Acanthaceae (PDF)

ACANTHACEAE 415gins white ciliolate. Corolla pale purple, 3–3.5 cm, ventricose,outside glabrous, inside glabrous except for trichomes retainingstyle; tube basally cylindric and ca. 2 mm wide for ca. 1 cmthen gradually widened to ca. 1.5 cm at mouth; lobes broadlyobovate, ca. 5 mm, apex emarginate. Stamens 4, included;shorter filament pair ca. 2 mm, glabrous; longer filament pairca. 7 mm, villous; anther thecae oblong, ca. 2 mm; pollen type3. Ovary glabrous; style ca. 2 cm, basally villous. Capsule oblong,1.2–1.4 cm, glabrous, 4-seeded. Seeds ovate in outline, ca.2.5 × 2.5 mm, densely covered with appressed trichomes. Fl.Sep–Dec, fr. Dec–Feb.Hilly limestone areas; 200–500 m. Guangxi, Hainan [Vietnam].82. Strobilanthes cystolithigera Lindau, Bull. Herb. Boissier5: 651. 1897.串 花 马 蓝 chuan hua ma lanPteracanthus botryanthus (D. Fang & H. S. Lo) C. Y. Wu& C. C. Hu; Strobilanthes botryantha D. Fang & H. S. Lo; S.myriostachya D. Fang & H. S. Lo.Subshrubs 1.5–3.5 m tall, isophyllous, drying green. Stems4-angled, sulcate, glabrous. Petiole 0.5–2 cm, sulcate; leaf bladenarrowly elliptic, narrowly ovate, or rarely ovate-elliptic, (2–)4–17 × 1.5–4.5 cm, glabrous, densely covered with linear cystoliths,secondary veins 4–6 on each side of midvein, base cuneateand decurrent onto petiole, margin subentire to irregularlycrenate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences axillary, spikes, 2–6(–12) cm, sometimes branched, (2–)8–14-flowered; peduncle0.5–1.5 cm; bracts elliptic, 4–6 × 3–4 mm, persistent, abaxiallywith prominent cystoliths and frequently a single black squamategland, margin ciliolate, apex obtuse to acute; bracteolesovate-lanceolate, ca. 5 × 1 mm, glabrous except for ciliolatemargin, densely covered with cystoliths, apex acute. Flowers inopposite pairs, ca. 0.5 mm apart on rachis. Calyx 8–10 mm,subequally 5-lobed to base; lobes linear-lanceolate, 5–6 × ca. 1mm, basally overlapping, glabrous, apex obtuse. Corolla purple,3–4.5 cm, slightly curved, outside glabrous, inside glabrous exceptfor trichomes retaining style; tube basally cylindric andnarrow for ca. 1 cm then gradually widened to ca. 1.8 cm atmouth; lobes broadly ovate, ca. 6 × 7 mm, apex rounded. Stamens4, included; filaments pilose, shorter pair ca. 2 mm,longer pair ca. 5 mm; anther thecae oblong, ca. 2 × 1 mm; pollentype 3. Ovary glabrous; style ca. 2.8 cm, hirsute; stigmaglabrous. Capsule oblong, ca. 1.7 cm, glabrous, 4-seeded. Seedsovate in outline, ca. 1 cm, pilose; areola small, glabrous. Fl.Sep–Nov, fr. Dec.Ravines or streamsides on limestone hills; 800–1200 m. Guangxi,Hainan, Yunnan [Vietnam].83. Strobilanthes abbreviata Y. F. Deng & J. R. I. Wood, Bot.J. Linn. Soc. 150: 377. 2006.短 尖 马 蓝 duan jian ma lanShrubs to 3 m tall, isophyllous, drying green. Stems terete,ca. 9 mm in diam., sulcate, striate, glabrous; bark dull brown,smooth. Petiole 1–2.5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade oblong-elliptic,6–25 × 2.5–9 cm, both surfaces glabrous and with numeroussmall cystoliths, abaxially olive-green, adaxially dark green,base long attenuate and decurrent onto petiole, margin serrate,apex tapered, long acuminate, and sometimes falcate. Inflorescencesaxillary, spikes, 2–14 cm, basally rarely with a reducedsecond spike, usually some forming a 30–50 cm leafless panicleof spikes; peduncle 1–3 mm; rachis glabrous; bracts broadlyoblong-obovate, 5–7 × 3–4 mm, concave, rigid, persistent intofruit, abaxially densely covered with cystoliths and dotted withsmall sessile brownish glands and often with larger sticky glandtippedpatches along midvein, apex abruptly truncate and with ashort deciduous mucro; bracteoles lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate,10–13 × 1–2 mm, slightly shorter than calyx, concave,rather rigid, glabrous or (rarely) scurfy along margin, abaxiallydensely covered with cystoliths and with scattered sessile glandssometimes becoming stipitate in fruit, apex obtuse. Flowersarranged in opposite pairs, both usually fertile, basally to 1 cmapart on rachis, apically confluent. Calyx 1.2–1.5 cm, slightlyaccrescent in fruit, subequally 5-lobed to just above base; lobesnarrowly lanceolate, 10–14 × 1–2 mm, glabrous except for apicalglands that sometimes become stipitate, outside non-glandularexcept for a few sessile glands near apex, densely coveredwith cystoliths, apex acute to acuminate. Corolla bluish purple,4–4.5 cm, sometimes apically bent, outside glabrous; tube basallycylindric and ca. 1.5 mm wide for 7–8 mm then ventricoseand widened to ca. 1.5 cm at mouth; lobes ovate, ca. 5 × 5 mm.Stamens 4, included; filaments setose, shorter pair ca. 2 mm,longer pair ca. 4 mm; anther thecae narrowly oblong, ca. 3 ×0.5 mm; pollen type 3. Ovary comose; style ca. 2.5 cm, denselyvillous. Capsule oblong, 17–18 × ca. 3 mm, comose with a fewtrichomes, 4-seeded. Seeds ovate in outline, flattened, denselypilose; areola small, glabrous. Fl. Jun–Oct, fr. Dec–Mar.Forests by streams; 200–1500 m. Yunnan [Cambodia, India,Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].84. Strobilanthes biocullata Y. F. Deng & J. R. I. Wood, Novon20: 406. 2010.湖 南 马 蓝 hu nan ma lanSubshrubs 0.8–2 m tall, gregarious, anisophyllous. Stemssubterete, bisulcate, glabrous. Petiole 1–5 cm, sulcate, glabrous;leaf blade oblong-elliptic to elliptic, smaller of pair 6–12 × 2–4cm and larger ones 13–26 × 4–8 cm, both surfaces glabrous anddensely covered with cystoliths, secondary veins 5–10 on eachside of midvein and prominent on both surfaces, tertiary veinsprominent, base narrowly cuneate, margin serrate, apex acuminate.Inflorescences axillary, simple spikes, (3–)7–10 cm, solitary,leafless; rachis glabrous; bracts ovate, 3.5–5 × 2.5–3 mm,glabrous, abaxially with 2 swollen bulges resembling eyes, apexlong acuminate to mucronate; bracteoles ovate-oblong, ca. 4 × 2mm, somewhat fragile and caducous, glabrous, apex acuminateto mucronate. Flowers in opposite pairs, 1–2 cm apart on rachis.Calyx 1–1.2 cm, sparsely pubescent when young, glabrescent,subequally 5-lobed almost to base; lobes yellowish brown, lanceolate,1-veined, apex long acuminate. Corolla purplish blue,3.5–4 cm, outside glabrous, inside glabrous except for trichomesretaining style; tube basally cylindric and ca. 3 mmwide for 6–11 mm then bent to ca. 90° and gradually widenedto ca. 2 cm at mouth; lobes ovate, ca. 4 × 7 mm, apex emarginate.Stamens 4, included; filaments pilose, shorter pair ca. 3mm, longer pair ca. 1 cm; anther thecae oblong, ca. 3 × 1.2 mm;