Smart & Good High Schools - The Flippen Group

CHAPTER 3: The Ethical Learning CommunityEndnotes1We are indebted to Dr. Harris B. Stratyner of Cornell University’sWeill Medical College for the term “care-frontation.”2W. Damon, J. Menon, & K.C. Bronk, “The development of purposeduring adolescence,” Applied Developmental Science, 2003, 7, 2,119-128.3K. Cotton, New small learning communities: Findings from recent literature.(Reston, VA: National Association of Secondary School Principals,2004); see also P. Walsey, “Small classes, small schools: Thetime is now,” Educational Leadership, 2002, 55, 5, 6-10.4M.D. Resnick, P.S. Bearman, R.W. Blum et al., “Protecting adolescentsfrom harm: Findings from the National Longitudinal Studyon Adolescent Health,” JAMA, 1997, 278, 823-832.5R. Elmore, “Building a new structure for school leadership,” TheAlbert Shanker Institute (Winter, 2000).6We thank Charles Elbot for the concept of “official” and “unofficialschool culture.”7Cited in C. Elbot, D. Fulton, & B. Evans, Educating for character inthe Denver Public Schools. (Denver, CO: Denver Public Schools, 2003).8Cited in D.L. McCabe & G. Pavela, “Some good news about academicintegrity,” Change Magazine (September/October 2000).9McCabe & Pavela.10McCabe, private communication, 2004.11McCabe.12J. McPhee, The headmaster: Frank L. Boyden of Deerfield. (New York:Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1992).13Quoted in J. Mathews, “Why you shouldn’t teach moderate drinking,”www.washingtonpost.com (May 7, 2004).14The booklet, A Parent’s Guide for the Prevention of Alcohol,Tobacco and Other Drug Use, is available athttp://www.thecommunityofconcern.org/book/default.asp15Mathews.16National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health.17National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at ColumbiaUniversity, 2004 CASA national survey of American attitudes on substanceabuse IX: Teen dating practices and sexual activity (2004).18See also B.C. Miller et al., “Dating age and stage as correlates ofadolescent sexual attitudes and behavior,” Journal of AdolescentResearch, 1986, 1, 3.19K.A. Moore & J. Zaff, “Building a better teenager: A summary of‘what works’ in adolescent development,” Child Trends Research Brief,www.childtrends.org (November 2002).20National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, 2004.21P. Silva & R.A. Mackin, Standards of mind and heart: Creating thegood high school. (New York: Teachers College Press, 2002).22J.S. Eccles et al., “Development during adolescence: The impactof stage-environment fit on young adolescents’ experiences inschools and families,” American Psychologist, 1993, 48, 90-101.23F.C. Power, A. Higgins, & L. Kohlberg, Lawrence Kohlberg’s approachto moral education. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1989).24E.A. Grady, After cluster school: A study of the impact in adulthood of amoral education intervention project. Unpublished doctoral dissertation,Harvard University, 1994.25R. Mosher (Ed.), Moral education: A first generation of research anddevelopment. (New York: Praeger, 1980).26H.J. Freiberg, “Turning around at-risk schools through consistencymanagement,” Journal of Negro Education, 1989, 58, 372-382.27http://www.indiana.edu/~nsse/hssse/28R. Allen, “Making high schools better,” Education Update (August,2004).29R. Gamrath-Schauman & D. Stirling, Students as allies: St. Louis (St.Louis: CharacterPlus, 2004).30For an example of an exit survey, see R. Stein, R. Richin, R. Banyon,F. Banyon, & M. Stein, Connecting character to conduct: Helping studentsdo the right thing. (Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervisionand Curriculum Development, 2000).31S. Berman, “Practicing democracy in high school,” EducationalLeadership (September 2003), 38.32R. Mosher et al., Preparing for citizenship. (Westport, CT: Praeger,1994).33Power, Higgins, & Kohlberg.34F.C. Power, “Democratic schools and the power of moral authority,”in W.M. Kurtines & J.L. Gewirtz (Eds.), Handbook of moral behaviorand development, vol. 3. (Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates,1991).35Forthcoming from M. Berkowitz & M. Bier at www.character.org.For unpublished manuscript contact berkowitz@umsl.edu36J. Gauld, Hyde: Preparation for life. (Bath, ME: The Hyde Foundation,2003).37R. Berger, An ethic of excellence. (Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann,2003).38B. Bloom (Ed.), Developing talent in young people. (New York: BallatineBooks, 1985).39D. Popenoe, “The roots of declining social virtue: Family, community,and the need for a ‘natural communities’ policy,” in M.A. Glendon& D. Blankenhorn (Eds.), Seedbeds of virtue. (New York: MadisonBooks, 1995).40F.A. Ianni, The search for structure: A report on American youth today.(New York: Free Press, 1989).41T. Lickona, Character matters. (New York: Touchstone, 2004).42Stratyner.43J.C. Gibbs, Moral development and reality (Thousand Oaks, CA: SagePublications, 2003).44Gauld.45L. Gauld & M. Gauld, The biggest job we’ll ever have: The Hyde Schoolprogram for character-based education and parenting. (New York: Scribner,2002).As our character grows, our egodiminishes.—LOUIS TARTAGLIA60Smart & Good High Schools