Merging Ethiopian Wise-Counsel Mediation and Facilitative ...

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2 3456Figures 2 and 3In pictures 2 and 3, the mediator talks with the conflicting parties. Both parties nowopen their fists and you can see kollo pieces in their hands. This step of the mediationcan be done in individual sessions.What does it mean?Using grounding questions and other communication skills, the mediator intervenesto help each party open up (open the fist). The mediator helps the party focus oninterests, needs and fears (kollo pieces) rather than on demands or positions. Nowthe party can better see and understand his own interests, which is the first steptowards understanding the other party. This self-clarification is the precondition forthe next step: the change of perspective.Figures 4 and 5The three persons sit together in a triangle arrangement, with the mediator sittingbetween the two parties. Now both parties look at each other. Their facial expressionsare relaxed and they even look into each other’s eyes and smile faintly. Withthe kollo on their palms, they hold their open hands towards each other and explainsomething about their kollo pieces to each other. In picture 5 they even exchangepieces of kollo.What does it mean?The parties are now ready to talk to each other and explain their formerly-hidden interests,emotions, needs and fears (their different kollo pieces). They are also ready to listen attentively,to understand and to acknowledge the other party. A change of perspective can takeplace now.Figure 6The parties hug each other.What does it mean?After the parties are able to understand each other and to change their perspectives,they are ready to find a solution that benefits both sides (win-win-solution).However, we must keep in mind that to understand doesn’t necessarily mean toagree. To understand only means to respect that things look different from the otherparty’s point of view. In other words, “There are always a 100 good reasons for even‘bad’ behaviour.” At the end of the mediation process, the parties agree on a sustainablesolution and improve or even restore their relationship. The conflict is solved.44 Mediation Trainer’s Manual
As we have seen so far, it is imperative to understand the parties’ positions, interests and needs(PIN) in order to understand their inner drives in the conflict, to reflect these back to them andto help them find creative solutions to their problems. However, for mediators it is not enoughto explore parties’ issues, and for the parties it is not enough to reflect on how they are feeling.Mediators also need to facilitate a process whereby parties exchange these perspectives and workthrough their problems in a cooperative, empathic manner. We examine techniques for suchexchange in the next section.Mediation Training Toolbox45
Page 9 and 10: I.2 General BackgroundThe Civil Pea
Page 11 and 12: I.4 How to use this Training Manual
Page 13 and 14: II.1An Overview of Mediation in the
Page 15 and 16: "In wise-council hearings we mainly
Page 18 and 19: II.3The Marriage of Wise-Counsel an
Page 21: III.1.3Glasl's Definition of Confli
Page 24 and 25: Step 2: Ask the participants to div
Page 26 and 27: 26 Mediation Trainer’s ManualObse
Page 28 and 29: Step 8: Apply these lessons learned
Page 30 and 31: Step 3: Present a second story,“"
Page 32 and 33: III.3.1 Case Study: The 1978 Camp D
Page 34 and 35: Step 4: Referring to the Fishery Ga
Page 36 and 37: Step 2: Draw the Onion Model on a f
Page 38 and 39: Step 2: Introduce a set of groundin
Page 40 and 41: 40 Mediation Trainer’s ManualStep
Page 42 and 43: III.3.6 Exercise: The Ladder 28To e
Page 48 and 49: Step 3: In the second round, the st
Page 50 and 51: The participants will probably have
Page 52 and 53: 7. Empowering PartiesThe autonomy o
Page 54 and 55: III.5.3 Stages of MediationSuccessf
Page 56 and 57: III.6Communication in Mediation“A
Page 58 and 59: Self-revelationFactualMessageAppeal
Page 60 and 61: III.6.2 Communication ExerciseTo de
Page 62 and 63: III.6.3 The Importance of Body Lang
Page 64 and 65: Self-managementSelf-management supp
Page 66: Exercise: The Use of Body LanguageT
Page 69 and 70: III.6.5Bringing Difficult Messages
Page 71 and 72: III.7Conflict Perspective Analysis
Page 73 and 74: Party B. I, The community Represent
Page 75 and 76: Step 5: Identify options for win-wi
Page 77 and 78: III.9Understanding the Stages of Co
Page 79 and 80: III.9.2Exercise: Applying the Nine
Page 81 and 82: Stage 4: Images, CoalitionsWhat do
Page 83 and 84: Stage 6: Strategies of ThreatVery o
Page 85: Stage 8: Fragmentation of the Enemy
Page 88 and 89: III.10 Intervention Design for Diff
Page 90 and 91: Sample case:victims. Years later, a
Page 92 and 93: III.11How to set up and Work in a M
Page 94 and 95:
Elders and the representatives from
Page 96 and 97:
Part IV TRAINING SKILLS“Kan qabut
Page 98 and 99:
3. How to create and keep attention
Page 100 and 101:
Mediation ScenarioThe role play wil
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Part V REFERENCESAll photographs in
Page 104 and 105:
Part VI ABOUT THE AUTHORSThis Manua
Page 106 and 107:
is currently a senior expert for en
Page 108 and 109:
also given different values. For ex
Page 111 and 112:
Appendix C111
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