Dust Control Handbook for Industrial Minerals Mining and Processing

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Report of Investigations 9689Dust Control Handbook for Industrial MineralsMining and ProcessingAndrew B. Cecala, Andrew D. O’Brien, Joseph Schall, Jay F. Colinet, William R. Fox,Robert J. Franta, Jerry Joy, Wm. Randolph Reed, Patrick W. Reeser, John R. Rounds,Mark J. SchultzDEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICESCenters for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthOffice of Mine Safety and Health ResearchPittsburgh, PA • Spokane, WA January 20122
This document is in the public domain and may be freelycopied or reprinted.DisclaimerMention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). In addition, citations to Web sites external to NIOSHdo not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or their programs orproducts. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these Web sites. All Webaddresses referenced in this document were accessible as of the publication date.Ordering InformationTo receive documents or other information about occupational safety and health topics,contact NIOSH atTelephone: 1–800–CDC–INFO (1–800–232–4636)TTY: 1–888–232–6348e-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.govor visit the NIOSH Web site at www.cdc.gov/niosh.For a monthly update on news at NIOSH, subscribe to NIOSH eNews by visitingwww.cdc.gov/niosh/eNews.DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2012–112January 2012SAFER • HEALTHIER • PEOPLEii
Page 4: FUNDAMENTALS OF DUSTCOLLECTION SYST
Page 7 and 8: Minimizing Field Fits and Welds ...
Page 9 and 10: Recommendations for Proper Wet Dril
Page 11 and 12: CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES FOR FILLING 50
Page 13 and 14: Effective Filtration ..............
Page 15 and 16: ILLUSTRATIONSFigure 1.1. Relationsh
Page 17 and 18: Figure 3.2. The air and water flow
Page 22: Figure 9.5. Problem created by heat
Page 25 and 26: UNIT OF MEASURE ABBREVIATIONSUSED I
Page 28: Robert J. Franta, Quotation Enginee
Page 32 and 33: silica. Quartz is the most common s
Page 34 and 35: DUST CONTROL HANDBOOK FOR INDUSTRIA
Page 36 and 37: CHAPTER 1: FUNDAMENTALS OFDUST COLL
Page 38 and 39: The shape of particles affects how
Page 40 and 41: EXHAUST SYSTEMS DESIGNAll exhaust s
Page 42 and 43: stripping, which allows workers to
Page 44 and 45: When using the air quantities in Ta
Page 46 and 47: X = distance in feet from the face
Page 48 and 49: Checklist for Hood EffectivenessThe
Page 50 and 51: A major disadvantage of the high-ve
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A common misconception when designi
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Avoiding Mitered Elbows Greater Tha
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Figure 1.13. Depiction of the horiz
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Figure 1.14. Typical design of grav
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Baghouse CollectorsBaghouse dust co
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Table 1.2. Emission factors for cru
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Figure 1.17. Typical design of a me
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Reverse Jet (Pulse Jet) CollectorsR
Page 68 and 69:
Figure 1.20. Cartridge collector wi
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Wet scrubbers are particularly adva
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Electrostatic precipitators normall
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may be related to specific applicat
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times. When considering the depth o
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Figure 1.25. Demonstration of how a
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Figure 1.26. A typical fan performa
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Fan TypesThere are two basic types
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Figure 1.30. Typical centrifugal fa
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Figure 1.32. Typical roof ventilato
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DUST CONTROL HANDBOOK FOR INDUSTRIA
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The vast majority of dust particles
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Table 2.1. Particle/droplet size in
Page 95 and 96:
Air Atomizing NozzlesAir atomizing
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Hydraulic Flat Fan NozzlesFigure 2.
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for dust knockdown or suppression,
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Nozzle MaintenanceFigure 2.14. Typi
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Accidental DamageInadvertent harm t
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NDT Educational Resource Center, Io
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78 Wet Spray SystemsDUST CONTROL HA
Page 109 and 110:
contains a piston which delivers ha
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produce an increase in the penetrat
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Dry DrillingDry drilling is accompl
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Circular ShroudIn contrast to the u
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The collector airflow has a more su
Page 119 and 120:
Air-Blocking ShelfThe air-blocking
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dust emissions from mast lowering,
Page 123 and 124:
This simple procedure of creating a
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Figure 3.15. Air ring seal used to
Page 127 and 128:
Figure 3.17. Illustrations showing
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unsubstantiated due to the inconsis
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safety considerations may preclude
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Figure 3.22. A filtration unit, loc
Page 135 and 136:
Miller S, Emerick JC, Vogely WA [19
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USBM [1995]. The reduction of airbo
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110 Drilling and BlastingDUST CONTR
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Wet Control MethodsPREVENTION AND S
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Figure 4.2. Examples of compressive
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Figure 4.5. Illustration of a dry (
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Figure 4.6. Illustration of a dry (
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Wet dust control methods for crushi
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Work Practices to Minimize Dust Exp
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Some specialty grinding operations
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should be frequently inspected for
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Open screen decks slowly to allow i
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
CHAPTER 5: CONVEYING AND TRANSPORTT
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Figure 5.3. Basic depiction of mate
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that the material falls before land
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Figure 5.10. Skirtboard used within
Page 170 and 171:
CarrybackMaterial that sticks or cl
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CONVEYOR DESIGN AND MAINTENANCE ISS
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Figure 5.15. Conveyor transfer encl
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High-volume, high-pressure sprays s
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Figure 5.19. Depiction of a bucket
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Figure 5.21. Depiction of two types
Page 182 and 183:
Figure 5.25. Venturi eductor utiliz
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
CHAPTER 6: BAGGINGThis chapter disc
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caused during manufacturing, includ
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Overall PerforationsThe use of over
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Figure 6.5. Open-top bag being load
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Bagging operators should be aware t
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Figure 6.8. Exhaust hood to capture
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In the original design, a single no
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The OASIS is a relatively simple de
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Figure 6.13. Bag storage shelves sh
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Figure 6.14. Bag and belt cleaner d
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other industrial application using
Page 208 and 209:
The robotic arm automatic palletize
Page 210 and 211:
For many years, this plastic wrappi
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warehouse location until a later ti
Page 214 and 215:
used successfully to perform this c
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
CHAPTER 7: BULK LOADINGDuring the b
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Figure 7.2. Loading spout discharge
Page 222 and 223:
Cascading Loading SpoutFigure 7.5 i
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a seal at the entry and exit points
Page 226:
REFERENCESBiere G, Swinderman RT, M
Page 229 and 230:
200 Bulk LoadingDUST CONTROL HANDBO
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many years, as well as some new and
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Figure 8.2. Air spray manifold desi
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Figure 8.3. Test subject wearing po
Page 237 and 238:
Spills of product material are a co
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epetitive dust leaks should not sim
Page 241 and 242:
Effective Upward Airflow PatternThe
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Figure 8.8. Open-structure design c
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manually removing the bags and plac
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Figure 8.12. Increase in worker’s
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In other cases, an operation may wa
Page 251 and 252:
Cecala AB, O'Brien AD, Pollock DE,
Page 253 and 254:
224 Controls for Secondary SourcesD
Page 255 and 256:
where C o = outside respirable dust
Page 257 and 258:
minimal improvement in the cab's ai
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RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FILTRATION/PRES
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Effective FiltrationFigure 9.4. Res
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average decay times were between 16
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Figure 9.6. Filtration unit showing
Page 267 and 268:
This table highlights a number of c
Page 269 and 270:
NIOSH [2001b]. Technology news 486:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
upon the wind velocity (or disturba
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Maximum size is the largest particl
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Figure 10.4. Use of end-dumping wit
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conditions. Performance of each of
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A water truck, used to apply water
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Surfactants work by reducing the su
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which differed for the various site
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Figure 10.9. Self-tarping dump truc
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percent [Fryrear and Skidmore 1985]
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Figure 10.12. The armoring process
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A current method of stockpile forma
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Figure 10.15. Demonstration of how
Page 297 and 298:
Chekan GJ, Cecala AB, Colinet JF [2
Page 299 and 300:
Midwest Research Institute [1981].
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
GLOSSARYAbrader. An implement used
Page 306 and 307:
Carryback. Material that sticks or
Page 308 and 309:
End-dumping. A process of spreading
Page 310 and 311:
Open structure building design. A p
Page 312 and 313:
Table bushing. A bushing used to se
Page 314:
Delivering on the Nation’s promis
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