Rene Descartes 1596-1650 Rene Descartes 1596-1650

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Confidence in our faculties inMeditation 6:1. The senses are generally to be trusted since they belong to a standardsignaling system.2. Where a message is unclear or misleading, another sense can bebrought to the aid of the first (e.g., touch can dispel optical illusion).3. My memory must be fairly reliable, for I know that God has not made mea seriously defective epistemological project.4. My intellect, when it does not jump to conclusions concerning what itdoes not perceive clearly and distinctly, is an admirable and trustworthyinstrument.156
<strong>Descartes</strong>' Knowledge-set at end of Meditation Six:Beliefs which can bedoubtedBelieve only that whichcan’t be doubtedWhat is falseVarious stillundecidedempiricaland mathematicalpropositions.I exist.I think.God exists.I think, therefore I exist.God is not a deceiver.God’s essence involves existence.Clear and distinct thoughts are true.I have a bodyRestrain the will!There are corporeal things external to me.Sensory experience is confused.Sensory experience teaches us what is harmful andwhat is beneficial.Various metaphysical principlesClearly and distinctly perceived and previouslypropositions of arithmetic and geometry are true.Propositions of physics, medicine, and astronomy canbe known to be true if clearly and distinctly perceived.A Malevolent Demonexists and deceives me.My knowledgepotential is limited.God is a mere idea.I have a vapory soul.My mind cannotpossibly survive thedeath of my body.Sensations &perceptions resembletheir causes.157
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ReneDescartes1596-1650Caravaggio,
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Rene Descartes(1596-1650):When our
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I. Background:Educated at a Jesuit
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I. Background:1644 Descartes publis
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I. I. The Search for Intellectual C
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II. Descartes’ Goal:Lay the found
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Method: The Need for the Meditation
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Descartes’ Method:Knowledge Requi
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II. Descartes’ Plan:His ideal was
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C. Induction & Deduction:Descartes
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D. Rules of Method:Descartes’ met
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II.Descartes’ Method:Looking for
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Little emphasis on on sense experie
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First Meditation: Arguments forDoub
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Grounds of Doubt: First Meditation:
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III. Method:Method: It is a radical
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Consider the following statements b
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First Meditation:Withholding Policy
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V. The Order of Systematic Attack:C
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Objectors (2, 3, and 4 are the most
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1. Doubting Sense Perception:Someti
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2. Dreaming:Another ground of doubt
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2. Dreaming:No inspection of the co
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4. The Evil Deceiver:Can we be sure
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4. Evil Demon:Because of the evilde
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Consider the following statements b
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Meditation 2 Outline: Cogito: The N
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Descartes’ Reasoning:Descartes th
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What Descartes Establishes:Descarte
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Meditation 2: Cogito:The Cogito:
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Meditation 2: Problems with CogitoP
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2 ndndnd nd Meditation : : He disca
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The Wax Passage:Transparency of the
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Wax Wax Example Establishes Three P
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Consider this important statement:
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Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only
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Third Meditation: Descartes writes
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Meditation 3: 3: SUMMARY OF INTRODU
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Criterion of Certainty:At the begin
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Third Meditation: What does “clea
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Third Meditation: What does “Natu
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Third Meditation: 3 Types of Ideas
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Objective & Formal Reality:Meditati
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Objective and Formal Reality:Object
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Formal and Objective Reality:Everyt
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More RealityThe reason why are infi
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Scholastic GreatChain of Being:1. V
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2 nd Causal Argument for God’s ex
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The Cartesian Circle:I am sure Gode
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Descartes Response to Arnauld regar
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Cartesian Circle:According to Dr. S
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Third Meditation: Only Ideas Called
Page 105 and 106: First & Second Meditation:Withholdi
Page 107 and 108: Descartes: Mind-Body Problem:Descar
Page 109 and 110: The Mind is is a Substance: A subst
Page 111 and 112: Descartes' Knowledge-set at end of
Page 113 and 114: Fourth Meditation: God is not a Dec
Page 115 and 116: Fourth Meditation: God is not a Dec
Page 117 and 118: God guarantees the truth of of all
Page 119 and 120: This takes us back to Cartesian Cir
Page 121 and 122: Meditation 4: The Possession of Fre
Page 123 and 124: Descartes' Knowledge-set at end of
Page 125 and 126: A. Considers what properties we can
Page 127 and 128: C. 3 Objections to Ontological Argu
Page 129 and 130: D. The Role of God in making Knowle
Page 131 and 132: Descartes' Knowledge-set in Meditat
Page 133 and 134: Meditation 6: The Problem ofExisten
Page 135 and 136: AB. The Evidence for the existence
Page 137 and 138: B. The Evidence for the existence o
Page 139 and 140: Mind is really distinct from body:I
Page 141 and 142: First Argument for Distinction ofMi
Page 143 and 144: First Argument for Mind-BodyDistinc
Page 145 and 146: Sense Impressions from BodilyObject
Page 147 and 148: Do our senses tell us the truth abo
Page 149 and 150: What is the relation of Mind and Bo
Page 151 and 152: Mind-Body Interaction:Changes in th
Page 153 and 154: Descartes’ Difficulty with Intera
Page 155: Historical Solutions to the Mind-Bo
Page 159 and 160: Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only
Page 161 and 162: Various Objections:If we can’t be
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Rene Descartes 1596-1650 Rene Descartes 1596-1650

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