Merging Ethiopian Wise-Counsel Mediation and Facilitative ...

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I.3 About this Training ManualThis manual is developed by a group of Ethiopian mediators, all ofwhom received their mediation qualification (in total 177 hours) 4through the Mediation Qualification Programme. It is developed asa practitioner’s tool with the objective to facilitate an enhanced practicalunderstanding about facilitative and Ethiopian wise-counselmediation, and to help develop practical mediation skills in orderto contribute to the institutionalisation and mainstreaming processof mediation in Ethiopia. As such, it provides theoretical input onfacilitative and wise-counsel mediation and their merger, as well aspractical instructions for exercises and activities related to mediation.The manual addresses mediation practitioners at different levels,which means state and non-state actors, elders at the local communitylevel, scholars, and institutions working on peace building andconflict resolution. While it focuses on the Ethiopian context, it canbe used for other countries/cultures as an example of how to integrate“imported” conflict resolution methods into local wisdom."…...the idea was born to envisage a project that brings the differentmediation approaches together. I myself had undergone a very inspiringand intensive mediation qualification in Europe and was therefore keento research the possibility of merging the mediation style practiced inrural communities in Ethiopia with the facilitative mediation style that ispopular in Europe. It was an experiment worth testing and applying."~Claudia Roos, GIZ Ethiopia Manager for Instruments and Cross CuttingIssues, formerly CPS coordinator.4 According to the German "Act for the Promotion of Mediation and other Procedures of Extrajudicial Conflict Settlement"”(Gesetz zur Förderung der Mediation und andererVerfahren der außergerichtlichen Konfliktbeilegung), which entered into force on July 26, 2012, the requirement for mediation certification is successful completion of a minimumof 120 hours of training. http://kluwermediationblog.com/2012/01/09/new-german-mediation-law-passed-in-the-bundestag/. According to the German Association of Mediators(Bundesmediationsverband) 200 hours are needed for a certificate (www.bmev.de).10 Mediation Trainer’s Manual
I.4 How to use this Training ManualThis training manual is prepared for anyone who wants to facilitatea participatory training process in conflict mediation. The useof the manual, however, is not limited to mediation trainers only.The manual can be used as a basic reference and working guide toany institution or association of people who want to institutionalisemediation capacities.As a training guide, the manual is best applied in the Ethiopiancontext with or without translation into local languages as situationsmay warrant. Since the entire organisation of its contents is bydesign practice-oriented, participants are expected to learn by doingand lead the process of learning. Whatever language and other backgroundsthe participants may have, the training approach guided bythis manual facilitates learning by relating concepts to practical lifesituations, cases and personal experiences.Participatory learning exercises and games are a key componentof the manual. Most people like games, but there are individualdifferences in appreciating and participating in learning processesthat involve games. Hence the trainer has to make careful assessmentsof how to introduce and facilitate participatory learning gamesand exercises depending on cultural appropriateness (includinggender, age, social status and social codes of proper conduct); thelevel of the participants’ exposure, understanding and choice andother context-specific factors. In general, all games and exercises inthis manual are tested to have worked and to have been appreciatedin the Ethiopian context.Trainers can prepare additional handouts from the manual byextracting content that does not relate to the trainers’ instructions,guides and tips. The trainer may use additional resources such asvideos on mock-mediation sessions and materials for case analysis.However, in using such materials, trainers should consider sessionrelevance, participants’ level of understanding and the time factor.Overall the material is designed to be user friendly. Academicdiscussions and in-depth analyses of concepts are deliberatelyavoided in this manual since the objective is to equip users withmediation skills in a simple, practical and objective manner. To beeffective, it is important that the manual is trained by a skilled andexperienced mediator.The manual is designed to train skills in mediation and it willtake approximately two weeks to complete all exercises. However, itis produced as a “model kit” out of which the trainer might select thesequences and exercises that best suit the trainer’s environment andtarget group. The rationale behind this is that each training shouldbe tailored to the interests and needs of the target group. Therefore,the sequence of the training sessions and exercises follows the logicof how we suggest conducting the training but it should be modifiedaccording to the target group and context.The manual is composed of seven parts. Part I includes a forewordand a general background. A brief Part II then focuses on thehistory and background of the merger of facilitative mediation withwise-counsel mediation and presents their methodical commonalities,differences and synergies. Part III is the core of the manual.Here, crucial elements for mediation sessions, such as understandingconflict; the principle of win-win; change of perspective; the importanceof grounding questions; and positions, interests and needs(PIN) are introduced. The mediation process and its ethical normsare also highlighted here.As this book is also prepared as a trainer’s manual, Part IVexplores general training skills useful in delivering mediationtraining. References (Part V) and authors’ biographies (Part VI) andappendices (Part VII) follow.The manual’s users are encouraged to contact the authors, GIZCPS, and inmedio Berlin for any backstopping support. It is our hopethat you will find this material to be a valuable and user-friendlyresource and enjoy working with it. We wish you a productive useof the manual!Introduction11
Page 9: I.2 General BackgroundThe Civil Pea
Page 13 and 14: II.1An Overview of Mediation in the
Page 15 and 16: "In wise-council hearings we mainly
Page 18 and 19: II.3The Marriage of Wise-Counsel an
Page 21: III.1.3Glasl's Definition of Confli
Page 24 and 25: Step 2: Ask the participants to div
Page 26 and 27: 26 Mediation Trainer’s ManualObse
Page 28 and 29: Step 8: Apply these lessons learned
Page 30 and 31: Step 3: Present a second story,“"
Page 32 and 33: III.3.1 Case Study: The 1978 Camp D
Page 34 and 35: Step 4: Referring to the Fishery Ga
Page 36 and 37: Step 2: Draw the Onion Model on a f
Page 38 and 39: Step 2: Introduce a set of groundin
Page 40 and 41: 40 Mediation Trainer’s ManualStep
Page 42 and 43: III.3.6 Exercise: The Ladder 28To e
Page 44 and 45: 2 3456Figures 2 and 3In pictures 2
Page 48 and 49: Step 3: In the second round, the st
Page 50 and 51: The participants will probably have
Page 52 and 53: 7. Empowering PartiesThe autonomy o
Page 54 and 55: III.5.3 Stages of MediationSuccessf
Page 56 and 57: III.6Communication in Mediation“A
Page 58 and 59: Self-revelationFactualMessageAppeal
Page 60 and 61:
III.6.2 Communication ExerciseTo de
Page 62 and 63:
III.6.3 The Importance of Body Lang
Page 64 and 65:
Self-managementSelf-management supp
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Exercise: The Use of Body LanguageT
Page 69 and 70:
III.6.5Bringing Difficult Messages
Page 71 and 72:
III.7Conflict Perspective Analysis
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Party B. I, The community Represent
Page 75 and 76:
Step 5: Identify options for win-wi
Page 77 and 78:
III.9Understanding the Stages of Co
Page 79 and 80:
III.9.2Exercise: Applying the Nine
Page 81 and 82:
Stage 4: Images, CoalitionsWhat do
Page 83 and 84:
Stage 6: Strategies of ThreatVery o
Page 85:
Stage 8: Fragmentation of the Enemy
Page 88 and 89:
III.10 Intervention Design for Diff
Page 90 and 91:
Sample case:victims. Years later, a
Page 92 and 93:
III.11How to set up and Work in a M
Page 94 and 95:
Elders and the representatives from
Page 96 and 97:
Part IV TRAINING SKILLS“Kan qabut
Page 98 and 99:
3. How to create and keep attention
Page 100 and 101:
Mediation ScenarioThe role play wil
Page 102 and 103:
Part V REFERENCESAll photographs in
Page 104 and 105:
Part VI ABOUT THE AUTHORSThis Manua
Page 106 and 107:
is currently a senior expert for en
Page 108 and 109:
also given different values. For ex
Page 111 and 112:
Appendix C111
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