Chemical and toxicological properties of coal fly ash - University of ...

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Table 32. The mean final lengths and weights of adult fathead minnows used in the bioaccumulation experiments.Mean lengthMean weightSample (mm) F valuea (9) F valuedControl -AControl-BaResults of the analysis of variance indicate that if F(1,8)than 3.46, the replicates are significantly different.b~nsufficient data for statistical analysis.is greaterTable 33. Final mean total lengths and weights of adult fathead minnows exposed to extracts from five fly ashes anda control.Me an St andard Me an St andardSample N length (mm) deviation weight (g) deviationControl 10 49.9 4.0 1.305 0.373W2 10 52.1 3.6 1.515 0- 456I3 7 51 -4 3.5 1.433 0.123IS 10 51 -2 5.0 1.398 0.51 0I7 6 51.7 8. 2 1.522 0.563I2 10 47.9 4.6 1.135 0.453Table 34. Final mean total lengths and weights of juvenile green sunfish exposed to extracts from five fly ashes anda control.Me anSt andardSamp 1 e .N length (mm) deviationControl 10 56.0 6.6W2 10 54.3 6-3I3 10 54.4 4.4I8 10 55.1 6.1I7 10 59.9 7.1I2 10 58.5 6.3Me anweight (g)2.9972.6372.5892.6613.6963.380Standarddeviation
controls were essentially the same length and weight as those exposed tothe extracts (Table 35). Furthermore, when the differences between i niti a1and final mean lengths and weights for fathead minnows (Table 36) and greensunfish (Table 37) were compared, the growth of the control andexperimental animals was approximately the same. Only the fathead minnowsexposed to I3 and I2 extracts grew appreciably less than the controls, butthe differences were not significant.Table 35. Comparison of the mean final lengths and weights between the control test organisms and the organismsexposed to fly ash extracts.Green sunfishaFathead minnowa1 ength weight length weightControl vs ~ 2 b 0.31 3 0.457 1.503 1 .I41Control vs I3 0.368 0.773 0.585 0.446Control vs I8 0.091 0. 508 0.369 0.195Control vs 17 1.467 1.447 0.291 0-516Control vs I2 2.676 0.470 0.968 0.753aThe values listed are F(1 18) values generated by one-way analysisof variance. If the F value is greater then 3.01, the means aresignificantly different.b~ = 10 for each test and control group, except for I3 fathead minnows,N = 7, and for I7 fathead minnows, N = 6.Table 36. Differences between initial and final mean lengths and weights of adult fathead minnows exposed to extractsfrom five fly ashes and a control.Control +2.0W2 +2.3I3 +0.6I8 +1.9I7 4-2.3I2 4-0. 1Di fference i nDifference inmean length Percent increase mean weight Percent increase(mm) in mean length (9) in mean weightTable 37. Differences between initial and final mean lengths and weights of juvenile green sunfish exposed to extractsfrom five fly ashes and a control.Di fferences inDi ff erences i nmean length Percent increase mean weight Percent increase(mm) in mean length (9) in mean weightControl +7.8 16.2W2 +6.2 12.9I3 +5.5 11.2I8 +6.3 12.9I7 +8.8 17.2I2 +7.6 14.9
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lllinoiSTATSTAT
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V SURVEYatural Resources Building60
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TABLESSummary of the origin and gen
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The overall purpose of this investi
Page 9 and 10: steady state conditions in the disp
Page 11 and 12: total carbon determinations were ca
Page 13 and 14: y passing the extract through a col
Page 15 and 16: The GC-MS analyses were performed b
Page 17 and 18: with ultrapure water. The final HCl
Page 19 and 20: Be 3. Wlir~eraiogical composi'tion
Page 21 and 22: Table 6. Trace constituent concentr
Page 23 and 24: Table 7. Fly ash sample classificat
Page 25 and 26: Table 8. Carbon, sulfur, and benzen
Page 27 and 28: Wave number (cm-'Figure 8. Infrared
Page 29 and 30: Figure 12. HPLC chromatogram of the
Page 31 and 32: Figure 16. HPLC chromatogram of the
Page 34 and 35: Table 11. Organic components in the
Page 36 and 37: Figure 21. Gas chromatogram of the
Page 38 and 39: 4.Jrcrm c o mQU"* 'tn U.a-U U O NrO
Page 40 and 41: constituents. The amount of soluble
Page 42 and 43: Table 14. Change in chemical compos
Page 44 and 45: Table 16. Change in chemical compos
Page 46 and 47: Change in chemical composition as a
Page 48 and 49: Figure 26. Changes in the concentra
Page 50 and 51: Table 19. Corytituents in the long-
Page 52 and 53: Table 21. The LC-50 values, amount
Page 54 and 55: Table 23. The range of concentratio
Page 56 and 57: Table 25. The range of concentratio
Page 58 and 59: Table 27. The mean initial lengths
Page 62 and 63: Several of the extrbivalves ( ~ are
Page 64 and 65: The mean concentrations of various
Page 66 and 67: 1972). Cadmium is a dangerous cumul
Page 68 and 69: Bl umer, M., 1957, Removal of eleme
Page 70 and 71: Furr, A. K-, T. F, Parkinson, R. A.
Page 72 and 73: Murtha, M. J., and G. Burnet, 1979,
Page 74 and 75: Standard methods for examination of
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