Dust Control Handbook for Industrial Minerals Mining and Processing

GLOSSARYAbrader. An implement used to scrape or scratch a surface.Accelerated silicosis. A form of silicosis resulting from exposure to high concentrations ofcrystalline silica and developing 5–10 years after the initial exposure. While accelerated silicosispresents with the nodular characteristics that typify chronic silicosis, accelerated silicosisdevelops only 5–10 years after the initial exposure and generally progresses more rapidly thanchronic silicosis.Access road. A road that is generally used for utility or maintenance purposes. This is usually asecondary road, which is smaller in design than a haul road. An access road is not normally usedfor moving ore to and from the pit and crusher locations.Acute silicosis. A form of silicosis resulting from exposure to unusually high concentrations ofrespirable crystalline silica dust. Symptoms develop within only a few weeks to 4–5 years afterthe initial exposure. In contrast to the more common nodular forms of silicosis, acute silicosisinvolves a flooding of the alveolar region of the lungs with abnormal fluid containing fats andproteins, which gives rise to an alternative term for the disease—silicoproteinosis. Acutesilicosis is uniformly fatal, often within several months of diagnosis.3Aerodynamic diameter. The diameter of a spherical particle that has a density of 1,000 kg/m(the standard density of a water droplet) and the same settling velocity as that of the particle inquestion. Although particles have irregular shapes, this is an expression of a given particle'sbehavior as if it were a perfect sphere.Agglomeration. The act or process of gathering into a mass. Using wet spray systems, the intentis to have the droplets collide with the dust particles and agglomerate, causing them to fall fromthe air.Air atomizing. Mixing compressed air with a liquid to break up the liquid into a controlleddroplet size.Airborne dust prevention. Dust control measures taken to prevent dust from becoming airborne.Airborne dust suppression. Dust control measures taken to knock down dust already airborne byspraying water into the dust cloud and causing the particles to collide, agglomerate, and fall fromthe air.Air quantity. The amount of air used in ventilating a process, which is a combination of the airvelocity or speed and the area of the duct, measured in cubic feet of air per minute (cfm).Air to cloth ratio. In dust collection systems, a measure of the volume of gas per minute per unitarea of the bag collecting dust.Glossary 275