Protected Area Network in Orissa - Vasundhara

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the premise that subsistence users of biological diversity value it the most, are worstaffected by its depletion and are therefore motivated to use it in a sustainable fashion.While these divergent conservation paradigms might well apply to all landscapes inthe country, the debate assumes its most strident tone in respect of the country’snetwork of Protected Areas (wildlife sanctuaries and national parks).The approach to biodiversity conservation Orissa, as elsewhere in the country, hasbeen through exclusionary reserves for wildlife conservation through creation ofProtected Areas. In the past few months the State Government has taken steps inproposing an increase in the area under Protected Area network but on the other handthere has hardly been any effort to deal with the people living within the protectedareas. The present conservation paradigm based on exclusion principle directlyhampers the livelihood of the local people living within the Protected Areas bysnatching away their ‘Right to Live’. Simultaneously threats to Protected Areas andlocal communities from activities like mining are rapidly increasing in Orissa. This iscreating a conflicting as well as confusing situation as the people within the ProtectedAreas are not sure about their lives and livelihood.At this juncture it was felt that balancing conservation and livelihoods in the contextof Protected Areas and tackling the key threats to conservation becomes veryimportant. These dwindling situations prompted us to take up the issue and carry outintensive studies to know the exact situation of both the people and the wildlife (floraand fauna) within the Protected Areas and possibly come out with alternatives bestsuitable for both.To start with we needed to have a database of the Protected Area network in Orissa.In our effort to compile the existing information (both secondary and primary) fromvarious sources we came out with this Status Report of the Protected Areas in Orissa.This report gives a comprehensive picture of the status of Protected Areas in Orissa.We have tried to put forth the conservation measures taken and the issues prevailingin the Protected Areas in Orissa. This is just a preliminary work undertaken by us andwe invite all sorts of comments and suggestions to further strengthen our work.4
HISTORY OF CONSERVATIONEarly efforts of ConservationThe first wildlife conservation probably occurred among prehistoric peoples. Thesepeoples may have limited their hunting to preserve the supply of wild animals theyneeded for food. Rulers of ancient civilizations set up the first game reserves--as theirpersonal hunting grounds--and medieval European kings continued this practice.These kings also forbade hunting by anyone other than a member of the ruling class.But such action resulted from a ruler's love of hunting as a sport, rather than anyawareness of the need for conservation. Certain forests were protected for religiousreasons, and others were preserved for their value in providing timber to build ships.During the 1600's and 1700's, the British colonies in America passed laws to protectwildlife. But most colonists ignored these laws. Effective wildlife conservation in theUnited States began in the late 1800's. Congress established Yellowstone NationalPark, the world's first national park, in 1872. In Italy, for example, what is now GranParadiso National Park has been a wildlife sanctuary since 1856. Australia set up itsfirst national park in 1879. Canada created its first national park, Hot SpringsReservation (now called Banff National Park), in 1885. In 1898, the Sabi Game Reserve(now Kruger National Park) was established in what is now South Africa. This reservewas the beginning of the extensive network of national parks and game reserves inAfrica. The first Asian and South American national parks were created during theearly 1900's.International cooperation in wildlife conservation began on a worldwide scale afterthe birth of the United Nations (UN) in 1945. The Food and Agriculture Organizationof the United Nations (FAO) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific andCultural Organization (UNESCO) set up wildlife conservation programs. In 1948,UNESCO helped establish the International Union for the Protection of Nature. In1956, the name of this organization was changed to the International Union for theConservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). The IUCN then started togather information on the world's endangered species. It publishes this data in its Red5
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Page 3: INTRODUCTIONThe word Conservation i
Page 7 and 8: From the Vedic to the Pre-Mughal pe
Page 9 and 10: Protected Areas:Importance & Assess
Page 11 and 12: Categorization Of PAsIn the year 19
Page 13 and 14: opportunities for public enjoyment
Page 15 and 16: Establishment of Protected Areas in
Page 17 and 18: Support guidelines for the establis
Page 19 and 20: Protected Area Network in IndiaIndi
Page 21 and 22: NATIONAL PARKSThere are 92 existing
Page 23 and 24: Current PA Summary of India (as on
Page 25 and 26: Wetland Protected Areas and Waterbi
Page 27 and 28: 14. Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam 1982-83
Page 29 and 30: Protected Area Network in OrissaPro
Page 31 and 32: Badrama SanctuaryBadrama sanctuary,
Page 33 and 34: No. of Human Habitations insidethe
Page 35 and 36: Bamboo and bamboo related product c
Page 37 and 38: LocationAreaLegal Status of LandAcq
Page 39 and 40: Location (District)AreaLegal Status
Page 41 and 42: LocationAreaLocated in the District
Page 43 and 44: were now closed to hunting though f
Page 45 and 46: The CRZ regulation is to be enforce
Page 47 and 48: LocationAreaLegal Status of Land Ac
Page 49 and 50: households of Behentasahi and Dhola
Page 51 and 52: The tribal people are prevented fro
Page 53 and 54: LocationKhurda, Puri and ganjam dis
Page 55 and 56:
LocationAreaDate of Notification U/
Page 57 and 58:
Location Located in Kendrapara reve
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LocationLocated in the District of
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LocationAreaLegal Status of Land Ac
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people. Without having access to th
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Khalasuni SanctuaryKhalasuni sanctu
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Kotgarh SanctuaryKotgarh sanctuary,
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Issues in Kotgarh Sanctuary• Proc
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the limits of the sanctuary, which
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Location Between 21 degree -45’ t
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According to the ranger, U.N.Mahant
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Lakhari SanctuaryThe lack of roads
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Nandankanan SanctuaryRight outside
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Satkosia SanctuarySatkosia Gorge Sa
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Issues in Satkosia Wildlife Sanctua
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widow pensions etc. Why not we? Are
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The importance of forest-based live
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discussion, he cited one example of
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esiding inside the sanctuary. But a
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sanctuary having no human habitatio
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Sunabeda SanctuarySunabeda Sanctuar
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Issues in Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctua
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asked for a copy of final notificat
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Amala 10.00 6.00 - 7.00Chhar 20.00
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Similipal SanctuarySimilipal is a R
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Management ControlUnder the managem
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As per the forest department source
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Makdia (ST) Siali fibre 100Khadia,
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Admitted Rights and ConcessionsItem
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Sunabeda (Proposed) Tiger ReserveSu
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TIGER POPULATION IN DIFFERENT FORES
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Sub-Total 0 0 0 0 5 18 2 25STR Circ
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ELEPHANT RESERVES IN ORISSA119
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Sambalpur ER: BADRAMA-KHALASUNI ER(
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Brahmani-Baitarani (Proposed) ERLoc
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Elephant Distribution in OrissaIn O
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wildlife protection, when the roads
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Broad Issues in Protected Areas in
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communities and particularly for st
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inquiry into the submissions and ac
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In wildlife policies and laws conce
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NTFPs in the total annual household
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people within the protected areas.
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(including those that may be neutra
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Wildlife Administration curtail the
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Number of Sites 3 55 408Total Area
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147
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Protected Area Network in Orissa - Vasundhara

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