Climate Change Acco
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1.2. Regional Vulnerability Table 1
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Vulnerabilities Social Food and Hea
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Table 2 Country Argentina Bolivia B
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Page 25 and 26: 1.4.3. Networks RIOCC - The Ibero-A
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Page 30 and 31: 2. Context analysis 30
Page 32 and 33: In general terms, countries with em
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Page 38 and 39: Mitigation of Climate Change is a c
Page 40 and 41: According to the EPI, Costa Rica (5
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Page 44: Conclusion Uncertainty associated w
Page 47 and 48: Annex 1 Questionnaire on Climate Ch
Page 50 and 51: Annex 2 Country Fiches Argentina In
Page 52 and 53: Climate Change policies The confron
Page 54 and 55: Brazil Adaptation Mechanisms Rules
Page 56 and 57: Energy Law of Energy Efficiency (20
Page 58 and 59: Colombia International commitments
Page 60 and 61: ASOCIC The functions of ASOCIC are
Page 62 and 63: Ecuador National Coordination Very
Page 64 and 65: El Salvador International commitmen
Page 66 and 67: Honduras International Coordination
Page 68 and 69: C4 - Consultative Council on Climat
Page 70 and 71: Studies and publications There are
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Page 76 and 77: The sectors involved in the 3 prior
Page 78 and 79: Uruguay International Commitments U
Page 80 and 81: Mitigation Mechanisms Transportatio
Page 82 and 83: Annex 3 Information from Member Sta
Page 84: Czech Republic Actions financed by
Page 87 and 88: Specific objective Sector Budget (
Page 89 and 90: Germany Actions financed by Germany
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Page 95 and 96: DEG Actions since 2002 Sinersa Peru
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Page 99 and 100: The Netherlands Actions financed by
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Page 103 and 104: → Promotion of participative proj
Page 105 and 106: The Spanish administration is joint
Page 107 and 108: • Iberoamerican Water Training Pr
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Page 111 and 112: European Commission, EuropeAid Co-o
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