Merging Ethiopian Wise-Counsel Mediation and Facilitative ...

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Stage 5: Loss of FaceSo far, the attacks were aimed at the competences of the other side (unskilled, old-fashioned, simple-minded, etc.). Next, the partiesstart to question each other's moral integrity. They start to think that the other side is not just stupid and incompetent,—they are criminal,ill-minded, liars, traitors or evil. That is, they lose their human face. The party who thinks so will search for evidence and once they findit, they'll present it publically. Usually the reaction of the attacked party is very strong. In retaliation, they will try to prove that it is thosewho accuse them who are the criminal liars, so they'll undertake reciprocal action to "even the score". The original conflict issues arecompletely forgotten. It's all about values now: "We cannot cooperate with murderers! We have to cast them out!"Sample case: The GC has also started to build a school. One night, there happens to be a fire and all the timber gets burned. They are outraged:"OC lit the fire! They are arsonists! Criminals! People could have been killed and they wouldn't have minded! This shows how evil theyreally are!"OC' reaction: "No, they are liars! They lit the fire themselves just to accuse us! One month ago, a girl was raped by one of them. They area real threat! How blind and naive have we been not to recognise earlier how dangerous they are! We must not cooperate any longer!"Earlier on, GC and OC would have made a joint effort to find the rapist and the arsonist and punish the culprits no matter whichcommunity they were from. But at this stage of escalation, such incidents are perceived as a revelation of the "true nature" of the otherside and are used to mobilise the population for revenge.??82 Mediation Trainer’s Manual
Stage 6: Strategies of ThreatVery often things move forward extremely quickly from this point. The conflict becomes dominated by threats and counter-threats.Not rhetorical tricks as in stage two, but serious threats:—usually a massive demand combined with a potential sanction and often anultimatum. These threats are meant to be very powerful, but parties can no longer see the great unlikelihood that the other side willfulfil the demands. For them, this would mean completely giving in. The party who made the threat in order to feel powerful in a sensenow puts their fate into the other's hands because what the threatening party does next now fully depends on how the threatenedparty responds.Sample case: GC: "We want you to hand over the culprits and the head of police as well because we know that he was informed! Your major needs toofficially apologise. This has to happen within 48 hours, otherwise we will block the bridges to protect our property."OC: "We cannot hand anybody over because none of us did it. Stop accusing us! Your major lied about this and needs to resign orwe'll cut off the electricity we've been selling you from our power plant. Sorry, but we cannot make business with people who lie tous this way."/ //??/Mediation Training Toolbox83
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I.2 General BackgroundThe Civil Pea
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I.4 How to use this Training Manual
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II.1An Overview of Mediation in the
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"In wise-council hearings we mainly
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II.3The Marriage of Wise-Counsel an
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III.1.3Glasl's Definition of Confli
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Step 2: Ask the participants to div
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26 Mediation Trainer’s ManualObse
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Step 8: Apply these lessons learned
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Step 3: Present a second story,“"
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Page 34 and 35: Step 4: Referring to the Fishery Ga
Page 36 and 37: Step 2: Draw the Onion Model on a f
Page 38 and 39: Step 2: Introduce a set of groundin
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Page 42 and 43: III.3.6 Exercise: The Ladder 28To e
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Page 48 and 49: Step 3: In the second round, the st
Page 50 and 51: The participants will probably have
Page 52 and 53: 7. Empowering PartiesThe autonomy o
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Page 56 and 57: III.6Communication in Mediation“A
Page 58 and 59: Self-revelationFactualMessageAppeal
Page 60 and 61: III.6.2 Communication ExerciseTo de
Page 62 and 63: III.6.3 The Importance of Body Lang
Page 64 and 65: Self-managementSelf-management supp
Page 66: Exercise: The Use of Body LanguageT
Page 69 and 70: III.6.5Bringing Difficult Messages
Page 71 and 72: III.7Conflict Perspective Analysis
Page 73 and 74: Party B. I, The community Represent
Page 75 and 76: Step 5: Identify options for win-wi
Page 77 and 78: III.9Understanding the Stages of Co
Page 79 and 80: III.9.2Exercise: Applying the Nine
Page 81: Stage 4: Images, CoalitionsWhat do
Page 85: Stage 8: Fragmentation of the Enemy
Page 88 and 89: III.10 Intervention Design for Diff
Page 90 and 91: Sample case:victims. Years later, a
Page 92 and 93: III.11How to set up and Work in a M
Page 94 and 95: Elders and the representatives from
Page 96 and 97: Part IV TRAINING SKILLS“Kan qabut
Page 98 and 99: 3. How to create and keep attention
Page 100 and 101: Mediation ScenarioThe role play wil
Page 102 and 103: Part V REFERENCESAll photographs in
Page 104 and 105: Part VI ABOUT THE AUTHORSThis Manua
Page 106 and 107: is currently a senior expert for en
Page 108 and 109: also given different values. For ex
Page 111 and 112: Appendix C111
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