Balancing of a Water and Air System (PDF

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10 Preliminary Procedures 1. Review contract documents and plans for all of the HVAC system. 2. Review approved shop drawing and equipment submittals. 3. Prepare system schematics. 4. Insert preliminary data on test report forms. 5. Review electrical characteristics of equipment and assure that safety controls are operating and that all motor starters have the proper heater coils or overload protection. 6. Review completely the systems ready to be balance and verify that all balancing devices have been installed. 7. Confirm that all HVAC and temperature control system have been tested, strainers cleaned, systems flushed, etc., and are ready to be balance. Clean or temporary air filters should be in place as specified. 8. Confirm that all building components, such as ceiling plenums that affect system balance, are in place and sealed, and that all windows, door, etc., are installed and closed. 9. Confirm that all instruments are in good order. Inspect the job site to see that the building is architecturally ready for balancing. For instance, are all the walls, windows, door, and ceilings installed? If the conditioned space isn’t architecturally sealed, abnormal pressures and temperatures will adversely affect the system balance. Next, walk the air and water distribution system to ensure that they are intact, and aren’t missing components such as dampers, valves, pressure and temperature taps, coils, terminal boxes, diffusers, grilles, etc. Lastly, inspect the equipment. Check that motors, fans, pumps, chillers, compressors, boilers, drives, etc. are mechanically and electrically ready. The following is a general list of items to be checked. The Preliminary Procedures Air Side 1. Ductwork intact and properly sealed. 2. Set all volume control damper and variable air volume boxes to the full open position, unless system diversity requires balancing in zones. 3. Set outside air dampers to the minimum position. 4. Ductwork leak tested. 5. Access doors installed and properly secured. 6. Ductwork installed according to the drawings and specification. 7. Ductwork free from debris. 8. Dampers, including fire and smoke dampers, installed and accessible. 9. Terminal boxes, reheat coils, electrical reheat, etc., installed, functional and accessible. 10. All other air distribution devices such as diffusers, etc., installed and functional. 11. Return air has an unobstructed path from each conditioned space back to the unit. 12. Filters clean and correctly installed. 10
11 13. Filter frame properly installed and sealed. 14. Coils cleaned and properly installed. 15. Drive components installed. 16. Sheaves properly aligned and tight on their shafts. 17. Verify correct fan rotations and speeds. 18. Belts adjusted for the correct tension. 19. Belt guard properly installed. 20. Automatic control dampers installed and functional. 21. Fan vortex dampers functional. 22. Fan housings installed and properly sealed according to the drawings and specifications. 23. Flexible connections installed properly. 24. Fan wheel aligned properly and adequate clearance in the housing. 25. Fan bearing lubricated 26. Check motor amperages and voltages; make necessary adjustments. Water Side 1. Strainers and piping free from debris, cleaned, and flushed. 2. Set all balancing devices to full open position. 3. Construction strainer baskets replaced with permanent baskets. 4. Set mixing valves and control valves to full coil flow; close coil by-pass valves. 5. System filled to the proper level and the pressure-reducing valve set. 6. Automatic and manual air vents properly installed and functional 7. All air purged from the system. 8. Water in the expansion tanks at the proper level. 9. All valves, flow meters, and temperature/pressure tap installed correctly, accessible and functional. 10. Terminal coils installed, piped correctly, and accessible. 11. Pumps properly aligned, grouted and anchored. 12. Verify correct pump rotations and proper drive alignments. 13. Vibration isolators properly installed and adjusted. 14. Flexible connections installed properly. 15. Measure and record pump motor amperages and voltages. 16. Check pump flow before balancing coils. 17. Proceed with air systems balancing. Boiler 1. All operating and safety setting for temperature and pressure are correct. 2. Pressure relief valve functional. 3. Boiler started and operating properly. Chiller and Condenser 11
Page 1 and 2: Balancing of a water and air system
Page 3 and 4: 3 8 TBA (Testing, Balancing and Adj
Page 5 and 6: 5 Air Balancing Multiple Hood syste
Page 7 and 8: 7 87 Series Loop 88 One pipe main 9
Page 9: 9 Testing and Balancing HVAC A syst
Page 13 and 14: 13 13. Measure and record all requi
Page 15 and 16: 15 15 Example 3: Find the nearest s
Page 17 and 18: 17 For traverses taken in round duc
Page 19 and 20: 19 Flat Oval Duct Traverses For fie
Page 21 and 22: 21 Balancing Devices Volume Dampers
Page 23 and 24: 23 Turning Vanes Turning vanes (Fig
Page 25 and 26: 25 Balancing the VAV System The gen
Page 27 and 28: 27 maximum out-side air damper for
Page 29 and 30: 29 determines how much energy is in
Page 31 and 32: 31 the water removing capacity of a
Page 33 and 34: 33 Table 8A Dry Bulb on left, Wet B
Page 35 and 36: 35 60 58 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40
Page 37 and 38: 37 Foot³ per 1lb Altitude 0 Feet A
Page 39 and 40: 39 Table 9 C Air Density at 29.29
Page 41 and 42: 41 41 Wet-Bulb (F) .0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .
Page 43 and 44: 43 Table 11A Enthalpy at saturation
Page 45 and 46: 45 Table 11 C Enthalpy at saturatio
Page 47 and 48: 47 Wet bulb temperature____________
Page 49 and 50: 49 and replacement should be shut o
Page 51 and 52: 51 duct may be great; the balancing
Page 53 and 54: 53 Design below the 250°F limit (A
Page 55 and 56: 55 Differential Pressure Gauges The
Page 57 and 58: 57 Venturi The venturi is a device
Page 59 and 60: 59 Pressure Total pressure Velocity
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61 Table 1 shows that if the coil i
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63 adjustment of these devices is n
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65 Grouting Motor and lubrication N
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67 For every outside temperature ot
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69 4. Identify the riser with the h
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71 2. Turn the pump off 3. Close th
Page 73 and 74:
73 Net positive suction head availa
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75 All automatic control valves mus
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77 77
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79 4. Read and record the actual pu
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81 13. Record the coils design and
Page 83 and 84:
83 Air Control Air is always presen
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85 • allow draining of all or par
Page 87 and 88:
87 Valves have linear throttling ch
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89 to all the terminals down the li
Page 91 and 92:
91 Pump Circuits Primary-Secondary
Page 93 and 94:
93 • Evaporator: • the design a
Page 95 and 96:
95 95
Page 97 and 98:
97 Condenser • the design and act
Page 99 and 100:
99 • Each reading of liquid tempe
Page 101 and 102:
101 • Design and actual entering
Page 103 and 104:
103 differs from the average by mor
Page 105 and 106:
105 • Orifice plate • Turbine m
Page 107 and 108:
107 BTUH = GPM X 60 X 8.337 X ∆T
Page 109 and 110:
109 Lam = lbs. of air per minute th
Page 111 and 112:
111 When dry bulb temperature measu
Page 113 and 114:
113 GPM = FPM X Gallons per foot FP
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