UNDERSTANDING VARIATION IN PARTITION COEFFICIENT, Kd ...

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Sheppard, M. I., and D. H. Thibault. 1988. “Migration of Technetium, Iodine, Neptunium, and Uranium in the Peat of Two Minerotrophic Mires.” Journal of Environmental Quality, 17:644-653. Sheppard, M. I., and D. H. Thibault. 1990. “Default Soil Solid/Liquid Partition Coefficients, K ds, for Four Major Soil Types: A Compendium.” Health Physics, 59(4)471-482. Starik, I. Ye., F. Ye Starik and A. N. Apollonova. 1958. “Adsorption of Traces of Uranium on Iron Hydroxide and Its Desorption by the Carbonate Method.” Zh. Neorgan. Khimii. 3(1). Stenhouse, M. J., and J. Pöttinger. 1994. “Comparison of Sorption Databases Used in Recent Performance Assessments Involving Crystalline Host Rock.” Radiochimica Acta, 66/67:267-275. Stumm, W., and J. J. Morgan. 1981. Aquatic Chemistry. An Introduction Emphasizing Chemical Equilibria in Natural Waters. John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York. Szalay, A. 1954. “The Enrichment of Uranium in Some Brown Coals in Hungary.” Acta Geol. Acad. Sci. Hungary, 2:299-311. Szalay, A. 1957. “The Role of Humus in the Geochemical Enrichment of U in Coal and Other Bioliths.” Acta Phys. Acad. Sci. Hungary, 8:25-35. Thibault, D. H., M. I. Sheppard, and P. A. Smith. 1990. A Critical Compilation and Review of Default Soil Solid/Liquid Partition Coefficients, K d, for Use in Environmental Assessments. AECL-10125, Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Pinawa, Canada. Tripathi, V. S. 1984. Uranium(VI) Transport Modeling: Geochemical Data and Submodels. Ph.D. Dissertation, Stanford University, Stanford, California. Tsunashima, A., G. W. Brindley, and M. Bastovanov. 1981. “Adsorption of Uranium from Solutions by Montmorillonite: Compositions and Properties of Uranyl Montmorillonites.” Clays and Clay Minerals, 29:10-16. Turner, D. R. 1993. Mechanistic Approaches to Radionuclide Sorption Modeling. CNWRA 93-019, Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analysis, San Antonio, Texas. Turner, D. R. 1995. Uniform Approach to Surface Complexation Modeling of Radionuclide Sorption. CNWRA 95-001, Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analysis, San Antonio, Texas. J.56
Turner, D. R., T. Griffin, and T. B. Dietrich. 1993. “Radionuclide Sorption Modeling Using the M<strong>IN</strong>TEQA2 Speciation Code.” In Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XVI, (eds.) C. G. Interrante and R. T. Pabalan, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Volume 294, p. 783-789. Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Turner, G. D., J. M. Zachara, J. P. McKinley, and S. C. Smith. 1996. “Surface-Charge 2+ Properties and UO2 Adsorption of a Subsurface Smectite.” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 60(18):3399-3414. Vochten, R. C., L. van Haverbeke, and F. Goovaerts. 1990. “External Surface Adsorption of Uranyl-Hydroxo Complexes on Zeolite Particles in Relation to the Double-Layer Potential.” Journal of the Chemical Society. Faraday Transaction, 86:4095-4099. Waite, T. D., T. E. Payne, J. A. Davis, and K. Sekine. 1992. Alligators Rivers Analogue Project. Final Report Volume 13. Uranium Sorption. ISBN 0-642-599394 (DOE/HMIP/RR/92/0823, SKI TR 92:20-13. Waite, T. D., J. A. Davis, T. E. Payne, G. A. Waychunas, and N. Xu. 1994. “Uranium(VI) Adsorption to Ferrihydrite: Application of a Surface Complexation Model.” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58(24):5465-5478. Warnecke, E., G. Tittel, P. Brennecke, G. Stier-Friedland, and A. Hollman. 1986. “Experimental Investigations of Possible Radionuclide Releases from the Planned Repositories in the Gorleben Salt Dome and Konrad Iron ore Mine as Part of the Long-Term safety Assessment.” In Site, Design and Construction of Underground Repositories for Radioactive Wastes, IAEA-SM-289/49, p. 401-416, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria. Warnecke, E., A. Hollman, G. Tittel, and P. Brennecke. 1994. “Gorleben Radionuclide Migration Experiments: More Than 10 Years of Experience.” In Fourth International Conference on the Chemistry and Migration Behavior of Actinides and Fission Products in the Geosphere, p. 821-827, R. Oldenbourg Verlag, München, Germany. Warnecke, E., and W. Hild. 1988. “German Experience in the Field of Radionuclide Migration in the Geosphere.” Radioactive Waste Management and the Nuclear Fuel Cycle, 10(1-3):115-144. Warnecke, E., A. Hollman, and G. Stier-Friedland. 1984. “Migration of Radionuclides: Experiments Within the Site Investigation Program at Gorleben.” In Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management VII, (ed.) G. L. McVay, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Volume 26, p. 41-48. North-Holland, New York, New York. Yakobenchuk, V. F. 1968. “Radioactivity and Chemical Properties of Sod-Podzolic Soils in the Ukrainian Western Polesie.” Visn. Sil’s Kogosped. Nauki, 11:45-50 (in Ukrainian). J.57
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United States Office of Air and Rad
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NOTICE The following two-volume rep
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This publication is the result of a
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TO COMMENT ON THIS GUIDE OR PROVIDE
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CONTENTS NOTICE ...................
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Concentrations Extractable Iron Con
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Appendix A - Acronyms and Abbreviat
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Figure E.1. Variation of K d for Cr
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Table 5.16. Uranium(VI) aqueous spe
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Table H.3. Simple and multiple regr
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1.0 Introduction The objective of t
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discussed. The geochemical modeling
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2.0 The K d Model The simplest and
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track many more parameters and some
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of interest. The retardation factor
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(e.g., soil). An increasing body of
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complexation constants for the cont
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the soil column. Additionally, the
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Element Table 5.2. Concentrations o
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5.2.3 Aqueous Speciation Cadmium fo
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5.2.4 Dissolution/Precipitation/Cop
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cadmium, indicating that cadmium an
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5.2.6.2.2 Limits of K d Values with
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organic chelates (e.g., EDTA). Init
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(tarapacaite) in chromium sludge fr
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K d). Soils containing Mn oxides ox
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Table 5.7. Estimated range of Kd va
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most common valence state of lead e
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Table 5.8. Lead aqueous species inc
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Under reducing conditions, galena (
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C Adsorption of lead increases with
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(Choppin, 1983). Plutonium hydrolyt
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Table 5.10. Plutonium aqueous speci
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5.6.5 Sorption/Desorption Plutonium
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content in the system. Additionally
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much greater concentrations. Thus,
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exchanged which they attributed to
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up tables was based in part on thei
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organic complexes likely predominat
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Thorium undergoes hydrolysis in aqu
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The distribution of thorium aqueous
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from about 10 -8.5 mol/l (0.0007 mg
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Based on the assumptions and limita
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5.10 Tritium Geochemistry And K d V
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uranium. Uranium(VI) species domina
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gives 0.1 to 10 µg/l as the range
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mineral in reducing ore zones (Fron
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Percent Distribution 100 80 60 40 2
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5.11.6 Partition Coefficient, K d ,
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No attempt was made to statisticall
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Table 5.18. Selected chemical and t
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Another objective of this report is
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6.0 REFERENCES Adriano, D. C. 1992.
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Bensen, D. W. 1960. Review of Soil
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Metals by Geomedia. Variables, Mech
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EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection
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Griffin, R. A., A. K. Au, and R. R.
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+ Keeney-Kennicutt, W. L., and J. W
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Mattigod, S. V., A. L. Page, and I.
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Oscarson, D. W., and H. B. Hume. 19
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Relyea, J. F. and D. A. Brown. 1978
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Schultz, R. K., R. Overstreet, and
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Szalay, A. 1964. “Cation Exchange
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Yariv, S., and H. Cross. 1979. Geoc
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APPENDIX A Acronyms, Abbreviations,
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PC Personal computers operating und
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A.3.0 List of Symbols and Notation
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APPENDIX B Definitions
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Clay Content - particle size fracti
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Polynuclear Species - an aqueous sp
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C.1.0 Background Appendix C Partiti
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Cadmium K d Table C.2. Correlation
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C.3.0 Data Set for Soils Table C.4
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Cd K d (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt%) pH C
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D.1.0 Background Appendix D Partiti
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A second data set (see Section D.4)
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Table D.3. Correlation coefficients
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By transposing the CEC and cesium K
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Table D.6. Cesium K d values measur
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eported in Table D.8 are described
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a 1 b 1 Range of Solution Cs Concen
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Figure D.4. Generalized cesium Freu
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Table D.10. Estimated range of K d
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D.3.0 K d Data Set for Soils and Pu
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Cesium Kd (ml/g) Clay (wt.% ) Mica
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Cesium K d (ml/g) Clay (wt%) Mica (
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Bruggenwert, M. G. M., and A. Kamph
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Shiao, S. Y., P. Rafferty, R. E. Me
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E.1.0 Background Appendix E Partiti
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chromium-reductive soils may stem f
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E.2.0 Approach The approach used to
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Table E.3. Estimated range of K d v
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Table E.4. Data from Rai et al. (19
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E.4.0 References Davis, J. A. and J
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APPENDIX F Partition Coefficients F
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(CEC) of the soils. Such an anomaly
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Table F.1. Summary of K d values fo
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Figure F.2. Variation of K d as a f
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F.4.0 References Abd-Elfattah, A.,
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APPENDIX G Partition Coefficients F
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A number of investigators have exam
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pH value, which is typical of the m
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These significant reductions in ads
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This is typically accomplished by t
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The scatterplots are typically disp
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Table G.2. Regression models for pl
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G.4.0 References Barney, G. S. 1984
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Nelson, D. M., R. P. Larson, and W.
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APPENDIX H Partition Coefficients F
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1.6 ml/g for a measurement made on
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Figure H.1. Relation between stront
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Figure H.2. Relation between stront
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H.2.4 Approach Figure H.4. Relation
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A second look-up table (Table H.5)
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Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Content (%) pH C
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Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Content (%) pH C
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Sr K d (ml/g) Clay Conten t (%) pH
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Konishi, M., K. Yamamoto, T. Yanagi
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APPENDIX I Partition Coefficients F
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descriptive statistics of the thori
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Figure I.1. Linear regression betwe
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The look-up table (Table I.5) for t
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Thorium K d (ml/g) pH Clay (wt.%) C
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Rai, D., A. R. Felmy, D. A. Moore,
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J.1.0 Background Appendix J Partiti
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J.2.2 Uranium K d Studies on Soils
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Page 288 and 289: papers. Warnecke et al. (1984) indi
Page 290 and 291: Anderson et al. (1982) summarize an
Page 292 and 293: McKinley and Scholtis (1993) compar
Page 294 and 295: In a similar comparison of sorption
Page 296 and 297: J.3.1 K d Values as a Function ff p
Page 298 and 299: discussed, and one would have to ma
Page 300 and 301: al., 1992; and others). These refer
Page 302 and 303: · Manskaya et al. (1956) studied a
Page 304 and 305: concentrations of humic acid, there
Page 306 and 307: pH U Kd (ml/g) Clay Cont. (wt.%) CE
Page 326 and 327: J.6.0 References Ames, L. L., J. E.
Page 328 and 329: Erikson, R. L., C. J. Hostetler, R.
Page 330 and 331: R. C. Ewing. Materials Research Soc
Page 334: Yamamoto, T., E. Yunoki, M. Yamakaw
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