Part I

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H-Frame 2-point contact steel lattice tower. Used primarily for in-line conductors. Single 4-point contact steel lattice tower. Used primarily for in-line conductors H-Frame 2-point contact tower. Used primarily for in-line conductors. Triple 4-point contact steel lattice towers. Used primarily for direction changes and high conductor stress situations. Types of Towers Black Sea Regional Transmission Project Figure 2-5
Draft Black Sea Regional Transmission Project ESIA of-way. Helicopter landing/staging pads may need to be constructed in rugged terrain where helicopters may be used for construction activities. 2.1.2.5 Installation of Conductors (Transmission Lines) In most locations, there are no line conductors between the existing towers; however, line conductors and ground conductors are present in some locations. GSE will evaluate existing conductors to determine if they are still usable. It is anticipated that most, if not all, of the line and ground conductors used will be new. Based on the type and size of conductors used in existing 400kV and 500kV systems in Georgia, the following conductor sizes will be used to maintain uniformity in operation and maintenance practices, including maintaining optimum spare parts inventory: 3xAC 400/51, 3XAC 500/64 aluminum conductor steel reinforced (ACSR) line conductors per phase for 500kV transmission line. Two (2) 380/50 square millimeter DIN48204 rated ACSR line conductors for 400kV transmission line per phase. Two (2) ground conductors will be provided. One composite fiber-optic overhead ground wire will be used to serve dual function; optical fiber telecom link and ground wire on overhead transmission lines and the other will be ACSR. The optical fiber telecom link are designed with mechanical and electrical characteristics similar to conventional ground wires. The ground wires are constructed to protect the electrical line from the effects of short circuits on the power system and lightning strikes. Line conductor installations will be accomplished using two basic techniques. In drivable terrain, the conductors will be on rollers at the end of a section. The line conductor will be played out between the towers using a four-wheel drive vehicle with a specialized pole that will pull the line conductor from tower to tower while driving along the right-ofway. In highly rugged terrain, it is anticipated that vegetation clearing will be minimal and helicopters will be used the run the line conductor between towers. Once the line conductor is played out, it will be pulled to the required tension to maintain a minimum clearance requirement of eight meters over the highest vegetation. Figure 2-6 shows typical ground-based conductoring. In rugged terrain where vehicle access is difficult or impossible, helicopters may be used to place conductor lines. 2.1.3 Proposed Maintenance Techniques 2.1.3.1 Substations Figure 2-6. Ground-based conductoring Ongoing operations and maintenance at substations will primarily include accessing the substations by truck or car to monitor and occasionally service equipment and the facilities. Additional maintenance activities would include landscaping activities such as grass mowing and regular mechanical weed control around the fences. 19
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Part I

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