Color Atlas of Hematology - Practical Microscopic and Clinical ...

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viiiContentsPartly Mature White Cell Precursors: Myelocytes and Metamyelocytes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Mature Neutrophils: Band Cells and Segmented Neutrophils . . . . . 38Cell Degradation, Special Granulations, and Nuclear Appendagesin Neutrophilic Granulocytes and Nuclear Anomalies . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Eosinophilic Granulocytes (Eosinophils) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Basophilic Granulocytes (Basophils) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Monocytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Lymphocytes (and Plasma Cells) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Megakaryocytes and Thrombocytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Bone Marrow: Cell Composition and Principles of Analysis . . . . 52Bone Marrow: Medullary Stroma Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Abnormalities of the White Cell Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Predominance of Mononuclear Round to Oval Cells . . . . . . . . . . . 63Reactive Lymphocytosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Examples of Extreme Lymphocytic Stimulation: InfectiousMononucleosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Diseases of the Lymphatic System (Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas) . . . 70Differentiation of the Lymphatic Cells and Cell Surface MarkerExpression in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) and Related Diseases . . . . 74Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Facultative Leukemic Lymphomas (e.g., Mantle Cell Lymphomaand Follicular Lymphoma) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Lymphoma, Usually with Splenomegaly (e.g., Hairy Cell Leukemiaand Splenic Lymphoma with Villous Lymphocytes) . . . . . . . 80Monoclonal Gammopathy (Hypergammaglobulinemia), MultipleMyeloma*, Plasma Cell Myeloma, Plasmacytoma . . . . . . . . . 82Variability of Plasmacytoma Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Relative Lymphocytosis Associated with Granulocytopenia(Neutropenia) and Agranulocytosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Classification of Neutropenias and Agranulocytoses . . . . . . . . . . . 86Monocytosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Acute Leukemias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90Morphological and Cytochemical Cell Identification . . . . . . . . . . . 91Acute Myeloid Leukemias (AML) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Acute Erythroleukemia (FAB Classification Type M 6 ) . . . . . . . . . . 100Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia(FAB Classification Type M 7 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102AML with Dysplasia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Hypoplastic AML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
ContentsixAcute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104Myelodysplasia (MDS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106Prevalence of Polynuclear (Segmented) Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110Neutrophilia without Left Shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110Reactive Left Shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and Myeloproliferative Syndrome(Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders, CMPD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Steps in the Diagnosis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia . . . . . . . . . . 116Blast Crisis in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Osteomyelosclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122Elevated Eosinophil and Basophil Counts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124Erythrocyte and Thrombocyte Abnormalities . . . . . . . . . . . 127Clinically Relevant Classification Principle for Anemias: MeanErythrocyte Hemoglobin Content (MCH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128Hypochromic Anemias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128Iron Deficiency Anemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128Hypochromic Infectious or Toxic Anemia (Secondary Anemia) . . . 134Bone Marrow Cytology in the Diagnosis of Hypochromic Anemias. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Hypochromic Sideroachrestic Anemias (Sometimes Normochromicor Hyperchromic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137Hypochromic Anemia with Hemolysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138Thalassemias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138Normochromic Anemias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140Normochromic Hemolytic Anemias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140Hemolytic Anemias with Erythrocyte Anomalies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144Normochromic Renal Anemia (Sometimes Hypochromic orHyperchromic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Bone Marrow Aplasia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA, Erythroblastopenia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Aplasias of All Bone Marrow Series (Panmyelopathy, Panmyelophthisis,Aplastic Anemia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148Bone Marrow Carcinosis and Other Space-Occupying Processes . . 150Hyperchromic Anemias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152Erythrocyte Inclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156Hematological Diagnosis of Malaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Page 3 and 4: iiiColor Atlas of HematologyPractic
Page 5 and 6: vPrefaceOur Current EditionAlthough
Page 7: viiContentsPhysiology and Pathophys
Page 12 and 13: 2Physiology and Pathophysiology of
Page 39 and 40: Normal Cells of the Blood andHemato
Page 41: Normally erythropoiesis takes place
Page 44 and 45: 34Normal Cells of the Blood and Hem
Page 49 and 50: Advancing nuclear contraction and s
Page 51: Note the granulations, inclusions,
Page 58 and 59:
48Normal Cells of the Blood and Hem
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 71 and 72:
Abnormalities of the White Cell Ser
Page 73 and 74:
Predominance of Mononuclear Round t
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
During lymphatic reactive states, v
Page 79 and 80:
Extreme transformation of lymphocyt
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Monotonous proliferation of small l
Page 87 and 88:
Atypical lymphocytes are not part o
Page 89 and 90:
Deep nuclear indentation suggests f
Page 91 and 92:
Cytoplasmic processes the main feat
Page 93 and 94:
Plasmacytoma cannot be diagnosed wi
Page 95 and 96:
Atypias and differential diagnoses
Page 97 and 98:
Bone marrow diagnosis is indicated
Page 99 and 100:
Conspicuously large numbers of mono
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Fundamental characteristic of acute
Page 109 and 110:
The diagnosis of acute leukemia is
Page 111 and 112:
Acute leukemias may also derive fro
Page 113 and 114:
New WHO classification: AML with dy
Page 115 and 116:
The cells in acute lymphocytic leuk
Page 117 and 118:
In unexplained anemia and/or leukoc
Page 119 and 120:
The classification of myelodysplasi
Page 121 and 122:
Prevalence of Polynuclear (Segmente
Page 123 and 124:
Predominance of the granulocytic li
Page 125 and 126:
Prevalence of Polynuclear (Segmente
Page 127 and 128:
Left shift as far as myeloblasts, p
Page 129 and 130:
Bone marrow analysis is not obligat
Page 131 and 132:
In the course of chronic myeloid le
Page 133 and 134:
Enlarged spleen and presence of imm
Page 135 and 136:
Eosinophilia and basophilia are usu
Page 137 and 138:
Erythrocyte and ThrombocyteAbnormal
Page 139 and 140:
Hypochromic Anemias129Insufficient
Page 141 and 142:
Hypochromic Anemias131BSGIron Ferri
Page 143 and 144:
Small, hemoglobin-poor erythrocytes
Page 145 and 146:
Hypochromic erythrocytes of very va
Page 147 and 148:
Hypochromic Anemias137Hypochromic S
Page 149 and 150:
Hypochromic anemia without iron def
Page 151 and 152:
Consistently elevated “young” e
Page 153 and 154:
Distribution pattern and shape of e
Page 155 and 156:
Conspicuous erythrocyte morphology
Page 157 and 158:
Unexplained decrease in cell counts
Page 159 and 160:
Hypochromic Anemias149Differential
Page 161 and 162:
Thrombocytopenia with leukocytosis
Page 163 and 164:
Conspicuous large erythrocytes sugg
Page 165 and 166:
In older patients, myelodysplastic
Page 167 and 168:
Small inclusions are usually a sign
Page 169 and 170:
PlasmodiumfalciparumPlasmodiumvivax
Page 171 and 172:
Conspicuous erythrocyte inclusions
Page 173 and 174:
Bone marrow analysis contributes to
Page 175 and 176:
Thrombocytes: increases, reductions
Page 177 and 178:
Thrombocytes: increases, reductions
Page 179 and 180:
Variant forms of thrombocyte and me
Page 181 and 182:
Thrombocyte proliferation with larg
Page 183 and 184:
Cytology of Organ Biopsiesand Exuda
Page 185 and 186:
Lymph Node Cytology175Anamnesis- su
Page 187 and 188:
Reactive lymph node hyperplasia and
Page 189 and 190:
Lymph Node Cytology179Contact witha
Page 191 and 192:
Epithelioid cells dominate the lymp
Page 193 and 194:
In cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma an
Page 195 and 196:
Accessible cysts (e.g., branchial c
Page 197 and 198:
Tumor cells can be identified in pl
Page 199 and 200:
Viral, bacterial, and malignant men
Page 201 and 202:
191IndexAActinomycosis 179Addison d
Page 203 and 204:
Index193Disseminated intravascularc
Page 205 and 206:
Index195blast crisis 120-121bone ma
Page 207 and 208:
Index197in hemolytic anemia 140orth
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