radiolaria - Marum

Radiolaria 14 Bibliography - 1989
which are not appropriate for phylogenetic classification. These
polyphyletic and paraphyletic taxa are redefined to be monophyletic.
On the other hand, the analysis shows some parallelisms which are
relatively frequent in Hagiastridae, and the analyse defined the
universality level of characters.
Kojima, S. 1989. Mesozoic terrane accretion in Northeast
China, Sikhote-Alin and Japan regions. Palaeogeogr.
Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 69, 213-232.
The Nadanhada Range in Northeast China is composed of upper
Paleozoic limestone, greenstone, middle to late Triassic bedded
chert, and middle Jurassic siliceous shale; these rocks are enclosed
in post-middle Jurassic clastic rocks. The lithologic association,
ages, radiolarian assemblages and geologic structure of the
Nadanhada Range are very similar to those of the Tamba Mino-Ashio
terrane in Southwest Japan. This indicates that the Nadanhada Range
is the northern extension of the Tamba Mino-Ashio terrane.
Mesozoic tectonostratigraphic terranes identified in Northeast
China, Sikhote-Alin and Southwest Japan are: the Khanka terrane (a
micro-continent composed of Precambrian metamorphic rocks and
Paleozoic to Mesozoic sedimentary and volcanic covers), the
Nadanhada Western Sikhote-Alin terrane (a disrupted terrane
composed of upper Paleozoic to Jurassic sedimentary rocks), the
Eastern Sikhote-Alin terrane (a terrane composed mainly of early
Cretaceous clastics), the Tetyukhe terrane (a disrupted terrane
composed of upper Paleozoic to early Cretaceous sedimentary
rocks), the Hida terrane (a continent-type stratigraphic terrane
composed of Precambrian and upper Paleozoic basement covered
with Jurassic to Cretaceous coarse clastics), and the Tamba Mino
Ashio terrane (a disrupted terrane composed of upper Paleozoic to
earliest Cretaceous sedimentary rocks). Accretionary history of
these terranes is discussed on the basis of paleomagnetic and
paleobiogeographic data.
Kojima, S., Mizutani, S., Nagai, H., Saito, M.,
Tsukamoto, H. & Yogo, M. 1989. Design and
utilization of the data base system for radiolarian fossils in
the Nagoya University Museum. Bull. Nagoya Univ.,
Furukawa Mus., spec. Rep., 1, 1-192.
The data base system is designed for the collection of
radiolarian fossils in the Nagoya University Museum, which includes
(1) radiolarian fossils mounted on the SEM holders, (2) rock
specimens from which the radiolarian fossils are extracted, (3) JMP
cards (locality description cards), and (4) radiolarian
photomicrographs and their negative films. The number of the
photomicrographs attains to 50,000 at the end of 1988.
Alphanumeric data concerned with these materials, such as register
number, photograph number, SEM holder number, fossil positioning
number on the holder, JMP card number, rock specimen number,
lithology of rock specimen, locality name, and name of person who
extracts the fossil, are recorded for each photomicrograph in 144
bytes memory space of the Nagoya University Computation Center
(NUCC); part of the data are coded and others are written in a free
format. A software package is developed for inputting, listing and
retrieving these data. Personal computers (PC9801 series of NEC
Co.) and software (The CARD2 of ASCII Co.) are employed for
personal use of the data, and the utility programs for data
conversion and data transmission between the data of the NUCC and
those of the Personal computers are developed. Manuals and original
programs of this data base system are also described.
Kolar-Jurkovsek, T. 1989. New Radiolaria from the
Ladinian substage (Middle Triassic) of Slovenia (NW
Yugoslavia). N. Jb. Geol. Paläont., Mh., 3, 155-165.
From the Ladinian beds of Slovenia are described Bogdanella n.
g. and seven new species of radiolaria: Pseudostylosphera slovenica
n. sp., P. sudari n. sp., Sepsagon ? aequispinosus n. sp., Pterospongus
bogdani n. sp., Bogdanella trentana n. g. n. sp., Pentaspongodiscus
julicus n. sp. and Praeheliostaurus undulatus n. sp.
Konstantinovskaya, Y.A. 1989. Exotic sedimentary
breccias of the Ozernoy Peninsula (East Kamchatka) and their
tectonic significance. Geotectonics, 23/5, 451-455.
Kozur, H. & Mostler, H. 1989. Radiolarien und
schwammsleren aus dem Unterperm des Vorurals. Geol.
Pälont. Mitt. Innsbruck, 2, 147-275.
Rich radiolarian faunas are described from the Sarabil
Formation (Upper Tastubian, higher part of Lower Sakmarian) and
from the Koshelev Formation (basal part of Upper Kungurian) of the
Cis-Ural. Many well preserved sponge spicules which are present in
the Sarabil Formation are described as well. The Sakmarian
radiolarian and sponge faunas are well dated by ammonoids and
conodonts. Also the Koshelev Formation yielded ammonoids and
- 35 -
conodonts, placed into the Kungurian by all workers of these fossil
groups. NAZAROV & ORMISTON (1985) placed the Koshelev
Formation without paleontological evidences into the Late
Artinskian. Therefore the stratigraphic position of the Koshelev
Formation had to be discussed in detail. In the radiolarian taxonomic
part some general problems of the taxonomy of Paleozoic
radiolarians are discussed on concrete examples. 7 families, one
subfamily, 19 genera, 2 subgenera, 36 species and 3 subspecies
are established and several formerly described taxa are revised.
Moreover, the Carboniferous and Permian Albaillellacea and the
Permian Ruzhencevispongacea are revised in detail. 9 radiolarian
zones and associations could be discriminated within the time
interval from the uppermost Carboniferous up to the Kungurian of
the Cis-Ural. This Zonation is mainly based on the development
within the Ruzhencevispongacea, but also Albaillellacea and
Entactinaria have been used for this zonation. The Tethyan Permian
could be subdivided into 16 radiolarian zones. They are mainly based
on the rather rapid phylomorphogenetic changes within the
Albaillellacea. Some stratigraphic importance have here also highly
specialized representatives of the Ruzhencevispongacea
(Spumellaria) and some highly specialized Entactinaria. The majority
of the frequent Permian Entactinaria and of the mostly subordinate
Permian Spumellaria are long-living facies fossils that can be used
only for coarse stratigraphic subdivisions. The siliceous spicules
were investigated systematically to reconstruct the sponges being
involved in the composition of the Lower Permian sediments. Within
the 52 types of spicules 13 unknown specimens were found. Within
the 8 orders of Demospongea 5 orders were provable. Lithisthida are
the best represented ones. Within the Hexactinellida Reticulosida as
well as Hexactinosida and Hemidiscosida are respresented. It is
remarkable that the latter ones are far dominating compared with
the Reticulosida. This is to show that many sponges of the
Retticulosida have already become extinct in the Lower Permian and
that they did not reach up to the Permian/Triassic boundary, as
often postulated caused by ignorance about stratigraphy.
Kruglikova, S.B. 1989. Arctic Ocean Radiolarians. In:
The Arctic Seas: climatology, oceanography, geology
andbiology. (Herman, Y., Eds.). Van Nostrand Reinhold, New
York, USA. pp. 461-479.
Radiolaria are unicellular planktonic animals inhabiting all
oceans and seas with lower salinities from 32-38‰ . There is no
record of their occurrence in seas with lower salinity (the Black,
Baltic, and Beloye seas); in near-shore regions the radiolarian
abundance and diversity drop sharply. The vertical distribution of
Radiolaria ranges from surface to abyssal depths with maximum
number of species between 0 m and 200-300 m.
Until recently Radiolaria included all marine protozoans
possessing the characteristic intracellular structure the central
capsule. The radiolarian group includes the Acantharia, the
Spumellaria, the Nassellaria, the Phaeodaria, and the Sticholonchea.
The acantharian skeleton is composed of strontium sulphate and the
Phaeodarian possess siliceous shells With a large admixture of
organic material. The skeletons of Acantharia and the majority of
Phaeodarian dissolve immediately after the cell dies and do not
reach the seafloor. Bottom sediments yield rare Phaeodarian species
belonging to the genera Cadium, Challengeria, Euphysetta, and
Protocystis. Generally sediments contain Spumellaria and
Nassellaria almost exclusively (Polycystina); they possess siliceous
(opaline) skeletons. Spumellaria is represented by single and colonial
organisms (Collosphaerida). Consequently, in the description of
bottom sediments the term Radiolaria refers only to Polycystina; ill
the analysis of radiolarian data obtained from plankton samples our
attention shall be centered on radiolarians. Due to the morphological
features and chemical composition, Acantharia are at present
separated from the typical Radiolaria as a kindred but separate
group. The classification of Stycholonchea as Radiolaria is now
dubious (Petrushevskaya 1981; Anderson, 1983).
Kruglikova, S.B. 1989. Certain aspects of radiolarian
data as evidence of the paleoenvironment. Palaeogeogr.
Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 69/1-2, 303-320.
Different aspects of the ecology and biogeography of
radiolarians are considered as a means of interpreting the
paleoenvironment. The quantitative and spatial distribution of
radiolarians in the sediments of the world ocean are discussed,
including differences between marine and oceanic thanatocoenoses,
relations between species and high rank associations of radiolarians
and fluctuation of climate, areal changes of some species with time,
etc.
Kurimoto, C. 1989. Microfossil from the Gozaishoyama
district in the southwestern part of the Mino Terrane, cental
Japan. Bull. geol. Surv. Japan, 40/2, 55-64. (in Japanase)
About 160 samples of mudstone, siliceous mudstone and chert
were collected to extract microfossils from the Gozaishoyama