Acanthaceae (PDF)

ACANTHACEAE 447trorsely pubescent. Petiole 1.5–2 cm, pubescent; leaf bladeovate, 6–10 × 2.5–3.5 cm, papery, both surfaces glabrous,secondary veins 10–12 on each side of midvein and netted nearmargin, base attenuate and slightly decurrent onto petiole, marginentire, apex acuminate. Spikes terminal or axillary, to 8 cm,1-sided; bracts 4-ranked; sterile bracts ovate, 10–12 × 5–6 mm,hyaline margin broad, apex acuminate; bracts fertile, elliptic,ca. 9 × 3 mm, margin hyaline; bracteoles elliptic, ca. 6.5 × 3mm. Calyx ca. 7 mm; lobes linear, slightly scabrid, apex acuminate.Corolla ca. 1 cm, outside pilose. Staminal filaments glabrous;anther thecae ovoid. Ovary hirsute; style glabrous. Capsuleca. 9 mm, tomentose. Fl. Nov–Dec, fr. Jan–Mar.● Thickets, valleys, streamsides; 400–1000 m. Yunnan.15. Rungia taiwanensis T. Yamazaki, J. Jap. Bot. 43: 61. 1968.台 湾 明 萼 草 tai wan ming e caoHerbs 30–50 cm tall. Stems prostrate and rooting at nodeson basal portion, bifariously hirsute. Petiole 1–3 cm, pubescent;leaf blade ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 2.5–8 × 2.1–3.5cm, membranous, glabrous, secondary veins 4–7 on each sideof midvein, base cuneate to attenuate, margin entire or slightlyundulate, apex acuminate. Spikes terminal or axillary, to 4 cm,often solitary; peduncle 1–2 cm; bracts 4-ranked; sterile bractsoblong-lanceolate, 8–9 × 2–3 mm, hyaline margin narrow andciliate; fertile bracts ovate to ovate-lanceolate, hyaline marginbroad and ciliate; bracteoles ovate, ca. 6 × 3.5 mm. Calyx ca. 5mm, 5-lobed almost to base; lobes lanceolate. Corolla blue, ca.1.5 cm, outside slightly gland-tipped pubescent; throat ca. 3mm; lower lip 3-lobed; upper lip broad. Stamens exserted; filamentsca. 5 mm, glabrous. Ovary glabrous; style ca. 1 cm, glabrous.Capsule ovoid, ca. 6 mm. Seeds suborbicular, ca. 1.5 ×1.5 mm, minutely tuberculate.● Thickets, streamsides; 1000–1500 m. Taiwan.16. Rungia hirpex Benoist, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., sér. 2,2: 149. 1930.金 沙 鼠 尾 黄 jin sha shu wei huangHerbs to 60 cm tall. Stems 4-angled, sulcate, bifariouslypubescent along sulcae. Petiole 1–3 cm, pubescent; leaf bladeovate to oblong, 2.5–9 × 1.5–4.5 cm, slightly pubescent alongveins, secondary veins 3–5 on each side of midvein and inconspicuous,base cuneate and decurrent onto petiole, margin entireand ciliate, apex acuminate. Spikes terminal, 3–5 cm; bractshomomorphic but sterile ones slightly larger than fertile ones,lanceolate-linear, 10–14 × 2–2.5 mm, abaxially pubescent, marginciliate, apex acute; bracteoles oblong-lanceolate, ca. 6 × 2mm, margin ciliate, apex acuminate. Calyx 5-lobed almost tobase; lobes linear, ca. 5 × 2 mm, glabrous, apex acute. Corollaca. 1.4 cm; tube cylindric; lower lip ca. 2 × 3 mm, 3-lobed,lobes ovate and apex rounded; upper lip 2-lobed. Stamenswhite, ca. 4 mm, glabrous. Ovary glabrous. Capsule 7–8 mm,glabrous. Seeds ovate in outline, ca. 1 mm in diam. Fl. Aug–Oct, fr. Oct–Dec.● Streamsides; 500–600 m. Yunnan.21. LEPTOSTACHYA Nees in Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 76, 105. 1832, nom. cons. prop.,not Leptostachia Adanson (1763).纤 穗 爵 床 属 xian sui jue chuang shuHu Jiaqi ( 胡 嘉 琪 Hu Chia-chi), Deng Yunfei ( 邓 云 飞 ); Thomas F. DanielHerbs, perennial with cystoliths. Leaves petiolate. Inflorescences a panicle of spikes, usually reduced to a single terminal spike;bracts mostly shorter than calyx; bracteoles linear, minute. Calyx deeply 5-lobed, lobes similar (or posterior lobe shorter). Corollatube cylindric, short; limb 2-lipped; lower lip 3-lobed; upper lip emarginate and galeate, lacking a stylar furrow; lobes ascendingcochlear in bud. Stamens 2; anthers 2-thecous; thecae equally to subequally inserted, parallel, muticous at base; staminodes 0. Pollen3–5-aperturate. Ovary with 2 ovules per locule. Capsule clavate with a solid sterile stalk at base, 4-seeded; retinacula present, notrising from base. Seeds lenticular.One species: tropical Asia.The genus is similar to Justicia but differs from it by the combination of its muticous anthers, galeate upper lip of the corolla, and lack of a stylarfurrow (rugula) on the upper lip. B. Hansen (Nordic J. Bot. 5: 469–473. 1985) discussed typification, taxonomy, and morphological/geographicvariation of this genus.1. Leptostachya wallichii Nees in Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3:105. 1832.纤 穗 爵 床 xian sui jue chuangCodonacanthus spicatus Handel-Mazzetti; Dianthera leptostachyaC. B. Clarke; Justicia wallichii (Nees) T. Anderson;Odontonemella leptostachya (C. B. Clarke) Lindau; Ptyssiglottisleptostachya (C. B. Clarke) S. Moore.Herbs 30–100 cm tall. Stems prostrate at base then ascending.Branches subterete, striate, bifariously pubescent thenglabrescent. Petiole 1.5–4 cm, puberulent; leaf blade ovate, lanceolate,or elliptic, 2–11(–17) × 1–5 cm, abaxially subglabrousexcept sparsely pubescent on margin and veins, adaxiallyglabrous or with few scattered trichomes, secondary veins 4–7on each side of midvein, base rounded to broadly cuneate, marginentire, apex acute. Inflorescences with 1–3 spikes, 4–12 cm;rachis gland-tipped pubescent; bracts oblong-lanceolate, oblanceolate,or obovate, 1.2–2.5 mm; bracteoles lanceolate, 1–3mm, apex acute. Calyx 2.5–3 mm; lobes subulate, outsidegland-tipped pubescent. Corolla white, 5–8 mm, outside pilose;tube basal portion narrowly cylindric, 4–5 × ca. 0.5 mm; lobesof lower lip triangular-ovate, subequal. Stamens inserted in co-