UNDERSTANDING VARIATION IN PARTITION COEFFICIENT, Kd ...

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Konishi, M., K. Yamamoto, T. Yanagi, and Y. Okajima. 1988. “Sorption Behavior of Cesium, Strontium and Americium Ions on Clay Materials.” Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 25:929-933. Lefevre, R., M. Sardin, and D. Schweich. 1993. “Migration of Strontium in Clayey and Calcareous Sandy Soil: Precipitation and Ion Exchange.” Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 13:215-229. Lieser, K. H., B. Gleitsmann, and Th. Steinkopff. 1986. “Sorption of Trace Elements or Radionuclides in Natural Systems Containing Groundwater and Sediments.” Radiochimica Acta, 40:33-37. Lieser, K. H., and Th. Steinkopff. 1989. “Sorption Equilibria of Radionuclides or Trace Elements in Multicomponent Systems.” Radiochimica Acta, 47:55-61. McHenry, J. R. 1958. “Ion Exchange Properties of Strontium in a Calcareous Soil.” Soil Science Society of America, Proceedings, 22:514-518. Nelson, J. L. 1959. Recent Studies at Hanford on Soil and Mineral Reactions in Waste Disposal. HW-SA-2273, Westinghouse Hanford Company, Richland, Washington. Hem, J. D. 1985. Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural Water. Water Supply Paper 2254. Distribution Branch, Text Products Section, U.S. Geological Survey, Alexandria, Virginia. Neter, J. and W. Wasserman. 1974. Applied Linear Statistical Models. Richard D. Irwin, Inc., Homewood, Illinois. Ohnuki, T. 1991. “Characteristics of Migration of 85 Sr and 137 Cs in Alkaline Solution Through Sandy Soil.” Material Research Society Proceedings, 212:609-616. Ohnuki, T. 1994. “Sorption Characteristics of Strontium on Sandy Soils and Their Components.” Radiochimica Acta, 64:237-245. Patterson, R. J., and T. Spoel. 1981. “Laboratory Measurements of the Strontium Distribution Coefficient for Sediments From a Shallow Sand Aquifer.” Water Resources Research, 17:513-520. Petersen, L. W., P. Moldrup, O. H. Jacobsen, and D. E. Rolston. 1996. “Relations Between Specific Surface Area and Soils Physical and Chemical Properties.” Soil Science, 161:9-21. H.25
Rhodes, D. W., and J. L. Nelson. 1957. Disposal of Radioactive Liquid Wastes From the Uranium Recovery Plant. HW-54721, Westinghouse Hanford Company, Richland, Washington. Satmark, B., and Y. Albinsson. 1991. “Sorption of Fission Products on Colloids Made of Naturally Occurring Minerals and the Stability of these Colloids.” Radiochimica Acta, 58/59:155-161. Serne, R. J., J. L. Conca, V. L. LeGore, K. J. Cantrell, C. W. Lindenmeier, J. A. Campbell, J. E. Amonette, and M. I. Wood. 1993. Solid-Waste Leach Characteristics and Contaminant- Sediment Interactions. Volume 1: Batch Leach and Adsorption Tests and Sediment Characterization. PNL-8889, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington. Serne, R. J., and V. L. LeGore. Strontium-90 Adsorption-Desorption Properties and Sediment Characterization at the 100 N-Area. PNL-10899, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington. Sposito, G. 1984. The Surface Chemistry of Soils. Oxford University Press, New York, New York. Strenge, D. L., and S. R. Peterson. 1989. Chemical Databases for the Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System. PNL-7145, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington. Vine, E. N., R. D. Aguilar, B. P. Bayhurst, W. R. Daniels, S. J. DeVilliers, B. R. Erdal, F. O. Lawrence, S. Maestas, P. Q. Oliver, J. L. Thompson, and K. Wolfsberg. 1980. Sorption- Desorption Studies on Tuff. II. A Continuation of Studies with Samples form Jackass Flats, Nevada and Initial Studies with Samples form Yucca Mountain, Nevada. LA-8110-MS, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico. H.26
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United States Office of Air and Rad
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NOTICE The following two-volume rep
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This publication is the result of a
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TO COMMENT ON THIS GUIDE OR PROVIDE
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CONTENTS NOTICE ...................
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Concentrations Extractable Iron Con
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Appendix A - Acronyms and Abbreviat
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Figure E.1. Variation of K d for Cr
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Table 5.16. Uranium(VI) aqueous spe
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Table H.3. Simple and multiple regr
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1.0 Introduction The objective of t
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discussed. The geochemical modeling
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2.0 The K d Model The simplest and
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track many more parameters and some
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of interest. The retardation factor
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(e.g., soil). An increasing body of
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complexation constants for the cont
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the soil column. Additionally, the
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Element Table 5.2. Concentrations o
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5.2.3 Aqueous Speciation Cadmium fo
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5.2.4 Dissolution/Precipitation/Cop
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cadmium, indicating that cadmium an
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5.2.6.2.2 Limits of K d Values with
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organic chelates (e.g., EDTA). Init
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(tarapacaite) in chromium sludge fr
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K d). Soils containing Mn oxides ox
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Table 5.7. Estimated range of Kd va
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most common valence state of lead e
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Table 5.8. Lead aqueous species inc
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Under reducing conditions, galena (
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C Adsorption of lead increases with
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(Choppin, 1983). Plutonium hydrolyt
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Table 5.10. Plutonium aqueous speci
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5.6.5 Sorption/Desorption Plutonium
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content in the system. Additionally
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much greater concentrations. Thus,
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exchanged which they attributed to
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up tables was based in part on thei
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organic complexes likely predominat
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Thorium undergoes hydrolysis in aqu
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The distribution of thorium aqueous
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from about 10 -8.5 mol/l (0.0007 mg
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Based on the assumptions and limita
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5.10 Tritium Geochemistry And K d V
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uranium. Uranium(VI) species domina
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gives 0.1 to 10 µg/l as the range
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mineral in reducing ore zones (Fron
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Percent Distribution 100 80 60 40 2
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5.11.6 Partition Coefficient, K d ,
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No attempt was made to statisticall
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Table 5.18. Selected chemical and t
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Another objective of this report is
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6.0 REFERENCES Adriano, D. C. 1992.
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Bensen, D. W. 1960. Review of Soil
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Metals by Geomedia. Variables, Mech
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EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection
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Griffin, R. A., A. K. Au, and R. R.
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+ Keeney-Kennicutt, W. L., and J. W
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Mattigod, S. V., A. L. Page, and I.
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Oscarson, D. W., and H. B. Hume. 19
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Relyea, J. F. and D. A. Brown. 1978
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Schultz, R. K., R. Overstreet, and
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Szalay, A. 1964. “Cation Exchange
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Yariv, S., and H. Cross. 1979. Geoc
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APPENDIX A Acronyms, Abbreviations,
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PC Personal computers operating und
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A.3.0 List of Symbols and Notation
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APPENDIX B Definitions
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Clay Content - particle size fracti
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Polynuclear Species - an aqueous sp
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C.1.0 Background Appendix C Partiti
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Cadmium K d Table C.2. Correlation
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C.3.0 Data Set for Soils Table C.4
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Cd K d (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt%) pH C
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D.1.0 Background Appendix D Partiti
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A second data set (see Section D.4)
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Table D.3. Correlation coefficients
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By transposing the CEC and cesium K
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Table D.6. Cesium K d values measur
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eported in Table D.8 are described
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a 1 b 1 Range of Solution Cs Concen
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Figure D.4. Generalized cesium Freu
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Table D.10. Estimated range of K d
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D.3.0 K d Data Set for Soils and Pu
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Cesium Kd (ml/g) Clay (wt.% ) Mica
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Cesium K d (ml/g) Clay (wt%) Mica (
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Bruggenwert, M. G. M., and A. Kamph
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Shiao, S. Y., P. Rafferty, R. E. Me
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E.1.0 Background Appendix E Partiti
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chromium-reductive soils may stem f
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E.2.0 Approach The approach used to
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Table E.3. Estimated range of K d v
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Table E.4. Data from Rai et al. (19
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E.4.0 References Davis, J. A. and J
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APPENDIX F Partition Coefficients F
Page 214 and 215: (CEC) of the soils. Such an anomaly
Page 216 and 217: Table F.1. Summary of K d values fo
Page 218 and 219: Figure F.2. Variation of K d as a f
Page 220 and 221: F.4.0 References Abd-Elfattah, A.,
Page 222 and 223: APPENDIX G Partition Coefficients F
Page 224 and 225: A number of investigators have exam
Page 226 and 227: pH value, which is typical of the m
Page 228 and 229: These significant reductions in ads
Page 230 and 231: This is typically accomplished by t
Page 232 and 233: The scatterplots are typically disp
Page 234 and 235: Table G.2. Regression models for pl
Page 236 and 237: G.4.0 References Barney, G. S. 1984
Page 238 and 239: Nelson, D. M., R. P. Larson, and W.
Page 240 and 241: APPENDIX H Partition Coefficients F
Page 242 and 243: 1.6 ml/g for a measurement made on
Page 244 and 245: Figure H.1. Relation between stront
Page 246 and 247: Figure H.2. Relation between stront
Page 248 and 249: H.2.4 Approach Figure H.4. Relation
Page 250 and 251: A second look-up table (Table H.5)
Page 252 and 253: Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Content (%) pH C
Page 254 and 255: Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Content (%) pH C
Page 256 and 257: Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Conten t (%) pH
Page 266 and 267: APPENDIX I Partition Coefficients F
Page 268 and 269: descriptive statistics of the thori
Page 270 and 271: Figure I.1. Linear regression betwe
Page 272 and 273: The look-up table (Table I.5) for t
Page 274 and 275: Thorium K d (ml/g) pH Clay (wt.%) C
Page 276 and 277: Rai, D., A. R. Felmy, D. A. Moore,
Page 278 and 279: J.1.0 Background Appendix J Partiti
Page 280 and 281: J.2.2 Uranium K d Studies on Soils
Page 282 and 283: Washington. The studies included an
Page 284 and 285: and then decreases with increasing
Page 286 and 287: Kd (ml/g) 100,000 10,000 1,000 100
Page 288 and 289: papers. Warnecke et al. (1984) indi
Page 290 and 291: Anderson et al. (1982) summarize an
Page 292 and 293: McKinley and Scholtis (1993) compar
Page 294 and 295: In a similar comparison of sorption
Page 296 and 297: J.3.1 K d Values as a Function ff p
Page 298 and 299: discussed, and one would have to ma
Page 300 and 301: al., 1992; and others). These refer
Page 302 and 303: · Manskaya et al. (1956) studied a
Page 304 and 305: concentrations of humic acid, there
Page 306 and 307: pH U Kd (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt.%) CE
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pH U Kd (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt.%) CE
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J.6.0 References Ames, L. L., J. E.
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Erikson, R. L., C. J. Hostetler, R.
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R. C. Ewing. Materials Research Soc
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Sheppard, M. I., and D. H. Thibault
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Yamamoto, T., E. Yunoki, M. Yamakaw
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