Color Atlas of Hematology - Practical Microscopic and Clinical ...

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178Cytology of Organ Biopsies and ExudatesTable 30 Sequence of steps in the diagnosis of reactive lymphomaAnamnesis Symptoms Tentative diagnosis Diagnostic studies Cytology HistologyRapid progression(fever)Localized, painful Perifocal lymphadenitisSearch for diseasefocus, non-specificchanges in CBC andESR() Non-specificlymphadenitisRapid progression,fever,sore throatDiffuse, painfult;angina, possiblyspleenMononucleosis Pfeiffer cells in theblood analysis, EBVserology (1)() Adenitis withhistiocytosisMost children Nuchal lymphnodes, laterexanthemaRubella Plasma cells in theblood,rubella-AHT (2)Ingestion of rawmeatContact with catsDiffuse Toxoplasmosis Serology (3) () Withepithelioid cells andmacrophagesEpithelioid celllymphadenitisPharyngitis( conjunctivitis)LocalNeck areaCommon viruses,specific adenovirusesComplement fixationreaction (adenoviruses,less commonlycoxsackieviruses)(4)Slow growth,general malaiseInflamed lymphnodes, possiblyfistulaeTuberculosis Thorax, local primaryinfections, skin test,pathogen in biopsyaspirate, possibly PCR() Epithelioidcells, Langhansgiant cellsSlow growth Hard; possibly skininfiltrationsSarcoidosis (Boeckdisease)Thorax, tuberculintest usually negative,ACE Epithelioid cells Epithelioid cellfibrosis
Lymph Node Cytology179Contact withanimalsTonsillitis, necklymph nodesListeriosis Agglutination test,complement fixationreaction() It may be possibleto determine thepathogen from thebiopsyContact withanimalsMilk intakeFever, spleen Brucellosis In case of fever:pathogen in blood,serologyOpen wound,possibly from acatLocal primary lesion Cat-scratch diseaseLeukocytosis, lymphocytosis,complementfixation reaction Epithelioid cells,giant cellsPerforatinglymphadenitisContact withwildlifeLocal primary lesion Tularemia (rabbitfever)Agglutination testLittle sense ofillnessInflamed hard infiltrates,possiblyfistulaeActinomycosis Leukocytosis, left shift “Gland” tissue inthe biopsy materialTherapeuticexcisionSymptomaticjointsJoints, spleen,possibly kidneyCollagen disease(PCP, LE) Felty syndrome,Still diseaseAntinuclear factorNo symptoms Submandibularswelling, no irritationBranchial cyst Epithelial cells,macrophages, andgranulocytesTherapeuticexcision() = Optional step; = usually diagnostic step, if there is no arrow, the diagnosis can be made on the basis of preceding steps. (1) = Positive from day 5;(2) = 1–4 days after exanthema, may be as much as 1 month; (3) = from week 4; (4) = from day 10.
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iiiColor Atlas of HematologyPractic
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vPrefaceOur Current EditionAlthough
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viiContentsPhysiology and Pathophys
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ContentsixAcute Lymphoblastic Leuke
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2Physiology and Pathophysiology of
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Normal Cells of the Blood andHemato
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Normally erythropoiesis takes place
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34Normal Cells of the Blood and Hem
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Advancing nuclear contraction and s
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Note the granulations, inclusions,
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Abnormalities of the White Cell Ser
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Predominance of Mononuclear Round t
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During lymphatic reactive states, v
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Extreme transformation of lymphocyt
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Monotonous proliferation of small l
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Atypical lymphocytes are not part o
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Deep nuclear indentation suggests f
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Cytoplasmic processes the main feat
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Plasmacytoma cannot be diagnosed wi
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Atypias and differential diagnoses
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Bone marrow diagnosis is indicated
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Conspicuously large numbers of mono
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Fundamental characteristic of acute
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The diagnosis of acute leukemia is
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Acute leukemias may also derive fro
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New WHO classification: AML with dy
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The cells in acute lymphocytic leuk
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In unexplained anemia and/or leukoc
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The classification of myelodysplasi
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Prevalence of Polynuclear (Segmente
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Predominance of the granulocytic li
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Prevalence of Polynuclear (Segmente
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Left shift as far as myeloblasts, p
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Bone marrow analysis is not obligat
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In the course of chronic myeloid le
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Enlarged spleen and presence of imm
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Eosinophilia and basophilia are usu
Page 137 and 138: Erythrocyte and ThrombocyteAbnormal
Page 139 and 140: Hypochromic Anemias129Insufficient
Page 141 and 142: Hypochromic Anemias131BSGIron Ferri
Page 143 and 144: Small, hemoglobin-poor erythrocytes
Page 145 and 146: Hypochromic erythrocytes of very va
Page 147 and 148: Hypochromic Anemias137Hypochromic S
Page 149 and 150: Hypochromic anemia without iron def
Page 151 and 152: Consistently elevated “young” e
Page 153 and 154: Distribution pattern and shape of e
Page 155 and 156: Conspicuous erythrocyte morphology
Page 157 and 158: Unexplained decrease in cell counts
Page 159 and 160: Hypochromic Anemias149Differential
Page 161 and 162: Thrombocytopenia with leukocytosis
Page 163 and 164: Conspicuous large erythrocytes sugg
Page 165 and 166: In older patients, myelodysplastic
Page 167 and 168: Small inclusions are usually a sign
Page 169 and 170: PlasmodiumfalciparumPlasmodiumvivax
Page 171 and 172: Conspicuous erythrocyte inclusions
Page 173 and 174: Bone marrow analysis contributes to
Page 175 and 176: Thrombocytes: increases, reductions
Page 177 and 178: Thrombocytes: increases, reductions
Page 179 and 180: Variant forms of thrombocyte and me
Page 181 and 182: Thrombocyte proliferation with larg
Page 183 and 184: Cytology of Organ Biopsiesand Exuda
Page 185 and 186: Lymph Node Cytology175Anamnesis- su
Page 187: Reactive lymph node hyperplasia and
Page 191 and 192: Epithelioid cells dominate the lymp
Page 193 and 194: In cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma an
Page 195 and 196: Accessible cysts (e.g., branchial c
Page 197 and 198: Tumor cells can be identified in pl
Page 199 and 200: Viral, bacterial, and malignant men
Page 201 and 202: 191IndexAActinomycosis 179Addison d
Page 203 and 204: Index193Disseminated intravascularc
Page 205 and 206: Index195blast crisis 120-121bone ma
Page 207 and 208: Index197in hemolytic anemia 140orth
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