Balancing of a Water and Air System (PDF
Balancing of a Water and Air System (PDF
Balancing of a Water and Air System (PDF
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• allow draining <strong>of</strong> all or part <strong>of</strong> the system<br />
• restrict operation to specific subsystems<br />
• allow quick filling <strong>of</strong> the system by bypassing the pressure-reducing valve<br />
Manual Valves<br />
Manual valves fall into two major categories: manual service valves <strong>and</strong> check valves.<br />
Manual service valves regulate flow rate. These include gate, globe, plug, ball, <strong>and</strong><br />
butterfly valves. Check valves limit the direction <strong>of</strong> flow. Another manual valve, the<br />
combination valve, both regulates flow <strong>and</strong> limits direction <strong>of</strong> flow.<br />
Gate Valves<br />
Gate valves (Figure 11.15) regulate flow only in that they are either fully open or fully<br />
closed. They should not be used for throttling purposes because they produce a highvelocity<br />
water stream when partly closed, resulting in erosion <strong>of</strong> the valve seat. This is<br />
called wiredrawing, <strong>and</strong> will result in leakage when the valve is fully closed. Gate valves<br />
should be used for tight shut<strong>of</strong>f, <strong>and</strong> for servicing equipment. Gate valves allow a<br />
straight-through flow pattern, resulting in low-pressure drop.<br />
Globe Valves<br />
Globe valves (Figure 11.16) can be used in partially open positions <strong>and</strong> therefore can be<br />
used for throttling fluid flow. However, globe valves have high-pressure drops, even<br />
when fully open. Therefore, globe valves can unnecessarily increase the required pump<br />
head, <strong>and</strong> should not be used for balancing. They can, however, be used in water<br />
make-up lines. Note: If globe valves are ever tampered with, or used to shut <strong>of</strong>f a<br />
system, it is difficult to reset the system.<br />
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