Bhatnagar, D. K. (1993). Position Trackers for Head Mounted Display Systems:A Survey (UNC Technical Report No. TR93-010): Dept. <strong>of</strong> Computer Science, <strong>University</strong><strong>of</strong> North Carolina.Bhavnani, S. K., & John, B. E. (1997). From Sufficient to Efficient Usage: AnAnalysis <strong>of</strong> Strategic Knowledge. In Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the CHI '97: Human Factors inComputing Systems, (pp. 91-98). : ACM, Inc.Bible, S. R., Zyda, M., & Brutzman, D. (1995). Using Spread-Spectrum RangingTechniques for Position Tracking in a <strong>Virtual</strong> Environment. In Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the NetworkRealities '95, (pp. unpaginated). : Naval Postgraduate School.Bick, F. A. E. (1993). Special Issue on <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong>. Technologies Tomorrow,1(3), entire magazine.Bieri, H., & Mayor, D. (1993). A Ternary Tree Representation <strong>of</strong> GeneralizedDigital Images. In N. M. Thalmann & D. Thalman (Eds.), <strong>Virtual</strong> Worlds and Multimedia,(pp. 23-36). New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.Bievenue, L. A., Curtis, D. H., & Thakkar, U. (1995). <strong>Virtual</strong> environments in K-12 learning and discovery: a grand challenge in education? Computer Graphics, 29(4), 43-44.Billinghurst, M., & Weghorst, S. (1995). The Use <strong>of</strong> Sketch Maps to MeasureCognitive Maps <strong>of</strong> <strong>Virtual</strong> Environments. In Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong> AnnualInternational Symposium, VRAIS '95, (pp. 40-47). : IEEE Computer Society Press.Billinghurst, M. (1995). Do You See What I See? <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong> Special Report,2(1), 21-26.Billinghurst, M., & Savage, J. (1996). Adding Intelligence to the Interface. InProceedings <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong> Annual International Symposium, VRAIS '96, (pp. 168-177). : IEEE Computer Society Press.Billinghurst, M., Savage, J., Oppenheimer, P., & Edmond, C. (1996). The ExpertSurgical Assistant: An Intelligent <strong>Virtual</strong> Environment with Multimodal Input. In S. J.Weghorst, J. B. Sieburg, & K. S. Morgan (Eds.), Medicine Meets <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong>: HealthCare in the Information Age, (pp. 590-607). <strong>Washington</strong>, DC: IOS Press.Billinghurst, M., Savage, J., Oppenheimer, P., & Edmond, C. (1996). The ExpertSurgical Assistant: An Intelligent <strong>Virtual</strong> Environment with Multimodal Input (<strong>HITL</strong>Publication P-95-13): <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Washington</strong>, Human Interface Technology Laboratory.Billings, D. M., & Cobb, K. L. (1992). Effects <strong>of</strong> Learning Style Preferences,Attitude and GPA on Learner Achievement Using Computer Assisted Interactive VideodiscInstruction. Journal <strong>of</strong> Computer-Based Instruction, 19(1), 12-16.Billyard, A. (1993). Shifting the S<strong>of</strong>tware/Silicon Balance in High Performance 3DGraphics. In Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the VR '93 <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong> International 93, the Third AnnualConference on <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong>, (pp. 19-23). : Meckler.Biocca, F. (1992). Will Simulation Sickness Slow Down the Diffusion <strong>of</strong> <strong>Virtual</strong>Environment Technology? Presence: Teleoperators and <strong>Virtual</strong> Environments, 1(3), 334-343.Biocca, F. (1992). Communication Design in <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong>. In Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the<strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong> '92, VR Becomes a Business, (pp. 16-37). : Meckler Publishing.Biocca, F., & Lanier, J. (1992). An Insider's View <strong>of</strong> the Future <strong>of</strong> <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong>.Journal <strong>of</strong> Communication, 42(4), 150-172.
Biocca, F. (1992). Communication Within <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong>: Creating a Space forResearch. Journal <strong>of</strong> Communication, 42(4), 5-22.Biocca, F. (1992). <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong> Technology: A Tutorial. Journal <strong>of</strong>Communication, 42(4), 23-73.Birt, J., & Furness, T. A. (1974). Visually-Coupled Systems. Air <strong>University</strong>Review, 20(3), 28-40.Bishop, G., Bricken, W., Brooks, F., Brown, M., Burbeck, C., Durlach, N.,Ellis, S., Fuchs, H., Green, M., Lackner, J., McNeill, M., Moshell, M., Pausch, R.,Robinett, W., Srinivasan, M., Sutherland, I., Urban, D., & Wenzel, E. (1992). ResearchDirections in <strong>Virtual</strong> Environments: Report <strong>of</strong> an NSF Invitational Workshop. ComputerGraphics, 26(3), 153-177.Bishop, P. A. (1992). "Beep". Presence: Teleoperators and <strong>Virtual</strong> Environments,1(1), 151-152.Blackburn, D. (1994). The Convergence <strong>of</strong> Sports and VR. <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong> SpecialReport, 1, 57-60.Blackburn, D. (1996). Wired Athletes. Iris Universe, 36, 35.Blackmon, T. T., & Stark, L. W. (1996). Cooperative Assistance for RemoteRobot Supervision. Presence: Teleoperators and <strong>Virtual</strong> Environments, 5(2), 224-240.Blackmon, T. T., & Stark, L. W. (1996). Model-Based Supervisory Control inTelerobotics. Presence: Teleoperators and <strong>Virtual</strong> Environments, 5(2), 205-223.Blade, R. (1995). Stereoscopic Photography on the Computer. The InternationalJournal <strong>of</strong> <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong>: A Multimedia Publication for Pr<strong>of</strong>essionals, 1(2), 40-41.Blanc, C., & Schlick, C. (1996). Accurate Parametrization <strong>of</strong> Conics by NURBS.IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 16(6), 64-71.Blanchard, C., Burgess, S., Harvill, Y., Lanier, J., Lasko, A., Oberman, M., &Teitel, M. (1990). <strong>Reality</strong> Built for Two: a <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong> Tool. In Proceedings <strong>of</strong> theSymposium on Interactive 3-D, (pp. 35-36). : ACM.Blattner, M. M., Papp, A. L., & Glinert, E. P. (1994). Sonic Enhancement <strong>of</strong>Two-Dimensional Graphic Displays. In Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the ICAD, Santa Fe InstituteStudies in the Sciences <strong>of</strong> Complexity: Auditory Display: Sonification, Audification, andAuditory Interfaces, (pp. 447-470). : Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.Blattner, M. M. (1995). Many Facets <strong>of</strong> Auditory Display (N96 28119, PCA14/MF A03): Lawrence Livermore National Lab.Blau, B., Hughes, C., Moshell, J. M., & Lisle, C. (1992). Networked <strong>Virtual</strong>Environments. Computer Graphics: Special Issue on 1992 Symposium on Interactive 3DGraphics, 157-160.Blau, B., & Yurica, K. (1994 September/October). Designing VR Applications forthe Desktop. <strong>Virtual</strong> <strong>Reality</strong> World, 2(5), 17-21.Blauert, J., Lehnert, H., Pompetzki, W., & Xiang, N. (1990). Binaural RoomSimulation. Acustica, 72(4), 295-296.Blauert, J. (1992). Auditory <strong>Virtual</strong> Environment and Telepresence [special issue].Applied Acoustics, 36(3-4).Blauert, J. (1993). Spatial Hearing. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
- Page 1 and 2: (1992). Virtual Reality: Hearing Be
- Page 3 and 4: Aharon, S., & Robb, R. A. (1996). 3
- Page 5 and 6: Allison, D., Wills, B., & Hodges, L
- Page 7 and 8: Aoki, S., Cohen, M., & Koizumi, N.
- Page 9 and 10: Astheimer, P., & Pierce, M.-L. (199
- Page 11 and 12: Bagiana, F., & Mills, S. (1993). Vi
- Page 13 and 14: Barfield, W., & Hendrix, C. (1995).
- Page 15 and 16: Bauer, C. (1995). Virtual Reality i
- Page 17 and 18: Benford, S., Bowers, J., Fahlen, L.
- Page 19: Bermudez, A. B., & Palumbo, D. (199
- Page 23 and 24: Bohner, P., Pokrandt, P., & Hassfel
- Page 25 and 26: Environment. In S. J. Weghorst, J.
- Page 27 and 28: Brewster, S. A., Wright, P. C., & E
- Page 29 and 30: Bro-Nielsen, M. (1996). Fast Finite
- Page 31 and 32: Brown, D. J., Cobb, S. V., Eastgate
- Page 33 and 34: Impairments. In M. K. S., H. M. Hof
- Page 35 and 36: Bylinsky, G. (1991). The Marvels of
- Page 37 and 38: Carr, C. (1992, October). Is Virtua
- Page 39 and 40: International Workshop on Robot and
- Page 41 and 42: Applications for Simulation Visuali
- Page 43 and 44: existence, Conference on Virtual Re
- Page 45 and 46: Coull, T. B. (1992). Texture-based
- Page 47 and 48: Daane, S., Constantinou, P., & Hess
- Page 49 and 50: De Moor, G. J. E. (1994). Standardi
- Page 51 and 52: Delp, S. L., Loan, J. P., Basdogan,
- Page 53 and 54: Dobrow, R. (1994). Special Report:
- Page 55 and 56: Dumay, A. C. M. (1995). Triage simu
- Page 57 and 58: Dysart, J. (1995). Detroit Creates
- Page 59 and 60: Eichenlaub, J. B., & Touris, T. C.
- Page 61 and 62: Emmett, A. (1993). The Quest for "T
- Page 63 and 64: Fairchild, K. M., Poston, T., & Bri
- Page 65 and 66: Ferder, M., Glicksman, A., & Strauc
- Page 67 and 68: Fleischmann, M. (1993). A Virtual W
- Page 69 and 70: Fuchs, H., Levoy, M., & Pizer, S. M
- Page 71 and 72:
Galyean, T. A. (1995). Guided Navig
- Page 73 and 74:
Gibson, C. P., & Furness, T. A. (19
- Page 75 and 76:
Gore, R. A. (1993). Reality or Virt
- Page 77 and 78:
Green, M. (1996). Shared Virtual En
- Page 79 and 80:
Grinstein, G. G., Southard, D. A.,
- Page 81 and 82:
Haase, H. (1996). Symbiosis of Virt
- Page 83 and 84:
Hannaford, B. (1994). Modeling and
- Page 85 and 86:
Hayward, C. (1994). Listening to th
- Page 87 and 88:
Henry, D., & Furness, T. (1993). Sp
- Page 89 and 90:
Hirose, M. (1992). Human Behavior i
- Page 91 and 92:
Hoffman, H., Murray, M., Danks, M.,
- Page 93 and 94:
Howarth, P. A., & Costello, P. J. (
- Page 95 and 96:
Ikehara, C., Cole, R. E., & Merritt
- Page 97 and 98:
Experiments. In Proceedings of the
- Page 99 and 100:
Jalili, R., Kirchner, P. D., Montoy
- Page 101 and 102:
the ECDVRAT: 1st European Conferenc
- Page 103 and 104:
Kameyama, K., & Ohtomi, K. (1993).
- Page 105 and 106:
(Eds.), Medicine Meets Virtual Real
- Page 107 and 108:
Kesavadas, T., & Cannon, D. J. (199
- Page 109 and 110:
MAN ‘95, IEEE International Works
- Page 111 and 112:
Kobayashi, M., & Schmandt, C. (1997
- Page 113 and 114:
Kozlowski, D. M., Morimoto, A. K.,
- Page 115 and 116:
Kumar, S., Manocha, D., & Lastra, A
- Page 117 and 118:
Lantz, E. (1992). Virtual reality i
- Page 119 and 120:
Lee, W. (1996). The fetal imaging w
- Page 121 and 122:
Liang, R.-H., & Ouhyoung, M. (1996)
- Page 123 and 124:
Loeffler, C. E. (1993). Distributed
- Page 125 and 126:
1997 Virtual Reality Annual Interna
- Page 127 and 128:
Madhyastha, T. M., & Reed, D. A. (1
- Page 129 and 130:
Marcus, B. A., Lucas, W., & Churchi
- Page 131 and 132:
Maurer, W. (1996). Now That's Enter
- Page 133 and 134:
McGovern, K. (1996). Computer-Based
- Page 135 and 136:
Meller, G., Tepper, R., Bergman, M.
- Page 137 and 138:
Meyer, L. (1992). Monitor Selection
- Page 139 and 140:
Mitchell, W. J. (1995 Summer). Reco
- Page 141 and 142:
Monkman, G. J. (1992). An Electrorh
- Page 143 and 144:
Muhlbach, L., Bocker, M., & Prussog
- Page 145 and 146:
Nash, I. (1991, Sept. 6). Visions f
- Page 147 and 148:
Newquist, H. P. (1994). Virtual Rea
- Page 149 and 150:
O'Neil, J. (1995). On Technology an
- Page 151 and 152:
Virtual Environments on their Compr
- Page 153 and 154:
Pankratov, M. M., & Shapshay, S. (1
- Page 155 and 156:
Hoffman, D. Stredney, & S. J. Wegho
- Page 157 and 158:
Implementations. In Proceedings of
- Page 159 and 160:
Powers, D. A., & Darrow, M. (1994).
- Page 161 and 162:
Puttre, M. (1993, August). Teeing O
- Page 163 and 164:
Rea, P., & Whalley, S. (1993). Adva
- Page 165 and 166:
Resnick, M. (1993). Behavior Constr
- Page 167 and 168:
Ritchey, K. J. (1992). Image-Based
- Page 169 and 170:
Robinette, K. M. (1993). Fit Testin
- Page 171 and 172:
IEEE 1996 Virtual Reality Annual In
- Page 173 and 174:
Rowland, D. A., & Perrett, D. I. (1
- Page 175 and 176:
Satava, R. M. (1993). Virtual Reali
- Page 177 and 178:
Schaufler, G., & Mazuryk, T. (1996)
- Page 179 and 180:
Schultz, S. W. (1993). Bringing 3-D
- Page 181 and 182:
Shawver, D. M. (1997). Virtual acto
- Page 183 and 184:
Siddiqi, N., Gazzani, F., Des Jardi
- Page 185 and 186:
Slater, M., & Usoh, M. (1993). The
- Page 187 and 188:
Smith, A. B. (1995). Using virtual
- Page 189 and 190:
Sowizral, H. (1994). Optimizing Gra
- Page 191 and 192:
Starks, M. (1992). Stereoscopic Vid
- Page 193 and 194:
Stone, R. J. (1992). Virtual Realit
- Page 195 and 196:
Stuart, R. (1992). Virtual Reality:
- Page 197 and 198:
Sukthankar, S. J., & Reddy, N. P. (
- Page 199 and 200:
Tait, A. (1992). Authoring Virtual
- Page 201 and 202:
Taylor, R., Bayliss, G., Bowyer, A.
- Page 203 and 204:
Thompson, J. (Ed.). (1992). Virtual
- Page 205 and 206:
Truppe, M. J., Freysinger, W., Gunk
- Page 207 and 208:
Veron, H., Southard, D. A., Leger,
- Page 209 and 210:
Walker, H. (1996). An Organisationa
- Page 211 and 212:
Virtual Reality: Health Care in the
- Page 213 and 214:
Wells, M. J., & Griffin, M. J. (198
- Page 215 and 216:
Wexelblat, A. (1995). An Approach t
- Page 217 and 218:
Williams, S. P., & Parrish, R. V. (
- Page 219 and 220:
Wißkerchen, P., Kansy, K., & Schmi
- Page 221 and 222:
Yamabe, T., Yoshizawa, M., Nanka, S
- Page 223 and 224:
Yoshida, A., Hagita, Y., Yamazaki,
- Page 225 and 226:
Zeltzer, D., & Gaffron, S. (1996).
- Page 227:
Zyda, M., Pratt, D., Falby, J., Bar