Color Atlas of Hematology - Practical Microscopic and Clinical ...

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166Erythrocyte and Thrombocyte AbnormalitiesTable 29Most common triggers of drug-induced immunothrombocytopeniaAnalgesicsAntibioticsAnticonvulsive drugsArsenic, e. g., in waterQuinidineQuinineDigitalis preparationsFurosemideGold saltsHeparin!IsoniazidMethyldopaSpironolactoneTolbutamide“Idiopathic” immunothrombocytopenia. The name is largely historical,because often a trigger is found.➤ Postinfectious = acute form, usually occurs in children after rubella,mumps, or measles.➤ Essential thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura (Werlhof disease)Thrombocyte antibodies develop without an identifiable trigger. This isthus a primary autoimmune disease specifically targeting thrombocytes.Secondary immunothrombocytopenias, e.g., in lupus erythematosus andother forms of immune vasculitis, lymphomas, and tuberculosis.Post-transfusion purpura occurs mostly in women about one week after ablood transfusion, often after earlier transfusions or pregnancy.Thrombocytopenia in microangiopathy. This group includes thrombotic–thrombocytopenic purpura (see p. 144) and disseminated intravascularcoagulation.Thrombocytopenia in hypersplenism of whatever etiology.Fig. 59 Continued. c Pseudothrombocytopenia. The thrombocytes are not lying free and scattered around, but agglutinated together, leading to a reading ofthrombocytopenia from the automated blood analyzer. d Giant thrombocyte (aslarge as an erythrocyte) in thrombocytopenia. Döhle-type bluish inclusion (arrow)in the normally granulated segmented neutrophilic granulocyte: May-Hegglinanomaly.
Thrombocytes: increases, reductions, and anomalies may beseencdeFig. 59 e Large thrombocyte (1) in thrombocytopenia. Thrombocyte-like fragmentsfrom destroyed granulocytes (cytoplasmic fragments) (2), which have thesame structure and staining characteristics as the cytoplasm of band granulocytes(3). Clinical status of sepsis with disseminated intravascular coagulation. In automatedcounters cytoplasmic fragments are included in the thrombocyte fraction.167
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iiiColor Atlas of HematologyPractic
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vPrefaceOur Current EditionAlthough
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viiContentsPhysiology and Pathophys
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ContentsixAcute Lymphoblastic Leuke
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2Physiology and Pathophysiology of
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Normal Cells of the Blood andHemato
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Normally erythropoiesis takes place
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34Normal Cells of the Blood and Hem
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Advancing nuclear contraction and s
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Note the granulations, inclusions,
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Abnormalities of the White Cell Ser
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Predominance of Mononuclear Round t
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During lymphatic reactive states, v
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Extreme transformation of lymphocyt
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Monotonous proliferation of small l
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Atypical lymphocytes are not part o
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Deep nuclear indentation suggests f
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Cytoplasmic processes the main feat
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Plasmacytoma cannot be diagnosed wi
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Atypias and differential diagnoses
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Bone marrow diagnosis is indicated
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Conspicuously large numbers of mono
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Fundamental characteristic of acute
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The diagnosis of acute leukemia is
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Acute leukemias may also derive fro
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New WHO classification: AML with dy
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The cells in acute lymphocytic leuk
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In unexplained anemia and/or leukoc
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The classification of myelodysplasi
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Prevalence of Polynuclear (Segmente
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Predominance of the granulocytic li
Page 125 and 126: Prevalence of Polynuclear (Segmente
Page 127 and 128: Left shift as far as myeloblasts, p
Page 129 and 130: Bone marrow analysis is not obligat
Page 131 and 132: In the course of chronic myeloid le
Page 133 and 134: Enlarged spleen and presence of imm
Page 135 and 136: Eosinophilia and basophilia are usu
Page 137 and 138: Erythrocyte and ThrombocyteAbnormal
Page 139 and 140: Hypochromic Anemias129Insufficient
Page 141 and 142: Hypochromic Anemias131BSGIron Ferri
Page 143 and 144: Small, hemoglobin-poor erythrocytes
Page 145 and 146: Hypochromic erythrocytes of very va
Page 147 and 148: Hypochromic Anemias137Hypochromic S
Page 149 and 150: Hypochromic anemia without iron def
Page 151 and 152: Consistently elevated “young” e
Page 153 and 154: Distribution pattern and shape of e
Page 155 and 156: Conspicuous erythrocyte morphology
Page 157 and 158: Unexplained decrease in cell counts
Page 159 and 160: Hypochromic Anemias149Differential
Page 161 and 162: Thrombocytopenia with leukocytosis
Page 163 and 164: Conspicuous large erythrocytes sugg
Page 165 and 166: In older patients, myelodysplastic
Page 167 and 168: Small inclusions are usually a sign
Page 169 and 170: PlasmodiumfalciparumPlasmodiumvivax
Page 171 and 172: Conspicuous erythrocyte inclusions
Page 173 and 174: Bone marrow analysis contributes to
Page 175: Thrombocytes: increases, reductions
Page 179 and 180: Variant forms of thrombocyte and me
Page 181 and 182: Thrombocyte proliferation with larg
Page 183 and 184: Cytology of Organ Biopsiesand Exuda
Page 185 and 186: Lymph Node Cytology175Anamnesis- su
Page 187 and 188: Reactive lymph node hyperplasia and
Page 189 and 190: Lymph Node Cytology179Contact witha
Page 191 and 192: Epithelioid cells dominate the lymp
Page 193 and 194: In cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma an
Page 195 and 196: Accessible cysts (e.g., branchial c
Page 197 and 198: Tumor cells can be identified in pl
Page 199 and 200: Viral, bacterial, and malignant men
Page 201 and 202: 191IndexAActinomycosis 179Addison d
Page 203 and 204: Index193Disseminated intravascularc
Page 205 and 206: Index195blast crisis 120-121bone ma
Page 207 and 208: Index197in hemolytic anemia 140orth
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