traditional knowledge conference 2008 te tatau pounamu

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Watson, I. (2008, in press). Sovereign spaces: Caring for country and the homeless position ofAboriginal peoples. South Atlantic Quarterly.Windschuttle, K. (2002). The fabrication of Aboriginal history: Volume one: Van Diemen’s land 1803–1847. Adelaide, SA: Wakefield Press.Wohlan, C. (2005). Aboriginal women’s interests in customary law recognition. Background Paper No.11, Law Reform Commission of Western Australia.Zizek, S. (2006). How to read Lacan. London: Granata Books.Zizek, S. (2008). Violence. London: Profile Books.45
Te Whānau Āwhina:A Māori Model of Restorative Justice for the WorldPita SharplesCo-Leader of the Māori PartyWhen I went to school, I learnt that Captain James Cook “discovered” New Zealand. To honour ourdiscovery or, rather, being discovered, we have in New Zealand James Cook Hospital, James CookCollege, James Cook Hotel and James Cook …. I learnt about many things in school such as the MagnaCarta, Cavaliers and Roundheads, King Henry VIII, the Vikings of Norway, Robin Hood of Sherwood,Vasco da Gama, the French Revolution, the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus whothought it was India, the Boston Tea Party, Guy Fawkes, King Arthur, the Knights of the Round Tableand, of course, Anthony and Cleopatra.At school I did not learn about Te Whatuiāpiti (founding ancestor of Ngāi Te Whatuiāpiti, HawkesBay tribe). I did not know that I was a Polynesian, a child of the Pacific. Our New Zealand history inmy school began with Captain Cook and I and my Māori people were left out. We were a non-historicalevent. We were invisible. Oops, I tell a lie. We did emerge in an event called the Māori Wars. Thesewere a series of conflicts where, as the teaching went, the good Māoris supported the colonizingsoldiers to fight the bad Māoris, who were obstructing the Government’s land acquisition programme.History taught me that the colonizers won all the battles. We know, of course, that the Governmentstole those lands, that we lost no wars and that, today, successive governments are still struggling tocompensate the tribes for that land theft. They have not learned anything because the left hand is takingthe foreshore and seabed while the right hand is paying out on those other confiscations.Anyway, ladies and gentlemen, I am talking about colonization. I am talking about the impositionof a colonial settler’s culture and way of life on top of the traditional way of life and customs of theindigenous inhabitants of the land. Colonization happened all over the world: Argentina, Australia,South Africa, North America, Hawai‘i and here in New Zealand. So how did Cook manage to discoverNew Zealand when our people had been living here for one and a half millennia before he arrived?Colonization is a process that not only subordinates the indigenous culture but, by its very process,serves to negativize it as well. For example, in New Zealand the early government schools brought newcustoms―the preferred behaviour―into every school village. Imagine that! Such practices wereintroduced as compulsory by the village school teacher and his family, who were Pākehā (NewZealanders of European descent) and white. White behaviour became right behaviour and, by contrast,Māori behaviour became wrong. Invariably “Sir” and even “Mrs Sir” and the little “sirs” lived like godsamongst the Māori communities. Colonization was a process that stole our sovereignty over our land. Iteither destroyed or subordinated our spiritual and cultural beliefs and customs. It suppressed ourtraditional world view and replaced our culture with a new set of values and customs that were foreignto us and within which we became second class in our own islands.Even worse, colonization continues today. It is in our minds. It is present in the choices we make.To seek a measure of self-determination as people of this place, we need to recognize the historicaldestruction of our world view. We need to recognize and acknowledge the toll that colonization hastaken upon our language and culture. If we are able to do this, we are in a great position to reconstructour worldview for today’s times. To begin with, it is so easy for us as Māori, as Polynesian, to feel ouridentity with our seas, our oceans, our islands and with each other as Polynesian nations, as Polynesianrelations. As Māori we have a cultural and spiritual history of living in the Pacific for hundreds of years.We must reinforce this heritage, this unique understanding of what Māori call tangata whenua (peopleof the land) or iwi taketake (indigenous people).46
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New Zealand’s Mäori Centre of Re
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Te Tatau Pounamu: The Greenstone Do
Page 6 and 7: MihiAnei rā a manawa e ngunguru, e
Page 8 and 9: Table of ContentsForewordJoseph Te
Page 10: Tikanga and Technology: A New Net G
Page 14 and 15: PART APRESENTATIONS BY INVITED SPEA
Page 16 and 17: Te Miringa jointly edited, with Gre
Page 18 and 19: plant’s cycle of life. Patricio i
Page 20 and 21: Through Puralia Consultancy, he has
Page 22 and 23: Opening AddressLinda SmithNgāti Aw
Page 24 and 25: system, they had a deeply entrenche
Page 26 and 27: Takaparawhau: Bastion Point:An Exam
Page 28 and 29: get us off our papakāinga (village
Page 30 and 31: eating burnt offerings. That was Ba
Page 32 and 33: mean that a lot of others were not
Page 34 and 35: Maungārongo: Non-Violent ActionTe
Page 36 and 37: He Poroporoakī ki a Te Hau-o-te-ra
Page 38 and 39: Restoring the Nation:Removing the C
Page 40 and 41: were expecting the manuhiri (visito
Page 42 and 43: When our students walked from Whaiw
Page 44 and 45: parents for a while and then said w
Page 46 and 47: A Journey Away from Violenceto a Pl
Page 48 and 49: But on the other side, the Australi
Page 50 and 51: tied to the idea of progress or the
Page 52 and 53: not provide any greater benefit to
Page 54 and 55: The foundation of the colonial proj
Page 58 and 59: It is about knowing who we are, whe
Page 60 and 61: it acknowledges the imbalance of th
Page 62 and 63: food. Quick, quick!” We had some
Page 64 and 65: Harvesting Peace from a Field of Co
Page 66 and 67: international corporation by itself
Page 68 and 69: think it is a tradition to keep the
Page 70 and 71: A Jade Door: Reconciliatory Justice
Page 72 and 73: children. As early as seven-years o
Page 74 and 75: owned only 90,000 acres. Since it w
Page 76 and 77: A Māori Framework for Family Viole
Page 78 and 79: that we talked about, we are consta
Page 80 and 81: manamanaakitangamaraeorangapūteara
Page 82 and 83: I have been schooled from when I wa
Page 84 and 85: So, my work has been around liberat
Page 86 and 87: Finally: peacemaking, reconciliatio
Page 88 and 89: churns out crap and chalks up the n
Page 90 and 91: “Indigenes” in Dialogue: Reflec
Page 92 and 93: done three or four years ago, his c
Page 94 and 95: Examples of the exclusion of Samoan
Page 96 and 97: The first question resurfaced, espe
Page 98 and 99: have inherited and continue to expr
Page 100 and 101: principal home of whānau, hapū an
Page 102 and 103: i Rangiātea, the seed broadcast fr
Page 104 and 105: Preventing the Effects of the“Col
Page 106 and 107:
In Australia we have got big proble
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Figure 3. View from Cape Barren Isl
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communities and give our young peop
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SemisiFor me, talanoa has been a pr
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make decisions, you realize that yo
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e lelei.” I will give an example
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the great dreams of humankind must
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stories maintain in a visible way t
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From our perspective in contemporar
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Working Hard to Make Stubborn Issue
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of argument rather than the argumen
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Once again, Don McKinnon rang me up
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Concluding AddressMichael WalkerWha
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PART BVARIOUS PAPERS PRESENTED TO T
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Rongoā Māori PracticeAlthough an
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practice should be sustained is not
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the transmission of knowledge, ackn
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orangaPākehārākauritengaromi(rom
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Indigenous Knowledge:Traditional Re
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Colonial TraditionsHowever, the col
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esponses can be more effective for
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Table 33. Defining the problemsInte
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ConclusionCurrent research and educ
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O’Sullivan, D. (2007). Beyond bic
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On the 19th anniversary of my mothe
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teenager; I thought I was getting p
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Traditional Knowledge and Decision
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ather than rapid (Aquaculture New Z
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the area of personal health and gen
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Walker, 2005). This fuller expressi
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e the best protection this country
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Morgan, T. (2004, July). A tangata
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“Our own” GameNowhere was the n
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and Tonga rosters. By 2003, however
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Manu (Samoa)palagivanuayaqonarefers
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Indigenous Strategies for Self-Repr
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and the subject of much popular and
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year-old father of three from Taveu
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indigenous children, as nearly all
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He Kōrero mo tētahi o ngā Waiata
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Ko te nuinga o ngā waiata tawhito
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Rārangi 6:Ki taku mōhio, i whatun
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Brief Background on Australia’s P
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local institution official characte
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approved a new constitution that ma
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Kaupapa Māori Entrepreneurship:Tra
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New Zealand was and continues to be
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to existing systems and even result
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I describe ethnic fundamentalism or
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However, the following categories w
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Frederick, H., & Carswell, P. (2001
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He Kākano: Māori Views and Experi
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diagnosis (PGD). 2 Toi te Taiao (Bi
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Right Relationships with the Earth:
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EconomicsNeoclassical economics is
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EvaluationThere are flaws with many
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Many people will die, and many more
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Wackernagel, M., Wermer, P., & Gold
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The empirical research was carried
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esponsibilities as whānau, hapū (
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We teach Indigenous theories within
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For too long, however, indigenous p
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Indigenous Partnership Strategies i
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administrative level through to the
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continues to receive Touch funding
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kura kaupapa Māorimanamaraepapakā
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(youth) mātua (adults) to kaumātu
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A - focus, attention, driving force
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“Thinking of our students reminds
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kaiārahiguidekaimahiworkerkarakiaa
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Frameworks for Traditional Māori K
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Many authors have written about the
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Te WānangaWānangaTraditional Know
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Takepū: Principled Approaches to H
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activities. Therefore takepū can b
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process is for definitions and inte
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mauri tūmauri nohomauri matengāka
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associated with contemporary techno
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directing and developing technologi
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Are Mātauranga Māori and Emerging
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The Complementarity of Wānanga and
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We graduated as different people. T
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some unease about sex selection for
Page 272 and 273:
Māori Grandparents:Raising Mokopun
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grandparents who were raising mokop
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on the numbers of Māori children w
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the ngākau which is recognized thr
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lost tūrangawaewae through the col
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An Indigenous Commentary on the Sta
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The Drive to Standardize Restorativ
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indigenous position would be to adv
Page 288 and 289:
If our programmes are based on tika
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Rudin, J. (2003, October). Pushing
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are deteriorating due to the interv
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for Social Science (SPSS) program,
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Utilization of the Users’ Group F
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Gurung, H., & Harris, P. (1988, Aug
Page 300 and 301:
Conflict in Western Nepal: Its Caus
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analysis (2005) showed that the mai
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eing paid as cadres in the party. B
Page 306 and 307:
He Ara Whanaungatanga:A Pathway Tow
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Culturally Appropriate Research Met
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succession to land interests employ
Page 312 and 313:
ways in which they wanted it presen
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ReferencesApou, M. (2003). Ko te ah
Page 316 and 317:
Pupuruhia Tō Manawaroa: Holding St
Page 318 and 319:
in kappa haka, they are expanding l
Page 320 and 321:
heirlooms, such as patu pounamu, we
Page 322 and 323:
proficient in marae etiquette) and
Page 324:
ReferencesBiddulph, F., Biddulph, J
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