CHAPTER 4: <strong>The</strong> Professional Ethical Learning Communityare our challenges? What are our struggles? What is keepingus from doing our best?Cultivating collegiality is a signature practice of the PELC.PELC 1: Develop shared purpose.Promising Practice 5:1.5 Tell your school’s “story,” conveyingPELC its history, purpose, and identity.Peter Senge and colleagues argue that thepurpose and identity of an organization are shaped andsustained through a process of continuously telling thestories that embody the organization’s mission and sharedvalues. 14 Cultures are defined by the stories they tell themselves.Building upon these ideas, DuFour and Eakerargue for deliberate and sustained attempts to “communicate,amplify, and validate” the defining narrative of acommunity. Consider: What is your school’s story?In our research, we found the stories schools told themselves—inmeetings, retreats, written histories, and everydayconversations— to be very powerful shapers of cultureand character. We heard stories of schools on theverge of closing that had revived themselves. We heardstories about changes in leadership, stories about criticalincidents, stories of pain, struggle, and growth.Faculty, staff, and administrators are the primary torchbearersfor the important stories regarding the purposeand identity of the school. Over the years, such storieskeep alive the soul of the institution.PELC 1: Develop shared purpose.Promising Practice 6:1.6 Celebrate your school’s purpose,PELC people, and progress.Celebrating the school’s purpose, people,and progress is a critical part of cultivating shared purposeand identity. <strong>The</strong>re was a definite sense of joy in thebest schools we visited. <strong>The</strong>re was laughter—self-effacingpersonal and institutional humor. <strong>The</strong>re were rituals andceremonies and celebrations that made the communitiesfeel as much like a family as a workplace. <strong>The</strong>re was aclear pattern of celebrating the purpose of the school, thepeople who make the school great, and the progressmade in their quest for excellence and ethics.One school district we visited had established WorkplaceExcellence Awards (see box below). A brochure on theprogram explains the criteria for the award: “living outthe five core commitments of mutual trust and respect,investment in others, personal productivity, relationshipswith students, and customer service.” To publicize theprogram, the district made a video about the award’s firstrecipient, a female bus driver. In the video she says:I’m passionate about my job; I love my work. I’m alwaystalking to my kids about safe loading and unloading andresponsible behavior. I can be a vital part of their day. Weare professionals; we have to put that out there. We are thefirst adult staff member they see in the morning and thelast representative of the school they see at night. A smileand a “How’re you doing?” can go a long way.WORKPLACE EXCELLENCE AWARDS1. Nomination forms go to every district employee.2. All nominations are submitted to a WorkplaceExcellence Team made up of 20 representatives ofall employee groups (teachers, administrators, clericalstaff, custodians, etc.).3. All persons who are nominated receive the award.4. At a whole-school ceremony, each honoree receivesa pin, a plaque, and a golden apple. Each year, abooklet is published that includes the text of thenomination of every recipient.68<strong>Smart</strong> & <strong>Good</strong> <strong>High</strong> <strong>Schools</strong>
CHAPTER 4: <strong>The</strong> Professional Ethical Learning CommunityPELC Principle 2:Align practices with desired outcomesand relevant research.Our hedgehog premise (“Stay focused on the unifyinggoals of excellence and ethics”) is that all things inthe life of the school—curriculum, discipline, co-curricularactivities, rituals, and traditions—are opportunities todevelop performance character and moral character.However, in order to fully utilize these opportunities, wemust begin, as Stephen Covey points out, with the end inmind. 15 We must have before us at all times the twin goalsof excellence and ethics, using those goals to guide us ina continuous process of action and reflection. Thisprocess includes aligning our major programs and practiceswith our mission, but it also includes aligning smaller,everyday matters (homework policies, classroomassignments, supervision of hallway behavior, how werespond to a student who puts down a peer) whoseimportance for character development can easily beunderestimated.We must begin with the end in mind.For the past two decades, state learning standards, byspelling out what students need to know and be able todo in every subject area, have directed schools to shiftfrom a focus on “inputs” to a focus on educational outcomes.In spite of this push, we often continue as educatorsto be “input junkies,” debating, for example, onwhen students should study a particular work, this or thatmethod of discipline, or the merits of direct versus cooperativeinstruction. <strong>The</strong>se “inputs” are important, but onlyas they are linked to the outcomes we seek to realize. 16 Inthis report, by urging high school educators to align all oftheir practices with performance character and moralcharacter, we are encouraging them to apply a principleof school reform —focusing on outcomes—whose validityhas become widely accepted.As the foundation of the ELC, the members of the PELChave primary responsibility for this process of aligningpractices with desired outcomes. (<strong>The</strong>y don’t have exclusiveresponsibility; other groups in the ELC can also contributeto alignment. Recall our example in Chapter 3(page 40) of the high school parents who launched aresearch-based campaign to discourage other parentsfrom approving “moderate” teenage drinking.) Aligningpractices with excellence and ethics begins by asking: Inthe life of our school, what are the opportunities to developperformance character? What are the opportunities todevelop moral character?PROMISING PRACTICES FOR ALIGNING PRACTICESWITH DESIRED OUTCOMES AND RELEVANTRESEARCH1. Align practices with desired outcomes (performancecharacter, moral character, and the 8 strengths ofcharacter).2. Examine existing research on desired outcomes.3. Examine existing research on educational practicesthat contribute to desired outcomes.4. Engage in a continuous cycle of research-basedaction and reflection (Re-BAR) in order to assesseffectiveness and plan next steps.PELC 2: Align practices.Promising Practice 1:2.1 Align practices with desiredPELC outcomes (performance character,moral character, and the 8 strengthsof character).<strong>The</strong> first step in an “alignment audit” is for the PELC toexamine existing practices—in curriculum, advisories, discipline,student government, co-curricular activities, parentinvolvement, system decision-making, and the functioningof the PELC itself (e.g., the way faculty meetingsare run)—and ask: How do these practices contribute to:(1) excellence (the development of performance character),(2) ethics (the development of moral character), and(3) the eight strengths of character that make up performancecharacter and moral character?That audit should also ask, How do our practices promoteexcellence, ethics, and the eight strengths of characteramong all four key stakeholder groups—faculty and staff, students,parents, and the wider community—that make upthe ethical learning community?Finally, are there “practice gaps”—desired outcomes forwhich we currently have no strong practices? For example,in our survey of students on our Student LeadersPanel, students typically rated their schools as contributingsignificantly to some of the eight strengths of character(e.g., diligent and capable performer, respectful andresponsible moral agent) but much less significantly to69<strong>Smart</strong> & <strong>Good</strong> <strong>High</strong> <strong>Schools</strong>