Acanthaceae (PDF)

422ACANTHACEAE105. Strobilanthes lamiifolia (Nees) T. Anderson, J. Linn.Soc., Bot. 9: 476. 1867.蒙 自 马 蓝 meng zi ma lanGoldfussia lamiifolia Nees in Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 88.1832; G. austinii (C. B. Clarke ex W. W. Smith) Bremekamp; G.feddei (H. Léveillé) E. Hossain; G. hancockii (C. B. Clarke exW. W. Smith) Bremekamp; G. mahongensis (H. Léveillé) E.Hossain; G. rotundifolia (D. Don) Bremekamp; Ruellia rotundifoliaD. Don; Strobilanthes austinii C. B. Clarke ex W. W.Smith; S. feddei H. Léveillé; S. hancockii C. B. Clarke ex W. W.Smith; S. mahongensis H. Léveillé.Herbs 30–60 cm tall, erect, much branched, isophyllous.Stems slender, decumbent and often rooting at nodes, bifariouslypilose or glabrescent. Petiole 0–3 cm but apically leavessessile, densely yellowish brown pilose; leaf blade elliptic,ovate, obovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 1–7(–11) × 1–4(–6) cm,abaxially glabrous or pilose, adaxially dark green and glabrousor sparsely pilose, secondary veins 4–7 on each side of midvein,base cuneate and often decurrent onto petiole, margin serrulateto crenulate, apex acute. Inflorescences terminal or axillaryfrom apical leaf axils, spikes, 2–5 cm; peduncle 0–6 cm,pubescent; sterile bracts resembling reduced leaves; floral bractsimbricate, oblong to ovate-elliptic, 1.1–2.5 cm, concave, caducousor somewhat persistent after flowering, dull green, abaxiallypubescent and covered with cystoliths, margin usuallycrenulate; bracteoles narrowly oblong-elliptic, 6–7 × 1–2 mm,scarious and caducous, abaxially puberulent. Calyx 0.8–1.4 cm,outside gland-tipped ciliate, 5-lobed almost to base; lobes linear-oblongwith one distinctly longer than others, apex acute.Corolla purplish red to blue, 3.5–5 cm, ventricose, outside pubescent;tube basally cylindric and ca. 2 mm wide for ca. 1.2cm then slightly curved and gradually widened to ca. 1.2 cm atmouth; lobes orbicular, 5–6 mm in diam. Stamens 4, included;filaments subglabrous, shorter pair ca. 2 mm and strongly reflexed,longer pair ca. 7 mm; anther thecae subspherical, ca. 1.2mm; pollen type 3. Ovary comose; style 3.2–3.5 cm. Capsulefusiform, ca. 1.2 cm, glabrous except for few trichomes at tip,4-seeded. Seeds light brown, ovate in outline, ca. 2.5 × 2 mm,densely pubescent; areola small, glabrous. Fl. Aug–Nov.Dry grasslands and open Pinus forests; 1000–2600 m. Guizhou,Sichuan, SE Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Nepal].Strobilanthes lamiifolia was misidentified as S. oligocephala byQ. H. Chen (Fl. Guizhou. 10: 257. 2004).106. Strobilanthes penstemonoides (Nees) T. Anderson, J.Linn. Soc., Bot. 9: 477. 1867 [“pentstemonoides”].圆 苞 马 蓝 yuan bao ma lanGoldfussia penstemonoides Nees in Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar.3: 88. 1832 [“pentastemonoides”]; G. flexuosa Nees; Ruelliacapitata Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don.Herbs to 1 m tall, anisophyllous. Stems 4-angled, sulcate,subglabrous. Leaves subsessile; leaf blade elliptic to ellipticlanceolate,4–15 × 1–4 cm, abaxially glabrous but sometimespubescent along veins, adaxially glabrous, secondary veins 5–7on each side of midvein, base cuneate, margin serrulate, apexacute. Inflorescences terminal, abbreviated headlike spikes, simpleor 3-furcately branched, sometimes with 1 or a few distantflowers; peduncle gland-tipped pilose; bracts orbicular, 6–9 mmin diam., unequal in size, soon scarious and caducous, glabrous;bracteoles absent. Calyx 0.5–1.2 cm, strongly accrescent infruit, 5-lobed almost to base; lobes linear, unequal with oneslightly longer than others, outside gland-tipped pilose. Corollaviolet, ca. 3.5 cm, slightly curved, outside glabrous, inside glabrousexcept for trichomes retaining style; tube basally cylindricand ca. 2 mm wide for ca. 8 mm then gradually widened toca. 1.2 cm at mouth; lobes ovate, ca. 4 × 4 mm. Stamens 4,included; filaments subglabrous, shorter pair ca. 4 mm andcurved, longer pair 7–8 mm; anther thecae spherical, ca. 1.3mm in diam., incurved; pollen type 3. Ovary pilose at tip; styleca. 2.8 cm, sparsely hirsute. Capsule clavate, ca. 1.2 cm, glandtippedpubescent, 4-seeded. Seeds suborbicular in outline, ca.2.5 mm in diam., pubescent. Fl. Aug–Nov, fr. Sep–Dec.Mountain slopes; 2100–2300 m. SE Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India,Nepal].107. Strobilanthes ningmingensis D. Fang & H. S. Lo, Guihaia17: 39. 1997.宁 明 马 蓝 ning ming ma lanGoldfussia ningmingensis (D. Fang & H. S. Lo) C. Y. Wuex C. C. Hu.Herbs or subshrubs, to 40 cm tall, branched, anisophyllous.Stems 4-angled, sulcate, glabrous except for pubescentnodes. Petiole 3–7 cm; leaf blade ovate-elliptic, smaller of pair1–1.7 × 0.7–1.2 cm and larger one 3–5.5 × 2–3 cm, both surfacesglabrous, abaxially cystoliths prominent, whitish, anddense along veins, adaxially with prominent linear cystoliths,secondary veins 4–6 on each side of midvein, base subrounded,margin serrulate, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences axillaryor terminal, headlike simple spikes, 3- or 4-flowered; peduncleca. 3 cm, apically thickened; bracts elliptic, 6–12 mm,caducous, abaxially densely covered with cystoliths, marginciliate, apex acute; bracteoles linear, ca. 5 × 1 mm, caducous,abaxially sparsely hirsute. Calyx 5-lobed almost to base; lobesoblong-elliptic, 6–7 × ca. 1.5 mm, slightly unequal with onelonger than others, outside glabrous, margin ciliate. Corollapurple, ca. 4 cm, ventricose, outside glabrous, inside glabrousexcept for trichomes retaining style; tube basally cylindric andca. 2.5 mm wide for ca. 1.2 cm then gradually widened to ca.1.3 cm at mouth; lobes orbicular, ca. 6 mm in diam., apexemarginate. Stamens 4, included; filaments glabrous; shorter filamentpair ca. 3 mm, equal, incurved; longer filament pair6–8 mm, unequal, erect; anther thecae subspherical, ca. 1.3 mmin diam., nodding. Ovary sparsely gland-tipped pilose at tip;style ca. 3 cm, sparsely gland-tipped pilose at base. Capsulenot seen. Fl. Dec.● Limestone hills; 200–300 m. Guangxi (Ningming).Known only from the type, Strobilanthes ningmingensis is veryclose to, and may be conspecific with, the very variable S. dimorphotricha,differing only in the non-glandular calyx, which may be only adevelopment stage.