Acanthaceae (PDF)

ACANTHACEAE 44116. MACKAYA Harvey, Thes. Cap. 1: 8. 1859, nom. cons., not Arnott (1838),nor Mackaia Gray (1821).太 平 爵 床 属 tai ping jue chuang shuHu Jiaqi ( 胡 嘉 琪 Hu Chia-chi), Deng Yunfei ( 邓 云 飞 ); Thomas F. DanielHerbs, perennial, with cystoliths. Leaves petiolate. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, secund racemes; bracts linear-lanceolate[or narrowly deltoid]; bracteoles 2, borne at base of pedicel. Calyx much shorter than corolla tube, 5-lobed almost to base; lobeslinear-lanceolate. Corolla subactinomorphic; tube basally cylindric, campanulate toward apex; limb 2-lipped, lower lip 3-lobed,upper lip 2-lobed; lobes suborbicular [ovate or oblong], ascending cochlear in bud. Stamens 2, inserted at base of campanulate portionof corolla tube, subincluded; anthers 2-thecous; thecae oblong, dorsally pubescent; staminodes 2, lacking anthers. Disk obsolete.Ovary subellipsoid, with ovules 2 per locule; style subglabrous or pubescent near base; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule (not seen forMackaya tapingensis) stipitate, 2- or 4-seeded; retinacula present. Seeds (not seen for M. tapingensis) somewhat rugose.Three species: disjunctly distributed in Himalayan region and South Africa; one species in China.1. Mackaya tapingensis (W. W. Smith) Y. F. Deng & C. Y. Wu,Novon 19: 308. 2009.太 平 爵 床 tai ping jue chuangEranthemum tapingense W. W. Smith, Notes Roy. Bot.Gard. Edinburgh 10: 177. 1918; Pseuderanthemum tapingense(W. W. Smith) C. Y. Hu & H. S. Lo.Herbs to 1 m tall, perennial. Stems subterete, glabrous orsubglabrous. Petiole 2–3.5 cm, sparsely puberulent or glabrescent;leaf blade lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 12–17 × 3–5(–7) cm, membranous, both surfaces glabrous or glabrescent,abaxially paler, adaxially dark green, secondary veins 8–12 oneach side of midvein, base cuneate, margin entire to undulate,apex acuminate. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, racemes,7–20 cm; peduncle sparsely pilose or glabrescent; bracts linearlanceolate,2–3 mm, pilose or glabrescent; bracteoles linear, ca.1 mm. Pedicel 2–3 mm. Calyx 6–8 mm; lobes linear-lanceolate,3–4 × 1.5–2 mm, glabrous, apex acuminate. Corolla rose, 3–4cm, outside glabrous; tube basally cylindric for ca. 1 cm; lobessuborbicular, 7–12 mm, subequal, margin dentate. Staminal filaments6–12 mm, pilose; anther thecae 4–5 mm, muticous atbase; staminodes 1–4 mm. Ovary glabrous; style ca. 1.8 cm, pubescent.Capsule not seen. Fl. Oct–Jan.Forests; 600–1800 m. Yunnan [Myanmar].17. ISOGLOSSA Oersted, Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn1854: 155. 1854, nom. cons.叉 序 草 属 cha xu cao shuHu Jiaqi ( 胡 嘉 琪 Hu Chia-chi), Deng Yunfei ( 邓 云 飞 ); Thomas F. DanielChingiacanthus Handel-Mazzetti; Ecteinanthus T. Anderson; Leda C. B. Clarke (1908), not Bory (1822) [Algae]; RhytiglossaNees; Strophacanthus Lindau.Shrubs or herbs, with cystoliths, isophyllous or slightly anisophyllous. Leaves petiolate. Inflorescences terminal and/or sometimesaxillary, open panicles or thyrses; bracts small, shorter than calyx. Calyx deeply 5-lobed, lobes similar. Corolla funnel-shaped,2-lipped; lower lip 3-lobed; upper lip shortly 2-lobed, lacking a stylar furrow (i.e., erugulate); lobes ascending cochlear in bud.Stamens 2; anthers 2-thecous; thecae equal or unequal, parallel (to perpendicular), subequally to unequally inserted, base muticous;staminodes absent; pollen 2-pororate [elsewhere also 3-colporate and 6-pseudocolpate]. Ovary with 2 ovules per locule. Capsuleclavate with a solid sterile basal stalk, 4-seeded; retinacula present; septa with attached retinacula remaining attached to inner wall ofmature capsule. Seeds subdiscoid.About 50 species: tropical Africa and Asia; two species (one endemic) in China.1a. Calyx lobes subulate, widest at base; inflorescence long branched, widely paniculate ................................................... 1. I. collina1b. Calyx lobes spatulate-oblanceolate, widest above middle; inflorescence shortly branched, narrowly paniculate orthyrsoid ............................................................................................................................................................................... 2. I. glabra1. Isoglossa collina (T. Anderson) B. Hansen, Nordic J. Bot. 5:12. 1985.叉 序 草 cha xu caoJusticia collina T. Anderson, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 9: 515.1867; Chingiacanthus patulus Handel-Mazzetti; Dianthera collina(T. Anderson) C. B. Clarke; D. sinensis W. W. Smith.Herbs 40–100 cm tall. Stems prostrate and rooting at basebut apically erect, terete, slender, slightly puberulent whenyoung, later glabrescent. Petiole 1–3 cm, brownish pubescent;leaf blade ovate to ovate-elliptic, 3.5–11 × 2–4.8 cm, abaxiallysparsely puberulent especially along veins, adaxially glabrous,secondary veins 5–7 on each side of midvein, base cuneate oron uppermost leaves rounded, margin ± entire, apex acuminate.Inflorescences terminal or axillary from upper leaf axils, panicles,5–18 × 3–10 cm; rachis gland-tipped puberulent or subgla-