Climate Change in Latin America - European Commission

The sectors involved in the 3 prioritized basins
were: water resources, agriculture, marine fishing
and socio-economics. The results were published.
They are summarized as follows: Climate Change
scenarios in Peru in 2050 for the Pure River Basin,
Climatic Atlas of precipitation and air temperature
in the Mantaro River Basin, Mantaro Basin Climate
Change Diagnosis, Current and Future Climate
Change Vulnerability and adaptation measures in the
Mantaro River Basin, Integrated Local Evaluation and
Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in the Piura River
Basin and Future Climatic Scenarios and availability
of water resources in the Santa River Basin. A bottom
up methodology was used.
With international cooperation the following adaptation
projects are being implemented:
- Second National Climate Change Communication
(SCNCC; in conjunction with GEF)
- Adaptation to the impact of the accelerated
recession of glaciers in the tropical Andes PRAA
(World Bank)
- Climate Change Adaptation Programme (PACC;
in conjunction with COSUDE)
- Integral and adaptive management of
environmental resources to minimize climate
change vulnerabilities in high Andean microbasins
(multiple agencies of the PNUD)
- Climate Change Adaptation Initiatives and
Implementation of the National Climate Change
Strategy, as promoted by the creation of three
Regional Strategies (IBD)
- Study of the Economic Impact of Climate Change
(IBD).
Mitigation Mechanisms
To date, in the framework of the Second National
Climate Change Communication, the inventory of
greenhouse gases up to 2000 has been created. It was
identified that 47% of all emissions were generated
by changes of land use, such as deforestation.
The Inventories and Mitigation Component of the
Second National Communication includes two
major results: a National Management System
of Greenhouse Gas Inventories and the Strategy
Proposal to mitigate these emissions, which is in its
final stages.
Within the "Programme for the Strengthening of
National Capacity to Manage the Impact of Climate
Change and Air Pollution" (PROCLIM), a Map of
Deforestation of the Peruvian Amazon up to 2000 was
created. It was identified that San Martín is the most
heavily deforested region, with 1,327,668.52 hectares
of deforested land, which represents 18.51% of the
country.
Energy
The Ministry of the Environment is running the Peru
Eco-Efficient Programme, which is directed at public
institutions, with the aim of promoting a new culture
of efficient use of energy, paper, water and logistic
resources, which would bring significant savings for
the State. Workers, who are the principle consumers
of these services, are being asked to act in an
environmentally responsible manner.
The State is now seeking to promote the law on rural
electricity from renewable energy sources (DL 1002)
and a regulation that would ensure the quality of the
systems and their installation. This would create a
favourable field for the insertion of photovoltaic and
wind energy into the rural electricity supply.
In the case of wind energy, 53 wind concessions are
being studied, as the Ministry of Energy and Mines
seeks to tender an additional 500MW for this type of
electrical generation.
Peru promotes the use of biofuels, for which it has
enacted Law 28054, Law on the Biofuel Market,
Supreme Decree 013-2005-EM Regulation of the Law
on the Biofuel Market and Supreme Decree 021-2007
Regulation of the Marketing of Biofuels. Currently,
all diesel sold at a national level must contain 2%
biodiesel. As of 1 January 2010, all gasoline will have
to contain 7% ethanol nationally.
Promotion of renewable energy and energy efficiency
with support of the IBD.
Waste
As part of the Peru Eco-efficient Programme, "Ecoefficient
Municipalities" are being developed, which
strive to use efficient resources and maximize
potential with a focus on three working issues:
sewage treatment, solid waste regulation and land
management for sustainable development.
CDMs - Clean Development Mechanisms
Approved CDMs
Peru is considered the fourth most competitive
country when it comes to CDMs.
The Ministry of the Environment is the agency that
establishes environmental policies, the focal point
for the UNFCCC and the Designated National
Authority (DNA) for CDMs. MINAM has developed
and implemented procedure ISO P-34 for the rapid
evaluation of CDM projects. Participants in the project
are able to obtain approval or rejection for the CDM
project activity in less than 45 days. This approval
refers exclusively to the contribution of the project to
the country's sustainable development.
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