Proceedings of the Workshop - United Nations Office for Outer ...

interest in the utilization of space science and technology, transfer of technologyand developing genuine capabilities in space activities might be well served;i. Environmental ProtectionWith the understanding that space science and technology shall contribute tohumanity, the pending regulation of space activities shall be “environmentaloriented”rather than “use-oriented” to secure sustainable development;j. Protection of Intellectual Property RightsRealizing that space activities might involve the application of high technology andnew inventions, it is the duty of the Government of Indonesia to properly protectdomestic and foreign intellectual property rights relevant to space activities. Suchprotection shall be reflected in the formulation of the draft national Space Act.k. Participation of Private Entities in Space ActivitiesIn line with the increasing role of the private sector in space activities, the draft thenational Space Act will regulate procedures and mechanisms for participation ofprivate sectors in space activities. Such provisions will also cover rights as wellobligations /liability of the private sector for its activities;l. Dispute Resolution MechanismTheoretically, in parallel with the rapid growth of space activities, it will create agreater number of disputes. To anticipate such possible situation, an effective andfair dispute resolution mechanism for space activities is required. Such a disputesettlement mechanism shall cover administrative, technical and legal disputes. Theexistence of an effective and fair dispute resolution mechanism will secure andboost orderly space activities.4. Implementation of Space PolicyAs a developing nation with limited financial resources, Indonesia faces a lot ofconstraints in implementing its space policy. Moreover, the multidimensional crisis faced byIndonesia since 1997 has deteriorated its capacity to achieve its space targets, priorities andprograms. Therefore, the emphasis of national space activities relevant to national developmenthas been placed on the application of space technology to enhance the welfare of all Indonesianpeople and on other space-related efforts required for the sustainability of such activities. Owingto its specific conditions and geographical location, Indonesia views space technology and itsapplications as a powerful and efficient tool that can make a significant contribution to solve themultitude of development problems confronting countries.In general, applications of space technology as an implementation of national spacepolicy can be described as follows:1. TelecommunicationAt the moment some Indonesian legal entities, both state owned enterprises and privatelegal entities are operating telecommunication satellites, such as: 2 Palapa B satellites series; 1Palapa C satellite; Indostar (Cakrawarta) satellite for direct television broadcasting; Telkom-1satellite for fixed communication, broadcasting and mobile; Garuda-1 satellite for personal globalmobile communication.2. Remote Sensing ApplicationsPractical applications of remote sensing data to be used for:a. Inventory of irrigated rice field;