UNDERSTANDING VARIATION IN PARTITION COEFFICIENT, Kd ...

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J.6.0 References Ames, L. L., J. E. McGarrah, B. A. Walker, and P. F. Salter. 1982. “Sorption of Uranium and Cesium by Hanford Basalts and Associated Secondary Smectite.” Chemical Geology, 35:205-225. Ames, L. L., J. E. McGarrah, B. A. Walker, and P. F. Salter. 1983c. “Uranium and Radium Sorption on Amorphous Ferric Oxyhydroxide.” Chemical Geology, 40:135-148. Ames, L. L., J. E. McGarrah, and B. A. Walker. 1983a. “Sorption of Trace Constituents from Aqueous Solutions onto Secondary Minerals. I. Uranium.” Clays and Clay Minerals, 31(5):321-334. Ames, L. L., J. E. McGarrah, and B. A. Walker. 1983b. “Sorption of Uranium and Radium by Biotite, Muscovite, and Phlogopite.” Clays and Clay Minerals, 31(5):343-351. Ames, L. L., and D. Rai. 1978. Radionuclide Interactions with Soil and Rock Media. Volume 1: Processes Influencing Radionuclide Mobility and Retention. Element Chemistry and Geochemistry. Conclusions and Evaluation. EPA 520/6-78-007 (Volume 1 of 2), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nevada. Amonette, J. E., J. E. Szecsody, H. T. Schaef, J. C. Templeton, Y. A. Gorby, and J. S. Fruchter. 1994. “Abiotic Reduction of Aquifer Materials by Dithionite: A Promising In-Situ Remediation Technology.” In In-Situ Remediation: Scientific Basis for Current and Future Technologies. Thirty-Third Hanford Symposium on Health and the Environment, November 7-11, 1994, Pasco, Washington, G. W. Gee and N. R. Wing (eds.). Battelle Press, Richland, Washington. Andersson, K., B. Torstenfelt, and B. Allard. 1982. "Sorption Behavior of Long-Lived Radionuclides in Igneous Rock." In Environmental Migration of Long-Lived Radionuclides Proceedings of an International Symposium on Migration in the Terrestrial Environment of Long-Lived Radionuclides from the Nuclear Fuel Cycle Organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency, the Commission of the European Communities and the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and held in Knoxville, United States, 27-31 July 1981., Knoxville, Tennessee. IAEA-SM-257/20. pp. 111-131. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria. Baes, C. F., III, and R. D. Sharp. 1983. “A Proposal for Estimation of Soil Leaching and Leaching Constants for Use in Assessment Models.” Journal of Environmental Quality, 12:17-28. Bates, R. L., and J. A. Jackson (eds.). 1980. Glossary of Geology. American Geological Institute, Falls Church, Virginia. J.50
Barney, G. S. 1982a. Radionuclide Sorption on Basalt Interbed Materials FY 1981 Annual Report. RHO-BW-ST-35 P, Rockwell Hanford Operations, Richland, Washington. Barney, G. S. 1982b. Radionuclide Sorption of Columbia River Basalt Interbed Materials. RHO-BW-SA-198 P, Rockwell Hanford Operations, Richland, Washington. Bell, J., and T. H. Bates. 1988. “Distribution Coefficients of Radionuclides Between Soils and Groundwaters and Their Dependence on Various Test Parameters.” The Science of the Total Environment, 69:297-317. Borovec, Z. 1981. “The Adsorption of Uranyl Species by Fine Clay.” Chemical Geology, 32:45-58. Borovec, Z., B. Kribek, and V. Tolar. 1979. “Sorption of Uranyl by Humic Acids.” Chemical Geology, 27:39-46. Brindley, G. W., and M. Bastovanov. 1982. “Interaction of Uranyl Ions with Synthetic Zeolites of Type A and the Formation of Compreignacite-Like and Becquerelite-Like Products.” Clays and Clay Minerals, 30:135-142. Chisholm-Brause, C., S. D. Conradson, C. T. Buscher, P. G. Eller, and D. E. Morris. 1994. “Speciation of uranyl Sorbed at Multiple Binding Sites on Montmorillonite.” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58(17):3625-3631. Dahlman, R. C., E. A. Bondietti, and L. D. Eyman. 1976. Biological Pathways and Chemical Behavior of Plutonium and Other Actinides in the Environment. In Actinides in the Environment, (ed.) A. M. Friedman, pp. 47-80. ACS Symposium Series 35, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C. Dement’yev, V. S., and N. G. Syromyatnikov. 1968. “Conditions of Formation of a Sorption Barrier to the Migration of Uranium in an Oxidizing Environment.” Geochemistry International, 5:394-400 Doi, K., S. Hirono, and Y. Sakamaki. 1975. “Uranium Mineralization by Ground Water in Sedimentary Rocks, Japan.” Economic Geology, 70:628-646. Duff, M. C., and C. Amrhein. 1996. “Uranium(VI) Adsorption on Goethite and Soil in Carbonate Solutions.” Soil Science Society of America Journal, 60(5):1393-1400. Erickson, K. L. 1980. Radionuclide Sorption Studies on Abyssal Red Clays. In Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management. Volume 2, (ed.) C. J. M. Northrup, Jr., pp. 641-646. Plenum Press, New York, New York. J.51
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United States Office of Air and Rad
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NOTICE The following two-volume rep
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This publication is the result of a
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TO COMMENT ON THIS GUIDE OR PROVIDE
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CONTENTS NOTICE ...................
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Concentrations Extractable Iron Con
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Appendix A - Acronyms and Abbreviat
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Figure E.1. Variation of K d for Cr
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Table 5.16. Uranium(VI) aqueous spe
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Table H.3. Simple and multiple regr
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1.0 Introduction The objective of t
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discussed. The geochemical modeling
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2.0 The K d Model The simplest and
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track many more parameters and some
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of interest. The retardation factor
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(e.g., soil). An increasing body of
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complexation constants for the cont
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the soil column. Additionally, the
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Element Table 5.2. Concentrations o
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5.2.3 Aqueous Speciation Cadmium fo
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5.2.4 Dissolution/Precipitation/Cop
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cadmium, indicating that cadmium an
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5.2.6.2.2 Limits of K d Values with
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organic chelates (e.g., EDTA). Init
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(tarapacaite) in chromium sludge fr
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K d). Soils containing Mn oxides ox
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Table 5.7. Estimated range of Kd va
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most common valence state of lead e
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Table 5.8. Lead aqueous species inc
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Under reducing conditions, galena (
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C Adsorption of lead increases with
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(Choppin, 1983). Plutonium hydrolyt
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Table 5.10. Plutonium aqueous speci
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5.6.5 Sorption/Desorption Plutonium
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content in the system. Additionally
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much greater concentrations. Thus,
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exchanged which they attributed to
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up tables was based in part on thei
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organic complexes likely predominat
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Thorium undergoes hydrolysis in aqu
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The distribution of thorium aqueous
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from about 10 -8.5 mol/l (0.0007 mg
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Based on the assumptions and limita
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5.10 Tritium Geochemistry And K d V
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uranium. Uranium(VI) species domina
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gives 0.1 to 10 µg/l as the range
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mineral in reducing ore zones (Fron
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Percent Distribution 100 80 60 40 2
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5.11.6 Partition Coefficient, K d ,
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No attempt was made to statisticall
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Table 5.18. Selected chemical and t
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Another objective of this report is
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6.0 REFERENCES Adriano, D. C. 1992.
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Bensen, D. W. 1960. Review of Soil
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Metals by Geomedia. Variables, Mech
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EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection
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Griffin, R. A., A. K. Au, and R. R.
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+ Keeney-Kennicutt, W. L., and J. W
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Mattigod, S. V., A. L. Page, and I.
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Oscarson, D. W., and H. B. Hume. 19
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Relyea, J. F. and D. A. Brown. 1978
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Schultz, R. K., R. Overstreet, and
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Szalay, A. 1964. “Cation Exchange
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Yariv, S., and H. Cross. 1979. Geoc
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APPENDIX A Acronyms, Abbreviations,
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PC Personal computers operating und
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A.3.0 List of Symbols and Notation
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APPENDIX B Definitions
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Clay Content - particle size fracti
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Polynuclear Species - an aqueous sp
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C.1.0 Background Appendix C Partiti
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Cadmium K d Table C.2. Correlation
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C.3.0 Data Set for Soils Table C.4
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Cd K d (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt%) pH C
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D.1.0 Background Appendix D Partiti
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A second data set (see Section D.4)
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Table D.3. Correlation coefficients
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By transposing the CEC and cesium K
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Table D.6. Cesium K d values measur
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eported in Table D.8 are described
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a 1 b 1 Range of Solution Cs Concen
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Figure D.4. Generalized cesium Freu
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Table D.10. Estimated range of K d
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D.3.0 K d Data Set for Soils and Pu
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Cesium Kd (ml/g) Clay (wt.% ) Mica
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Cesium K d (ml/g) Clay (wt%) Mica (
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Bruggenwert, M. G. M., and A. Kamph
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Shiao, S. Y., P. Rafferty, R. E. Me
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E.1.0 Background Appendix E Partiti
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chromium-reductive soils may stem f
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E.2.0 Approach The approach used to
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Table E.3. Estimated range of K d v
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Table E.4. Data from Rai et al. (19
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E.4.0 References Davis, J. A. and J
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APPENDIX F Partition Coefficients F
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(CEC) of the soils. Such an anomaly
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Table F.1. Summary of K d values fo
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Figure F.2. Variation of K d as a f
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F.4.0 References Abd-Elfattah, A.,
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APPENDIX G Partition Coefficients F
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A number of investigators have exam
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pH value, which is typical of the m
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These significant reductions in ads
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This is typically accomplished by t
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The scatterplots are typically disp
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Table G.2. Regression models for pl
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G.4.0 References Barney, G. S. 1984
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Nelson, D. M., R. P. Larson, and W.
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APPENDIX H Partition Coefficients F
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1.6 ml/g for a measurement made on
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Figure H.1. Relation between stront
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Figure H.2. Relation between stront
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H.2.4 Approach Figure H.4. Relation
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A second look-up table (Table H.5)
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Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Content (%) pH C
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Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Content (%) pH C
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Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Conten t (%) pH
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Konishi, M., K. Yamamoto, T. Yanagi
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APPENDIX I Partition Coefficients F
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descriptive statistics of the thori
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Figure I.1. Linear regression betwe
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The look-up table (Table I.5) for t
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Thorium K d (ml/g) pH Clay (wt.%) C
Page 276 and 277: Rai, D., A. R. Felmy, D. A. Moore,
Page 278 and 279: J.1.0 Background Appendix J Partiti
Page 280 and 281: J.2.2 Uranium K d Studies on Soils
Page 282 and 283: Washington. The studies included an
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Page 286 and 287: Kd (ml/g) 100,000 10,000 1,000 100
Page 288 and 289: papers. Warnecke et al. (1984) indi
Page 290 and 291: Anderson et al. (1982) summarize an
Page 292 and 293: McKinley and Scholtis (1993) compar
Page 294 and 295: In a similar comparison of sorption
Page 296 and 297: J.3.1 K d Values as a Function ff p
Page 298 and 299: discussed, and one would have to ma
Page 300 and 301: al., 1992; and others). These refer
Page 302 and 303: · Manskaya et al. (1956) studied a
Page 304 and 305: concentrations of humic acid, there
Page 306 and 307: pH U Kd (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt.%) CE
Page 328 and 329: Erikson, R. L., C. J. Hostetler, R.
Page 330 and 331: R. C. Ewing. Materials Research Soc
Page 332 and 333: Sheppard, M. I., and D. H. Thibault
Page 334: Yamamoto, T., E. Yunoki, M. Yamakaw
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