Dust Control Handbook for Industrial Minerals Mining and Processing

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Air Spray Manifold .................................................................................................................. 203Exhaust Ventilation .................................................................................................................. 204Safety Issues ........................................................................................................................... 205EFFECTIVENESS OF CLOTHES CLEANING TECHNOLOGY ............................................... 205CURRENT STATUS OF CLOTHES CLEANING REGULATIONS ........................................... 206HOUSEKEEPING PRACTICES ............................................................................................... 207TOTAL STRUCTURE VENTILATION DESIGN ...................................................................... 210PRINCIPLES OF TOTAL STRUCTURE VENTILATION ......................................................... 210Clean Makeup Air Supply ......................................................................................................... 211Effective Upward Airflow Pattern ............................................................................................... 212Competent Shell of Structure ...................................................................................................... 212VARIABLES AFFECTING TOTAL STRUCTURE VENTILATION .......................................... 212Costs ..................................................................................................................................... 213OPEN STRUCTURE DESIGN .................................................................................................. 213BACKGROUND DUST SOURCES .......................................................................................... 214EXAMPLES OF SECONDARY DUST SOURCES .................................................................... 215Dusts from Outside Sources Traveling Inside Structures .................................................................. 215Personal Dust Exposure from Differences in Job Function Work Practices .......................................... 215Broken Bags of Product ............................................................................................................ 217Cloth Seat Material/Worn Acoustical Material ............................................................................... 218Dirty Work Boots .................................................................................................................... 218MAINTENANCE ..................................................................................................................... 220Work Practices to Reduce Dust Exposure during Maintenance Activities ............................................ 220REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 221CHAPTER 9: OPERATOR BOOTHS, CONTROL ROOMS, AND ENCLOSED CABSEFFECTIVENESS TERMINOLOGY ..................................................................................... 225FILTRATION AND PRESSURIZATION SYSTEMS ................................................................ 227Field Studies ........................................................................................................................... 227Laboratory Study ..................................................................................................................... 228Mathematical Model to Determine Enclosure Protection Factor .................................................... 229RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FILTRATION/PRESSURIZATION SYSTEMS ........................... 230Ensuring Enclosure Integrity by Achieving Positive Pressurization against Wind Penetration ................. 230Keeping Doors and Windows Closed ........................................................................................... 231xi
Effective Filtration ................................................................................................................... 232Effective Outside Air Filtration and Enclosure Pressurization ....................................................... 232Outside Air Inlet Location ..................................................................................................... 233PreCleaner .......................................................................................................................... 233Effective Recirculation Filtration ............................................................................................ 233Floor Heaters .......................................................................................................................... 234Good Housekeeping (Enclosure Cleanliness) ................................................................................. 235Mechanical Filter Media and Visual Indicator for Filter Changing ..................................................... 235Ease of Filter Change ................................................................................................................ 236Uni-Directional Design ............................................................................................................. 236Generalized Parameters for an Effective System ............................................................................ 237OTHER METHODS TO LOWER RESPIRABLE DUST IN ENCLOSURES ............................... 238Small In-Unit HEPA Filters ....................................................................................................... 238REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 239CHAPTER 10: HAUL ROADS, STOCKPILES, AND OPEN AREAS ....................................... 243HAUL ROADS ........................................................................................................................ 244Basics of Road Construction ...................................................................................................... 244Haul Road Dust Control Measures .............................................................................................. 249Road Preparation ................................................................................................................. 250Water ................................................................................................................................ 251Surfactants...................................................................................................................... 253Salts .............................................................................................................................. 254Petroleum Emulsions ........................................................................................................ 255Polymers ........................................................................................................................ 255Adhesives ....................................................................................................................... 256Other Dust Control Methods .................................................................................................. 257Speed Control ................................................................................................................. 257Traffic Control ................................................................................................................ 257Load Covers ................................................................................................................... 257Cab Maintenance ............................................................................................................. 258STOCKPILES AND OPEN AREAS .......................................................................................... 258Surface Roughness ................................................................................................................... 259Water .................................................................................................................................... 262xii
Page 2 and 3: Report of Investigations 9689Dust C
Page 4: FUNDAMENTALS OF DUSTCOLLECTION SYST
Page 7 and 8: Minimizing Field Fits and Welds ...
Page 9 and 10: Recommendations for Proper Wet Dril
Page 11: CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES FOR FILLING 50
Page 15 and 16: ILLUSTRATIONSFigure 1.1. Relationsh
Page 17 and 18: Figure 3.2. The air and water flow
Page 22: Figure 9.5. Problem created by heat
Page 25 and 26: UNIT OF MEASURE ABBREVIATIONSUSED I
Page 28: Robert J. Franta, Quotation Enginee
Page 32 and 33: silica. Quartz is the most common s
Page 34 and 35: DUST CONTROL HANDBOOK FOR INDUSTRIA
Page 36 and 37: CHAPTER 1: FUNDAMENTALS OFDUST COLL
Page 38 and 39: The shape of particles affects how
Page 40 and 41: EXHAUST SYSTEMS DESIGNAll exhaust s
Page 42 and 43: stripping, which allows workers to
Page 44 and 45: When using the air quantities in Ta
Page 46 and 47: X = distance in feet from the face
Page 48 and 49: Checklist for Hood EffectivenessThe
Page 50 and 51: A major disadvantage of the high-ve
Page 52 and 53: A common misconception when designi
Page 54 and 55: Avoiding Mitered Elbows Greater Tha
Page 56 and 57: Figure 1.13. Depiction of the horiz
Page 58 and 59: Figure 1.14. Typical design of grav
Page 60 and 61: Baghouse CollectorsBaghouse dust co
Page 62 and 63:
Table 1.2. Emission factors for cru
Page 64 and 65:
Figure 1.17. Typical design of a me
Page 66 and 67:
Reverse Jet (Pulse Jet) CollectorsR
Page 68 and 69:
Figure 1.20. Cartridge collector wi
Page 70 and 71:
Wet scrubbers are particularly adva
Page 72 and 73:
Electrostatic precipitators normall
Page 74 and 75:
may be related to specific applicat
Page 76 and 77:
times. When considering the depth o
Page 78 and 79:
Figure 1.25. Demonstration of how a
Page 80 and 81:
Figure 1.26. A typical fan performa
Page 82 and 83:
Fan TypesThere are two basic types
Page 84 and 85:
Figure 1.30. Typical centrifugal fa
Page 86 and 87:
Figure 1.32. Typical roof ventilato
Page 89 and 90:
DUST CONTROL HANDBOOK FOR INDUSTRIA
Page 91 and 92:
The vast majority of dust particles
Page 93 and 94:
Table 2.1. Particle/droplet size in
Page 95 and 96:
Air Atomizing NozzlesAir atomizing
Page 97 and 98:
Hydraulic Flat Fan NozzlesFigure 2.
Page 99 and 100:
for dust knockdown or suppression,
Page 101 and 102:
Nozzle MaintenanceFigure 2.14. Typi
Page 103 and 104:
Accidental DamageInadvertent harm t
Page 105 and 106:
NDT Educational Resource Center, Io
Page 107 and 108:
78 Wet Spray SystemsDUST CONTROL HA
Page 109 and 110:
contains a piston which delivers ha
Page 111 and 112:
produce an increase in the penetrat
Page 113 and 114:
Dry DrillingDry drilling is accompl
Page 115 and 116:
Circular ShroudIn contrast to the u
Page 117 and 118:
The collector airflow has a more su
Page 119 and 120:
Air-Blocking ShelfThe air-blocking
Page 121 and 122:
dust emissions from mast lowering,
Page 123 and 124:
This simple procedure of creating a
Page 125 and 126:
Figure 3.15. Air ring seal used to
Page 127 and 128:
Figure 3.17. Illustrations showing
Page 129 and 130:
unsubstantiated due to the inconsis
Page 131 and 132:
safety considerations may preclude
Page 133 and 134:
Figure 3.22. A filtration unit, loc
Page 135 and 136:
Miller S, Emerick JC, Vogely WA [19
Page 137 and 138:
USBM [1995]. The reduction of airbo
Page 139 and 140:
110 Drilling and BlastingDUST CONTR
Page 141 and 142:
Wet Control MethodsPREVENTION AND S
Page 143 and 144:
Figure 4.2. Examples of compressive
Page 145 and 146:
Figure 4.5. Illustration of a dry (
Page 147 and 148:
Figure 4.6. Illustration of a dry (
Page 149 and 150:
Wet dust control methods for crushi
Page 151 and 152:
Work Practices to Minimize Dust Exp
Page 153 and 154:
Some specialty grinding operations
Page 155 and 156:
should be frequently inspected for
Page 157 and 158:
Open screen decks slowly to allow i
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
CHAPTER 5: CONVEYING AND TRANSPORTT
Page 164 and 165:
Figure 5.3. Basic depiction of mate
Page 166 and 167:
that the material falls before land
Page 168 and 169:
Figure 5.10. Skirtboard used within
Page 170 and 171:
CarrybackMaterial that sticks or cl
Page 172 and 173:
CONVEYOR DESIGN AND MAINTENANCE ISS
Page 174 and 175:
Figure 5.15. Conveyor transfer encl
Page 176 and 177:
High-volume, high-pressure sprays s
Page 178 and 179:
Figure 5.19. Depiction of a bucket
Page 180 and 181:
Figure 5.21. Depiction of two types
Page 182 and 183:
Figure 5.25. Venturi eductor utiliz
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
CHAPTER 6: BAGGINGThis chapter disc
Page 188 and 189:
caused during manufacturing, includ
Page 190 and 191:
Overall PerforationsThe use of over
Page 192 and 193:
Figure 6.5. Open-top bag being load
Page 194 and 195:
Bagging operators should be aware t
Page 196 and 197:
Figure 6.8. Exhaust hood to capture
Page 198 and 199:
In the original design, a single no
Page 200 and 201:
The OASIS is a relatively simple de
Page 202 and 203:
Figure 6.13. Bag storage shelves sh
Page 204 and 205:
Figure 6.14. Bag and belt cleaner d
Page 206 and 207:
other industrial application using
Page 208 and 209:
The robotic arm automatic palletize
Page 210 and 211:
For many years, this plastic wrappi
Page 212 and 213:
warehouse location until a later ti
Page 214 and 215:
used successfully to perform this c
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
CHAPTER 7: BULK LOADINGDuring the b
Page 220 and 221:
Figure 7.2. Loading spout discharge
Page 222 and 223:
Cascading Loading SpoutFigure 7.5 i
Page 224 and 225:
a seal at the entry and exit points
Page 226:
REFERENCESBiere G, Swinderman RT, M
Page 229 and 230:
200 Bulk LoadingDUST CONTROL HANDBO
Page 231 and 232:
many years, as well as some new and
Page 233 and 234:
Figure 8.2. Air spray manifold desi
Page 235 and 236:
Figure 8.3. Test subject wearing po
Page 237 and 238:
Spills of product material are a co
Page 239 and 240:
epetitive dust leaks should not sim
Page 241 and 242:
Effective Upward Airflow PatternThe
Page 243 and 244:
Figure 8.8. Open-structure design c
Page 245 and 246:
manually removing the bags and plac
Page 247 and 248:
Figure 8.12. Increase in worker’s
Page 249 and 250:
In other cases, an operation may wa
Page 251 and 252:
Cecala AB, O'Brien AD, Pollock DE,
Page 253 and 254:
224 Controls for Secondary SourcesD
Page 255 and 256:
where C o = outside respirable dust
Page 257 and 258:
minimal improvement in the cab's ai
Page 259 and 260:
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FILTRATION/PRES
Page 261 and 262:
Effective FiltrationFigure 9.4. Res
Page 263 and 264:
average decay times were between 16
Page 265 and 266:
Figure 9.6. Filtration unit showing
Page 267 and 268:
This table highlights a number of c
Page 269 and 270:
NIOSH [2001b]. Technology news 486:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
upon the wind velocity (or disturba
Page 275 and 276:
Maximum size is the largest particl
Page 277 and 278:
Figure 10.4. Use of end-dumping wit
Page 279 and 280:
conditions. Performance of each of
Page 281 and 282:
A water truck, used to apply water
Page 283 and 284:
Surfactants work by reducing the su
Page 285 and 286:
which differed for the various site
Page 287 and 288:
Figure 10.9. Self-tarping dump truc
Page 289 and 290:
percent [Fryrear and Skidmore 1985]
Page 291 and 292:
Figure 10.12. The armoring process
Page 293 and 294:
A current method of stockpile forma
Page 295 and 296:
Figure 10.15. Demonstration of how
Page 297 and 298:
Chekan GJ, Cecala AB, Colinet JF [2
Page 299 and 300:
Midwest Research Institute [1981].
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
GLOSSARYAbrader. An implement used
Page 306 and 307:
Carryback. Material that sticks or
Page 308 and 309:
End-dumping. A process of spreading
Page 310 and 311:
Open structure building design. A p
Page 312 and 313:
Table bushing. A bushing used to se
Page 314:
Delivering on the Nation’s promis
show all

Dust Control Handbook for Industrial Minerals Mining and Processing

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?