UNDERSTANDING VARIATION IN PARTITION COEFFICIENT, Kd ...

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LIST OF TABLES Table 5.1. Estimated mean composition of river water of the world from Hem (1985) ...... 5.3 Table 5.2. Concentrations of contaminants used in the aqueous species distribution calculations. ............................................ 5.4 Table 5.3. Cadmium aqueous species included in the speciation calculations ............. 5.6 Table 5.4. Estimated range of K d values for cadmium as a function of pH. ............. 5.11 Table 5.5. Estimated range of K d values (ml/g) for cesium based on CEC or clay content for systems containing
Table 5.16. Uranium(VI) aqueous species included in the speciation calculations. ........ 5.69 Table 5.17. Look-up table for estimated range of K d values for uranium based on pH ..... 5.75 Table 5.18. Selected chemical and transport properties of the contaminants. ............ 5.78 Table 5.19. Distribution of dominant contaminant species at 3 pH values for an oxidizing water described in Tables 5.1 and 5.2. .............. 5.79 Table 5.20. Some of the more important aqueous- and solid-phase parameters affecting contaminant sorption ..................................... 5.81 Table C.1. Descriptive statistics of the cadmium K d data set for soils ................... C.3 Table C.2. Correlation coefficients (r) of the cadmium K d data set for soils .............. C.4 Table C.3. Look-up table for estimated range of K d values for cadmium based on pH ...... C.5 Table C.4. Cadmium K d data set for soils. ....................................... C.6 Table D.1. Descriptive statistics of cesium K d data set including soil and pure mineral phases. ........................................D.3 Table D.2. Descriptive statistics of data set including soils only. ......................D.4 Table D.3. Correlation coefficients (r) of the cesium K d value data set that included soils and pure mineral phases. ................................D.6 Table D.4. Correlation coefficients (r) of the soil-only data set. .......................D.6 Table D.5. Effect of mineralogy on cesium exchange. ..............................D.9 Table D.6 Cesium K d values measured on mica (Fithian illite) via adsorption and desorption experiments. ........................................D.10 Table D.7. Approximate upper limits of linear range of adsorption isotherms on various solid phases. .............................................D.11 Table D.8. Fruendlich equations identified in literature for cesium. ...................D.13 Table D.9. Descriptive statistics of the cesium Freundlich equations (Table D.8) reported in the literature. ..........................................D.15 xvi
Page 1 and 2: United States Office of Air and Rad
Page 3 and 4: NOTICE The following two-volume rep
Page 5 and 6: This publication is the result of a
Page 7 and 8: TO COMMENT ON THIS GUIDE OR PROVIDE
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS NOTICE ...................
Page 11 and 12: Concentrations Extractable Iron Con
Page 13 and 14: Appendix A - Acronyms and Abbreviat
Page 15: Figure E.1. Variation of K d for Cr
Page 19 and 20: Table H.3. Simple and multiple regr
Page 21 and 22: 1.0 Introduction The objective of t
Page 23 and 24: discussed. The geochemical modeling
Page 25 and 26: 2.0 The K d Model The simplest and
Page 27 and 28: track many more parameters and some
Page 29 and 30: of interest. The retardation factor
Page 31 and 32: (e.g., soil). An increasing body of
Page 33 and 34: complexation constants for the cont
Page 35 and 36: the soil column. Additionally, the
Page 37 and 38: Element Table 5.2. Concentrations o
Page 39 and 40: 5.2.3 Aqueous Speciation Cadmium fo
Page 41 and 42: 5.2.4 Dissolution/Precipitation/Cop
Page 43 and 44: cadmium, indicating that cadmium an
Page 45 and 46: 5.2.6.2.2 Limits of K d Values with
Page 47 and 48: 5.3.4 Dissolution/Precipitation/Cop
Page 49 and 50: organic chelates (e.g., EDTA). Init
Page 51 and 52: 5.3.6.2.1 Limits of K d Values with
Page 53 and 54: (tarapacaite) in chromium sludge fr
Page 55 and 56: K d). Soils containing Mn oxides ox
Page 57 and 58: Table 5.7. Estimated range of Kd va
Page 59 and 60: most common valence state of lead e
Page 61 and 62: Table 5.8. Lead aqueous species inc
Page 63 and 64: Under reducing conditions, galena (
Page 65 and 66: C Adsorption of lead increases with
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5.5.6.2.2 Limits of K d Values with
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(Choppin, 1983). Plutonium hydrolyt
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Table 5.10. Plutonium aqueous speci
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5.6.5 Sorption/Desorption Plutonium
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content in the system. Additionally
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5.6.6.2.2 Limits of K d Values with
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5.7.4 Dissolution/Precipitation/Cop
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much greater concentrations. Thus,
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exchanged which they attributed to
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up tables was based in part on thei
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organic complexes likely predominat
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Thorium undergoes hydrolysis in aqu
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The distribution of thorium aqueous
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from about 10 -8.5 mol/l (0.0007 mg
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Based on the assumptions and limita
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5.10 Tritium Geochemistry And K d V
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uranium. Uranium(VI) species domina
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gives 0.1 to 10 µg/l as the range
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mineral in reducing ore zones (Fron
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Percent Distribution 100 80 60 40 2
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5.11.6 Partition Coefficient, K d ,
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No attempt was made to statisticall
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Table 5.18. Selected chemical and t
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Another objective of this report is
Page 115 and 116:
6.0 REFERENCES Adriano, D. C. 1992.
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Bensen, D. W. 1960. Review of Soil
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Metals by Geomedia. Variables, Mech
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EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection
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Griffin, R. A., A. K. Au, and R. R.
Page 125 and 126:
+ Keeney-Kennicutt, W. L., and J. W
Page 127 and 128:
Mattigod, S. V., A. L. Page, and I.
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Oscarson, D. W., and H. B. Hume. 19
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Relyea, J. F. and D. A. Brown. 1978
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Schultz, R. K., R. Overstreet, and
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Szalay, A. 1964. “Cation Exchange
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Yariv, S., and H. Cross. 1979. Geoc
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APPENDIX A Acronyms, Abbreviations,
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PC Personal computers operating und
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A.3.0 List of Symbols and Notation
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APPENDIX B Definitions
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Clay Content - particle size fracti
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Polynuclear Species - an aqueous sp
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C.1.0 Background Appendix C Partiti
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Cadmium K d Table C.2. Correlation
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C.3.0 Data Set for Soils Table C.4
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Cd K d (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt%) pH C
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D.1.0 Background Appendix D Partiti
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A second data set (see Section D.4)
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Table D.3. Correlation coefficients
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By transposing the CEC and cesium K
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Table D.6. Cesium K d values measur
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eported in Table D.8 are described
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a 1 b 1 Range of Solution Cs Concen
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Figure D.4. Generalized cesium Freu
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Table D.10. Estimated range of K d
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D.3.0 K d Data Set for Soils and Pu
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Cesium Kd (ml/g) Clay (wt.% ) Mica
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Cesium K d (ml/g) Clay (wt%) Mica (
Page 195 and 196:
Bruggenwert, M. G. M., and A. Kamph
Page 197 and 198:
Shiao, S. Y., P. Rafferty, R. E. Me
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E.1.0 Background Appendix E Partiti
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chromium-reductive soils may stem f
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E.2.0 Approach The approach used to
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Table E.3. Estimated range of K d v
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Table E.4. Data from Rai et al. (19
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E.4.0 References Davis, J. A. and J
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APPENDIX F Partition Coefficients F
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(CEC) of the soils. Such an anomaly
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Table F.1. Summary of K d values fo
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Figure F.2. Variation of K d as a f
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F.4.0 References Abd-Elfattah, A.,
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APPENDIX G Partition Coefficients F
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A number of investigators have exam
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pH value, which is typical of the m
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These significant reductions in ads
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This is typically accomplished by t
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The scatterplots are typically disp
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Table G.2. Regression models for pl
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G.4.0 References Barney, G. S. 1984
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Nelson, D. M., R. P. Larson, and W.
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APPENDIX H Partition Coefficients F
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1.6 ml/g for a measurement made on
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Figure H.1. Relation between stront
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Figure H.2. Relation between stront
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H.2.4 Approach Figure H.4. Relation
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A second look-up table (Table H.5)
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Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Content (%) pH C
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Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Content (%) pH C
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Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Conten t (%) pH
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Page 260 and 261:
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Konishi, M., K. Yamamoto, T. Yanagi
Page 266 and 267:
APPENDIX I Partition Coefficients F
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descriptive statistics of the thori
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Figure I.1. Linear regression betwe
Page 272 and 273:
The look-up table (Table I.5) for t
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Thorium K d (ml/g) pH Clay (wt.%) C
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Rai, D., A. R. Felmy, D. A. Moore,
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J.1.0 Background Appendix J Partiti
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J.2.2 Uranium K d Studies on Soils
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Washington. The studies included an
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and then decreases with increasing
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Kd (ml/g) 100,000 10,000 1,000 100
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papers. Warnecke et al. (1984) indi
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Anderson et al. (1982) summarize an
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McKinley and Scholtis (1993) compar
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In a similar comparison of sorption
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J.3.1 K d Values as a Function ff p
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discussed, and one would have to ma
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al., 1992; and others). These refer
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· Manskaya et al. (1956) studied a
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concentrations of humic acid, there
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pH U Kd (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt.%) CE
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Page 312 and 313:
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
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Page 320 and 321:
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J.6.0 References Ames, L. L., J. E.
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Erikson, R. L., C. J. Hostetler, R.
Page 330 and 331:
R. C. Ewing. Materials Research Soc
Page 332 and 333:
Sheppard, M. I., and D. H. Thibault
Page 334:
Yamamoto, T., E. Yunoki, M. Yamakaw
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