radiolaria - Marum

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Bibliography - 1993 Radiolaria 14 accordingly. Further study of these variations within an accurate chronostratigraphic framework should permit determination of the rates of these evolutionary changes. Cordey, F. & Schiarizza, P. 1993. Long-lived Panthalassic remnant: The Bridge River accretionary complex, Canadian Cordillera. Geology, 21, 263-266. Newly identified radiolarians from ribbon chert of the Bridge River complex in the southeastern Canadian Coast Mountains range in age from Mississippian to late Middle Jurassic. The Bridge River complex and the associated Cadwallader arc and Tyaughton and Methow basins lie between the Intermontane superterrane to the east and the Insular superterrane to the west. Triassic-Middle Jurassic development of the Bridge River subduction-accretion complex records an important component of convergence between these superterranes. The time span represented in the Bridge River complex (~170 m.y.), one of the longest known age ranges for chert sedimentation, suggests that the Bridge River complex contains remnants of a longlived, potentially far-travelled Panthalassic oceanic domain. Douzen, K. & Ishiga, H. 1993. Change of paleocurrent in redox conditions of Lower Jurassic bedded cherts revealed by azimuth orientation of conical radiolarian shells of southwest Japan. N. Osaka Micropaleont. spec. Vol., 9, 91- 99. (in Japanese) Ellis, G. 1993. Late Aptian-early Albian Radiolaria of the Windalia Radiolarite (type section), Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia. Eclogae geol. Helv., 86/3, 943-995. During the Late Aptian-Early Albian Australia was inundated by a widespread (global?) marine transgression that resulted in extensive sedimentation of radiolarian-rich facies. This facies is represented by the Windalia Radiolarite, and to a lesser extent the overlying Gearle Siltstone in the Carnarvon Basin of Western Australia. In this study, a detailed radiolarian biostratigraphic assessment of the type section of the Windalia Radiolarite is presented. Fifty-nine radiolarian taxa are represented, including one new genus (Windalia n. gen.) and three new species (Actinomma (?) pleiadescensis n. sp., Paronaella (?) diastimuspltere n. sp. and Praeconocaryomma excelsa n. sp.). Many of these taxa have been recorded previously from Tethyan regions. However, the assemblages are dominated in abundance by a few non-Tethyan forms which are also recognized in coeval sediments elsewhere in Australia, the Indian Ocean and the Weddell Sea. These dominant taxa are considered to be endemic elements of an "Austral" faunal realm. Many of the known biostratigraphically important radiolaria are sparse or absent, but the previously recorded stratigraphic ranges of several species correspond with the Late (latest) Aptian- Early Albian age of the Windalia Radiolarite known from ammonites and belemnites, and from age constraints emplaced by the underlying and overlying formations. The published ranges of other radiolarian species from the Windalia Radiolarite, however, conflict with this age, highlighting the limited detailed knowledge of early Cretaceous radiolaria and the difficulties in applying '"low latitude" radiolarian biozonations to the Austral region. Feng, Q. & Liu, B. 1993a. Permian radiolarian on southwest Yunnan. Earth Sci., J. China Univ. Geosci., 18/5, 540-564. A radiolarian fauna, consisting of 32 species belonging to 17 genera, found in Laochang and Nanpan of Lancang County and Bangsha of Jinghong County, is described in this paper. The fauna can be divided into 3 assemblage zones. The sequence of these zones is listed ascendingly as follows: (1) Follicucullus assemblage zone, collected from the upper part of Laba Group in Nanpan, Late Maokou - Early Longtan. (2) Neoalbaillella optima assemblage zone, occurring in the upper part of Laba Group in Nanpan and the middle part of Laochang Formation in Laochang, Late Longtan. (3) Neoalbaillella ornithoformis assemblage zone, preserved in the upper part of Laba Group in Nanpan and the chert interbed of volcanic rocks in Bangsha, Early Changxing. The geological times of the lithostratigraphic units are discussed based on the three assemblage zones. Feng, Q. & Liu, B. 1993b. A new early Devonian radiolarian genus from western Yunnan. Sci. China, Ser. B, 36/2, 242-248. A new radiolarian genus, Eoalbaillella belonging to Albaillellidae Deflandre emend. Holdsworth, is proposed from the Early Devonian in Western Yunnan, Southwestern China. Its test is composed of an imperforate lamellar shell and an elongate triangular framework, of which the upper part is enclosed by the lamellar shell and the lower - 96 - part, without the shell, has the shape of the letter X. The relations between new genus and other radiolarian genera are studied and the type species of the genus is described. Fergusson, C.L., Henderson, R.A., Leitch, E.C. & Ishiga, H. 1993. Lithology and structure of the Wandilla Terrane, Gladstone-Yeppoon District, central Qeensland, and an overview of the Palaeozoic Subduction complex of the New-England fold belt. Austral. J. Earth Sci., 40/4, 403-414. The Wandilla terrane consists of, from west to east, the Doonside Formation and the Wandilla Formation. The Doonside Formation is dominated by chert and mudstone. Conodonts from a single locality (Devils Bend) indicate an age in the interval Late Silurian to Middle Devonian. The Wandilla Formation consists of mudstone with greywacke, tuff, chert and greenstone. The greywacke is dominated by volcanic detritus with sparse but persistent ooliths that suggest contemporaneity with Early Carboniferous strata of the Yarrol shelf to the west. The Wandilla terrane is structurally complex with two main deformation events. The first deformation (D1 ) formed widespread lenticular melange during offscraping at the toe of a subduction complex. The second deformation (D2 ) formed a moderately to shallowly east-dipping cleavage that typically dips less steeply than the north-northwesttrending D1 structures, and contains a down-dip elongation lineation. D2 structures were produced by the Late Permian to Triassic Hunter- Bowen Orogeny. Lithological attributes and structural styles indicate a subduction complex setting for much of the Wandilla terrane and related units farther south. New ages from chert in the subduction complex of the New England Fold Belt are mainly Early Carboniferous, consistent with a major accretionary episode in the late Early and Late Carboniferous. By analogy with the considerably better dated units of the Japanese accretionary terranes, this major period of growth may have been a result of collision of a major topographic feature with the trench (e.g. a mid-ocean ridge). Fujii, J., Hattori, I. & Nakajima, T. 1993. A study of radiolarian biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy of early Mesozoic red bedded chert, central Japan. N. Osaka Micropaleont. spec. Vol., 9, 71-89. (in Japanese) Funakawa, S. 1993. Late Miocene radiolarian fossils from eastern Hokkaido, Japan. N. Osaka Micropaleont. spec. Vol., 9, 293-311. (in Japanese) Garrison, D.L., Buck, K.R. & Gowing, M.M. 1993. Winter plankton assemblage in the ice edge zone of the Weddell and Scotia Seas - composition, biomass and spatial distributions. Deep-Sea Res. Part A, oceanogr. Res. Pap., 40/2, 311-338. George, A.D. 1993. Radiolarians in offscraped seamount fragments, Aorangi range, New Zealand. New Zealand J. Geol. Geophys., 36/2, 185-199. Well-preserved radiolarians occur in coloured argillites at two localities in the Torlesse Terrane exposed in the Aorangi Range. The coloured argillites which host the radiolarians are associated with metabasite, and together these rocks are interpreted as remnants of seamounts which were dismembered immediately before or during subduction and accretion. Radiolarians from the two Aorangi Range localities are consistent with a Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age. Gorican, S. 1993. Jurassic and Cretaceous radiolarian biostratigraphy and sedimentary evolution of the Budva Zone (Dinarides, Montenegro). Ph.D. Thesis. University of Lausanne, 227 p. (unpublished) The Budva Zone is the northernmost part of a long belt of Mesozoic basinal sediments, which extend southward to the Krasta- Cukali Zone in Albania and Pindos-Olonos Zone in Greece. Lowermost Jurassic to middle Cretaceous formations are defined and described. 105 radiolarian samples collected in ten sections allowed us to date pelagic sequences and to constrain ages of intervening carbonate gravity-flow deposits. Systematics of about 200 recorded radiolarian species is discussed and supported by illustrations. For the Middle Jurassic to Turonian time interval, a local radiolarian zonation is constructed by means of Unitary Association Method (Guex, 1977, 1991). The appearance of 138 taxa was used in the database. 48 Unitary Associations are established and grouped into 15 distinct "zones". The calibration is based on the existing zonations. The Budva Zone formations are correlated to timeequivalent lithologies in the tectonically overthrusting High Karst
Radiolaria 14 Bibliography - 1993 Platform. The correlation reveals a close relationship between the sedimentary and tectonic activity of the High Karst Platform margin, and facies evolution in the adjacent Budva Basin. The Hettangian to Sinemurian lime-poor "Passee Jaspeuse" Formation coincides with a subsidence of the High Karst Platform margin. In the Pliensbachian to lower Toarcian the entire basin was characterized by calcareous resediments (Lower Bar Limestone Member). The margin-ward propagation of radiolarite sedimentation (Lastva Radiolarite) and retreat of calcareous clastics (Upper Bar Limestone Member) in the Middle Jurassic are related to a development of continuous oolitic bars on the platform. The maximum expansion of radiolarites was attained in the Oxfordian and Kimmeridgian, when the platform margin was fringed by a large reefcomplex. Most of the carbonate mud in the Jurassic basinal succession was probably of platform origin. Periods of reduced periplatform-ooze supply were characterized by lime-poor to limefree basinal sedimentation. In the late Tithonian, distal sequences show a transition from siliceous to carbonate deposition (Praevalis Limestone). In the Hauterivian-Barremian, again, radiolarite sedimentation (Bijela Radiolarite) progressively replaced pelagic carbonates and persisted to the Turonian. These facies changes are correlative with synchronous shifts in the Southern Alps and Apennines. The Budva Basin, however, differs from other Tethyan basins by a lower proportion of carbonate in the Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous sequences. The composition and distributional pattern of calcareous resediments changed significantly by Late Jurassic time. Prior to that time, in the Early and Middle Jurassic, carbonate gravity-flow deposits were composed of remobilized pelagic sediments and penecontemporaneous platform debris. Contrary to this, since the Tithonian the bulk of the calcareous resediments was derived from the erosion of lithified shallow water limestones. Coarse grained turbidites became restricted to the northwestern depositional area. This facies change is believed to reflect the evolution from an extensional to a compressive regime in the internal domains of the Dinaric Tethys, which induced a differential uplift of the High Karst Platform. Gowing, M.M. 1993. Seasonal radiolarian flux at the VERTEX Noth Pacific time-series Site. Deep-Sea Res. Part A, oceanogr. Res. Pap., 40/3, 517-545. Guex, J. 1993. Simplifications géométriques liées au stress écologique chet certain protistes. Bull. Soc. vaud. Sc. nat., 82/4, 357-368. The evolution of Silicoflagellates (Chrysophytes) is characterized by two main trends: 1.- progressive complexification of the skeleton and 2.- elongation of the skeleton with development of a bilateral symmetry and concomitant simplification of some skeletal elements (loss of the lateral radial spines). Silicoflagellates are extremely sensitive to environemental instabilities. During phases of ecological stress, the skeleton frequently shows drastic geometrical simplifications (loss of the basal ring or of the apical system), and a loss of the symmetry. The evolution of this group corroborates some hypotheses proposed in a recent paper devoted to the reversal of some evolutionary trends induced by ecological stress (GUEX,1992). A similar case of evolutionary reversal observed in radiolarians is briefly discussed. Haggart, J.W. & Carter, E.S. 1993. Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian) Radiolaria from Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia: newly recognized faunas and stratigraphic implications. Geol. Surv. Canada, curr. res., Pap., 93-1E, 55-65. Radiolarian faunas have been identified from Lower Cretaceous rocks of Queen Charlotte Islands (NTS 103B, F). Microfossils were obtained from fine grained clastic rocks of the Longarm and Haida formations and taxa indicative of the Hauterivian, Barremian, Aptian, and Albian stages were identified. The faunas include the first Cretaceous radiolarians noted from the northern part of the Canadian Insular Belt and the first diverse radiolarian assemblages of Barremian and Aptian age from west coast North America. These collections are critically important in the development of a radiolarian biochronology for the Lower Cretaceous of the North American Cordillera. The faunas demonstrate that deposition of fine clastic rocks was widespread across the Queen Charlotte Islands region during most of the Early Cretaceous and argue against diastrophism at that time. Hattori, I. 1993. Diagenetic modification of radiolarians in a chaotic Jurassic sedimentary sequence of the Mino Terrane, Central Japan. In: Radiolaria of giant and subgiant fields in Asia. Nazarov Memorial Volume. (Blueford, J.R. & Murchey, B.L., Eds.), Micropaleontology, special - 97 - Publication vol. 6. Micropaleontology Press, American Museum of Natural History, New York. pp. 137-152. This study documents the diagenetic modification of Middle Jurassic radiolarians in shale and manganese nodules which are considered to be of pelagic origin from the Tarumigawa section in the Mino Terrane, Central Japan. Based on paragenesis of authigenetic minerals, the sedimentary environment and diagenetic history of the radiolarian-bearing rocks were analyzed. The radiolarian assemblages in the shale differ from those in the manganese nodules. Radiolarians derived from reddish brown shale were pressed and flattened by deformation in an early stage of diagenesis. Some families of radiolarians were chemically and physically sensitive in diagenesis and the genus and species compositions were remarkably modified. Although multisegmented nassellarians were also deformed during the diagenesis, their characteristic shapes remain identifiable. Multisegmented nassellarians can be used as key fossils in age and paleogeographic correlation. Hattori, I., Bustillo, M.A., Arana, V. & Nishimura, A. 1993. Lepisphere and chert - microtextural comparison between two foreing Cenozoic siliceous sediments and white chert in the Nanjo Massif, Central Japan. N. Osaka Micropaleont. spec. Vol., 9 , 271-291. (in Japanese) Hollis, C.J. 1993. Latest Cretaceous to Late Paleocene radiolarian biostratigraphy: A new zonation from the New Zealand region. In: Interrad VI. (Lazarus, D.B. & De Wever, P., Eds.), vol. 21/4. Special Issue: Marine Micropal., Elsevier, Amsterdam. pp. 295-327. The scarcity of records of Early Paleocene radiolarians has meant that while radiolarian biostratigraphy is firmly established as an important tool for correlation, there has been a long-standing gap between established zonations for the Cretaceous and from latest Paleocene to Recent. It has also led to considerable speculation over the level of faunal change across the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary. Consequently, the discovery of rich and diverse radiolarian assemblages in well-delineated K/T boundary sections within siliceous limestones of the Amuri Limestone Group in eastern Marlborough, New Zealand, is of great significance for biostratigraphy and K/T boundary research. This initial report is restricted to introducing a new latest Cretaceous to mid Late Paleocene zonation based on the radiolarian succession at four of these sections and a re-examination of faunas from coeval sediments at DSDP Site 208 (Lord Howe Rise). Three new Paleocene species are described: Amphisphaera aotea, Amphisphaera kina and Stichomitra wero. Six new interval zones are defined by the first appearances of the nominate species. In ascending order these are: Lithomelissa? hoplites Foreman (Zone RK9, Cretaceous), Amphisphaera aotea n. sp. (Zone RPI, Paleocene), Amphisphaerakinan. sp. (RP2), Stichomitra granulata Petrushevskaya (RP3), Buryella foremanae Petrushevskaya (RP4) and Buryella tetradica (RP5). Good age control from foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils permits close correlation with established microfossil zonations. Where age control is less reliable, radiolarian events are used to substantially improve correlation between the sections. No evidence is found for mass extinction of radiolarians at the end of the Cretaceous. However, the K/T boundary does mark a change from nassellarian to spumellarian dominance, due to a sudden influx of actinommids, which effectively reduces the relative abundance of many Cretaceous survivors. An accompanying influx of diatoms in the basal Paleocene of Marlborough, together with evidence for an increase of total radiolarian abundance, suggests siliceous plankton productivity increased across the K/T boundary. Possible causes for this apparently localised phenomenon are briefly discussed. Hori, R. 1993. Pantanelliidae abundance for lower Jurassic siliceous rocks. N. Osaka Micropaleont. spec. Vol., 9, 101- 108. (in Japanese) Hull, D.M. 1993. Quaternary, Eocene, and Cretaceous radiolarians from the Hawaiian Arch, northern Equatorial Pacific Ocean. In: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. (Wilkens, R.H., Firth, J., Bender, J. et al., Eds.), vol. 136. College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), pp. 3-25. Deep-sea cores recovered at Sites 842 and 843 on Leg 136 of the Ocean Drilling Program have yielded assemblages of Quaternary, Eocene, and Cretaceous radiolarians from the Hawaiian Arch region of the northern equatorial Pacific Ocean. Reddish-brown clays from Hole 842A (0-9.6 mbsf), Hole 842B (0-6.3 mbsf), and Hole 843C (0-4.2 mbsf) contain abundant and diverse assemblages of Quaternary radiolarians consisting of more than 80 species typical of the equatorial Pacific region. Quaternary radiolarians at these
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