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Bibliography - 1992 Radiolaria 14 The Sicanian paleogeographic domain (Western Sicily) belonged, at least since the Early Permian, to the passive margin of the Tethys ocean. Continuous pelagic deep-water conditions throughout the Permian and the presence of rich pelagic Circumpacific faunas of this age indicate a broad, unrestricted pelagic connection from the Pacific (Panthalassa) until Western Sicily at least since the Early Permian. During the Triassic, pelagic conditions continued. The paleogeographic restriction of the ecologically tolerant conodont genus Pseudofurnishius to originally southern units within the Tethys has been confirmed. Caulet, J.P., Venec-Peyre, M.-T., Vergnaud- Grazzini, C. & Nigrini, C. 1992. Variation of South Somalian upwelling during the last 160 ka: radiolarian and foraminifera records in core MD 85674. In: Upwelling Systems: Evolution Since the Early Miocene. (Summerhayes, C.P., Prell, W.L. & Emeis, K.C., Eds.), vol. 64. Geological Society of London, special Publication, London, U. K. pp. 379-389. Indicators of upwelling activity and surface-water productivity for the last 160 ka have been studied in the 'Marion Dufresne' core MD 85674 taken off Somalia (3°11, 2 N-50°26, 3 E; 4875 m depth). Quantitative changes in the abundances of radiolarian species which are restricted to upwelling areas (A. murrayana, C. irregularis, D. infabricatus, L. nigriniae, P. caryoforma, P. crustula and P. minythorax) were used to monitor the variation of vertical advection of deep water. These changes are compared with those recorded by the stable carbon isotopes of a foraminiferal thermocline dweller, N. dutertrei, and with quantitative variations of some planktonic foraminifers (N. dutertrei, G. bulloides, C. menardii, G. sacculifer and G. glutinata). Taken together, our data indicate that, under the south Somalian gyre, upwelling activity was maximal during transition between isotope stages 6 and 5, isotope stage 3, and transition between isotope stages 2 and 1 (respectively at about 130 ka, 65 to 25 ka. and 15 to 10 ka). These data also suggest that. at least during the last 60 ka. periods of increased activity in the Somalian. Arabian and Peruvian upwelling systems were synchronous. Cheng, Y.N. 1992. Upper Jurassic Pantanelliidae (Pantanelliinae Pessagno,1977 and Vallupinae Pessagno & MacLeod, 1987) from the Busuanga Islands, Philippines. Bull. natl. Mus. nat. Sci., Taiwan, 3, 1-49. The Pantanelliidae Pessagno is an important Mesozoic family of Liosphaerilae. Pantanelliids are proved to be useful in paleogeographic interpretation. They are abundant and diversified within the Tethyan Realm and become rare and less diversified within the Boreal Realm. This report deals with the systematic paleontology of Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) pantanelliids from the Liminangcong Chert of Busuanga Island, North Palawan Block, Philippines. Radiolarian assemblages ranging in age from Permian to Jurassic have been discovered from the Liminangcong Chert. The studied material is from the youngest samples (upper Tithonian) from the Liminangcong Chert in Busuanga. It is characterized by having Tethyan pantanelliids. Radiolarian individuals are relatively small in size by comparing with those from the upper Tithonian North American strata (e.g., Taman Formation, east-central Mexico). Taxa of two subfamilies -- Pantanelliinae Pessagno (1977) and Vallupinae Pessagno & MacLeod (1987) are described in this report. These include 16 new species of genus Pantanellium Pessagno (1977), six new species of genus Mesovallupus Pessagno and MacLeod (1987), nine new species of genus Protovallupus Pessagno and MacLeod (1987), and one new species of Vallupus Pessagno and Blome (1984). Coccioni, R., Erba, E. & Premoli-Silva, I. 1992. Barremian-Aptian calcareous plankton biostratigraphy from the Gorgo Cerbara section (Marche, central Italy) and implications for plankton evolution. Cretaceous Res., 13/5- 6, 517-538. The Barremian-Aptian boundary interval of the Gorgo Cerbara section (Marche, central Italy) was revisited in order to improve stratigraphic correlations and investigate plankton evolution. A very close sampling at cm scale was carried out in the upper Maiolica and basal Scisti a Fucoidi formations. The latter formation includes the Livello Selli, the landward sedimentary expression of oceanic anoxic subevent OAE la. The study of closely spaced samples revealed that (I) the first diversification among planktonic foraminifera, marked by the appearance of the genus Globigerinelloides, occurred during the Barremian (this event was dated by means of ammonites); thus the first occurrence (FO) of both Globigerinelloides duboisi and Globigerinelloides blowi cannot be used to identify the Aptian (2) the appearance of Rucinolithus irregularis is the biostratigraphic event - 78 - which best approximates the Barremian-Aptian boundary; and (3) chron M0, being slightly younger than the FO of R. irregularis, is very close to this boundary. Semiquantitative and quantitative analyses of planktonic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils and radiolarians show that the three groups fluctuate in abundance and assemblage composition throughout the studied interval. An important change in plankton distribution patterns occurs within the G. blowi foraminiferal Zone and C. Iitterarius nannofossil Zone, where planktonic foraminifera, radiolarians and calcareous nannofossils start to show large-scale, higher frequency fluctuations in abundance; fluctuations in the three groups are out of phase. These new plankton distribution patterns are interrupted by the Livello Selli, which is preceded and followed by 'critical intervals'. The distribution and composition of all three planktonic groups lead to the interpretation of the 'critical intervals' as representing increased nutrient contents in the surface water and the Livello Selli as a very high fertility event. Among planktonic foraminifera the hedbergellids seem to indicate a more eutrophic habitat than the globigerinelloids. In calcareous nannofossil assemblages, the abrupt crisis affecting the nannoconids prior to deposition of the Livello Selli suggests that these nannofossils are characteristic of more oligotrophic conditions, whereas Zygodiscus erectus is indicative of a more eutrophic environment. Based on our data, the early Aptian Livello Selli has the same oceanographic significance as the latest Cenomanian Livello Bonarelli, i.e., it represents a high fertility event on a global scale. Conti, M. & Marcucci, M. 1992. Radiolarian dating of the Monte Alpe Chert at Il Conventino, Monti Rognosi (Eastern Tuscany, Italy). Ofioliti, 17/2, 243-248. This paper reports new data on radiolarian biostratigraphy of the siliceous deposits in the sedimentary cover of the Apennine ophiolites. Earlier studies on this subject (Baumgartner, 1984; Conti et al., 1985; Picchi, 1985; Abbate et al., 1986; Conti and Marcucci, 1991) permit to determine ages ranging from late Bathonian (?) - early Callovian to late Oxfordian-Kimmeridgian for the base of these deposits. Their top is late Tithonian to Berriasian. The sections described here are in the Northern Apennine, and belong to the Monte Alpe Chert, which is the main siliceous formation on top of the ophiolites in this region. These sections outcrop at Monti Rognosi (Eastern Tuscany) where the ophiolites, with their sedimentary cover, are considered to be olistoliths included in an Eocene flysch formation (M. Morello Formation) (Bortolotti, 1961; 1962; Sarri, 1990). This formation is part of the Calvana Supergroup which constitutes one of the major tectonic units of the Northern Apennine. Cordey, F. 1992a. Radiolarian ages from chert pebbles of the Tantalus Formation, Carmacks area, Yukon Territory. Geol. Surv. Canada, curr. res., Pap., 92-1E, 53-59. Eighteen chert pebbles from three levels of the Late Jurassic- Cretaceous Tantalus Formation conglomerate near Carmacks contain radiolaria of Triassic (Ladinian-Carnian, Late Carnian-Middle Norian, Middle Norian, Late Norian) age. The known ages of chert pebbles from the Tantalus Formation near Whitehorse and Carmacks, which range from the Early Permian to the latest Triassic, differ from the age of Paleozoic chert-bearing units located to the northeast of the Tintina Fault. They more closely resemble the age of ribbon cherts of the northeastern part of the Northern Cache Creek Terrane (Teslin Plateau) in southern Yukon. Cordey, F. 1992b. Radiolarians and terrane analysis in the Canadian Cordillera: the "clastic approach". In: Significance and application of Radiolaria to terrane analysis. (Aitchison, J.C. & Murchey, B.L., Eds.), vol. 96/1-2. Special Issue: Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., Elsevier, Amsterdam. pp. 155-159. The Canadian Cordillera is characterized by a long-lived geological history resulting from protracted interaction of oceanic plates and one large continent. Interpreted as a "collage" orogen, it contains terranes of oceanic affinity separating volcanosedimentary blocks. Oceanic, radiolarian chert-bearing accreted terranes are important structural markers and age control of their sedimentary strata is fundamental to the understanding of a complex geological history. Synorogenic and postorogenic deposits contain radiolarian chert clasts, which allow correlations with strata in place. More interestingly, they also contain eroded strata that are unknown in the Cordillera. Radiolarians appear to be the key in the potential discovery of such missing elements of the geological record. Cordey, F., Greig, C.J. & Orchard, M.J. 1992. Permian, Triassic, and Middle Jurassic microfaunal associations, Stikine terrane, Oweegee and Kinskuch areas,
Radiolaria 14 Bibliography - 1992 northwestern British Columbia. Geol. Surv. Canada, curr. res., Pap., 92-1E, 107-116. Nine age-diagnostic microfossil collections from the Stikine terrane in northwestern British Columbia confirm the presence and extend the distribution of several regionally mappable geological units; they also place constraints on the timing of early Mesozoic deformation affecting western Stikine terrane. Radiolarians are Early Permian, Late Triassic, and Middle Jurassic in age, spanning a large part of the stratigraphic range of Stikine terrane, and are found in various lithologies, including siliceous siltstone, limestone, and bedded chert. Conodonts are from carbonate and are Late Triassic (Late Carnian, Late Norian) in age. Cordey, F. & Read, P.B. 1992. Permian and Triassic radiolarian ages from the Cache Creek Complex, Dog Creek and Alkali Lake areas, southwestern British Columbia. Geol. Surv. Canada, curr. res., Pap., 92-1E, 41-51. Ten radiolarian chert localities from the Cache Creek Complex on both sides of the Fraser Fault in Dog Creek and Alkali Lake areas range in age from Early Permian (late Asselian-late Sakmarian) through Middle Triassic (late Anisian-early Ladinian) to Late Triassic (Early Carnian, Early-Middle Norian, Late Norian). This age range is similar to that of the Cache Creek cherts in their type locality, 150 km to the south. The newly discovered localities come from one or more slices of the complex which were thrust northeastward over Early Jurassic rocks. Chert-bearing units underlie undated clastic rocks that may represent a regional(?) overlap assemblage. Diester-Haass, L., Meyers, P.A. & Rothe, P. 1992. The Benguela Current and associated upwelling on the southwest African Margin: a synthesis of the Neogene- Quaternary sedimentary record at DSDP sites 362 and 532. In: Upwelling Systems: Evolution Since the Early Miocene. (Summerhayes, C.P., Prell, W.L. & Emeis, K.C., Eds.), vol. 64. Geological Society of London, special Publication, London, U.K. pp. 331-342. Sediments cored at DSDP Sites 362 and 532 on the Walvis Ridge provide a Neogene-Quaternary history of the development of the upwelling system on the south-west African margin. Upwelling occurs principally on the landward side of the Benguela Current. The upwelling centres have shifted northward since the Middle Miocene as the current has intensified and has flowed farther to the north. Changes in productivity are recorded in the types, proportions and preservation of foraminifera, radiolaria, diatoms, organic matter, and clay minerals in the sedimentary record. Prior to the Late Miocene (10 Ma), the Benguela Current did not reach the Walvis Ridge, and enhanced productivity is not evident in the sediments at this location. Between 10 to 5.2 Ma, upwelling was recorded in the DSDP sites in glacial periods, indicating that the Benguela Current intensified during glacial periods and transported evidence of upwelling to Sites 362/532 from near-coastal areas. During interglacial periods the current was not as strong and did not reach the Walvis Ridge, turning instead to the west within the Cape Basin. Strengthening of the current continued such that by the Pliocene and Quarternary the upwelling signal is contained in interglacial sediments. Sediments deposited in these more recent glacial times contain a weak or absent upwelling signal because glacial intensification shifts the Benguela Current system northward to reach the Angola Basin before it turns westward away from its coast-parallel direction. El Kadiri, K. 1992. Description de nouvelles espèces de radiolaires jurassiques de la Dorsale calcaire externe (Rif, Maroc). Rev. españ. Paleont., Núm. Extra., 37-48. The study of radiolaria obtained from the bottom of the Jurassic radiolarian beds in the Rif "Dorsale calcaire externe" display the study of some new species. Some one and two new genres are described here. The presence of ammonites in the bottom of that facies and the inmediately in the lower beds attribute an Upper Lias or Lower Dogger age to the siliceous micro-faune recolted. El Kadiri, K., Linares, A. & Olóriz, F. 1992. La Dorsale Calcaire rifaine (Maroc septentrional): Evolution stratigraphique et géodynamique durant le Jurassique-Crétacé. Notes Mém. Serv géol. Maroc, 366, 217-265. The reduced Jurassic-Cretaceous series of the "Dorsale calcaire" with facies of ammonitico-rosso type and radiolarites are dated by the main chronological markers: ammonites, Radiolaria, Calpionellids and Foraminifera. The stratigraphic and geodynamic evolution of the "Dorsale interne" appears to be clearly different from that of the "Dorsale externe". In the first one, significant episodes of emersion-karstification are made evident during the Carixian, Dogger-Malm p.p. and the Cretaceous p. p. During the time - 79 - between these episodes a reduced sedimentation which is preserved in the paleokarstic cavities is expressed in the form of: 1) ammonitico-rosso facies during the Domerian-Toarcian, 2) radiolarites during the upper kimmeridgian-lower Tithonian and 3) ammonitico-rosso/bianco during the Tithonian. At the end of the Cretaceous the sedimentation starts again by the deposition olistostromes during the Campanian. While the Jurassic sedimentation in the "Dorsale externe" remains almost continuous. Moreover, these different facies appear early: ammonitico-rosso facies from the end of the Hettangian and continue during the Sinemurian; radiolarites from the upper Toarcian-Aalenian. The Olistostromes appear from the lower Cretaceous. These reduced series which have to do with a subsiding continental margin show that the "Dorsale interne" and "Dorsale externe" correspond respectively: 1) to one or several half-grabens tilted towards the internal side of the margin and 2) to crustal blocks located at distal position. The relative movement of the internal half-grabens in relation to the external blocks leads us to put forward a kinematic model for the dynamics of the subsiding continental margin: the movement of the balance. The global context of this movement was the normal shearing of the crust. The application of this model to the westhern front of the Alboran plate (Rif) allows us to propose the existence of: 1) a basal intralithospheric fault at the old boundary between the internal and the external Zones diping towards the East, and 2) an astenospheric dome which emerges below the Alboran plate starting from the lower Lias. Feng, Q. 1992. Permian and Triassic radiolarian biostratigraphy in south and southwest China. Earth Sci., J. China Univ. Geosci., 3/1, 51-62. The study of Permian radiolarians in South and Southwest China has been advanced in recent years . A well—preserved radiolarian fauna of Triassic is recently found in Southwest China. Eight radiolarian assemblage zones are recognized as follows in ascending order: Pseudoalbaillella rhombothoracata assemblage zone (Qixian), Pseudoalbaillella fusiformis assemblage zone (early—middle Maokouan), Follicucullus assemblage zone (late Maokouan- Wujiapingian). Cangyuanella assemblage zone (early—middle Changxingian), Clavata assemblage zone (latest Permian), Triassocampe yini assemblage zone (early Early Triassic), Pseudoeucyrtis liui assemblage zone (late Early Triassic) and Triassocampe deweveri assemblage zone (Middle Triassic) .The Permo—Triassic boundary in chert mono—facial sequence of the Muyinhe Formation is discussed. Goto, H., Umeda, M. & Ishiga, H. 1992. Late Ordovician Radiolarians from the Lachlan Fold Belt, Southeastern Australia. Mem. Fac. Sci., Shimane Univ., 26, 145-170. Gowing, M.M. & Garrison, D.L. 1992. Abundance and feeding ecology of larger protozooplankton in the iceedge zone of the Weddell and Scotia Seas during the austral winter. Deep-Sea Res. Part A, oceanogr. Res. Pap., 39, 893- 919. Biomass abundances and feeding ecology of larger (>50µm diameter) protozoo plankton were studied in the upper 210 m in the ice edge zone of the Weddell/Scotia Sea area in the austral winter of 1988. Sixty -liter water samples were taken at five depths at 17 stations, and organisms were concentrated by reverse flowfiltration. Mean abundances of the total assemblages of larger protozooplankton (radiolarians, foraminiferans, acantharian, the heliozoan Sticholonche, tintinnid and aloricate ciliates, and thecate and athecate dinoflagellates) ranged from 2040 to 3745 m -3 in the upper 210m. Biomass ranged from 33 to 48 µg C m -3 in the upper 85 m, and from 32 to 54 µg C m -3 from 115 to 210 m. Phaeodarian radiolarians larger than 1.6 mm (sampled with plummet nets) contributed an additional 3 µg C m -3 in the upper 100 m and an additional 7 µg C m -3 from 100 to 200 m. These abundances and biomasses are lower than for other seasons in the Antarctic, but are comparable to abundances reported for several of these groups in lower latitude waters. We attribute the low winter abundances to slower growth and reduced food, rather than to increased mortality. The large protozooplankton are trophically diverse; in addition to heterotrophy on a variety of organisms, we found apparent evidence of mixotrophy and symbiosis in some of the groups. The large protozooplankton fed on both autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms in winter, although the biomass of smaller forms is dominated by heterotrophs. Feeding on detrital particles also was indicated by the presence of siliceous fragments in vacuoles. The larger particles also was indicated by the presence of siliceous fragments in vacuoles. The larger protozooplankton in the winter ice edge zone may be important in reducing particle flux to the deep sea and as a food source for larger zooplankton, especially form the base of the euphotic zone to 210 m.
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