Rene Descartes 1596-1650 Rene Descartes 1596-1650

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Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only that whichcan’t be doubtedI think, therefore I exist.I think, i.e., I doubt, will, imagine,perceive, etc.Intellect priority the true nature ofbodies, if they exist is perceived by theintellect, not the senses.Mind priority: (knowledge of the mind ismore easily acquired than knowledge ofthe bodies)God existsGod is not a deceiverClearly & distinctly perceivedpropositions are true, etc.Beliefs which can bedoubtedA good God existsAll propositions of …Sensor ExperienceI have a bodyI have a vapory soulPhysicsAstronomyMedicineArithmeticGeometry76
Criterion of Certainty:At the beginning of Meditation III Descartes come to a criterion of certainty:By examining the truths which he discovered in the course of his second meditation, hedecides that all of them have in common the proper ties of being clear and distinct.Therefore:"So, I now seem to be able to lay it down as a general rule that whatever I perceive veryclearly and distinctly is true."He notes an objection to this claim, which is that he had previously accepted as evidentthings which turned out to be doubtful.For example he saw the earth, the sky and the stars with the senses-clearly and distinctly. Heargues that what he in fact saw were the ideas of such things, and that he assumed withoutgood reason that there were things in the external world which caused such ideas. Thisreflection again adds to the store of things which Descartes knows for certain, for now thereare all of those ideas which clearly and distinctly appear before the mind. The only becomeswhether anything corresponds to and causes them.77
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ReneDescartes1596-1650Caravaggio,
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Rene Descartes(1596-1650):When our
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I. Background:Educated at a Jesuit
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I. Background:1644 Descartes publis
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I. I. The Search for Intellectual C
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II. Descartes’ Goal:Lay the found
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Method: The Need for the Meditation
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Descartes’ Method:Knowledge Requi
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II. Descartes’ Plan:His ideal was
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C. Induction & Deduction:Descartes
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D. Rules of Method:Descartes’ met
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II.Descartes’ Method:Looking for
Page 25 and 26: Little emphasis on on sense experie
Page 27 and 28: First Meditation: Arguments forDoub
Page 29 and 30: Grounds of Doubt: First Meditation:
Page 31 and 32: III. Method:Method: It is a radical
Page 33 and 34: Consider the following statements b
Page 35 and 36: First Meditation:Withholding Policy
Page 37 and 38: V. The Order of Systematic Attack:C
Page 39 and 40: Objectors (2, 3, and 4 are the most
Page 41 and 42: 1. Doubting Sense Perception:Someti
Page 43 and 44: 2. Dreaming:Another ground of doubt
Page 45 and 46: 2. Dreaming:No inspection of the co
Page 47 and 48: 4. The Evil Deceiver:Can we be sure
Page 49 and 50: 4. Evil Demon:Because of the evilde
Page 51 and 52: Consider the following statements b
Page 53 and 54: Meditation 2 Outline: Cogito: The N
Page 55 and 56: Descartes’ Reasoning:Descartes th
Page 57 and 58: What Descartes Establishes:Descarte
Page 59 and 60: Meditation 2: Cogito:The Cogito:
Page 61 and 62: Meditation 2: Problems with CogitoP
Page 63 and 64: 2 ndndnd nd Meditation : : He disca
Page 65 and 66: The Wax Passage:Transparency of the
Page 67 and 68: Wax Wax Example Establishes Three P
Page 69 and 70: Consider this important statement:
Page 71 and 72: Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only
Page 73 and 74: Third Meditation: Descartes writes
Page 75: Meditation 3: 3: SUMMARY OF INTRODU
Page 79 and 80: Third Meditation: What does “clea
Page 81 and 82: Third Meditation: What does “Natu
Page 83 and 84: Third Meditation: 3 Types of Ideas
Page 85 and 86: Objective & Formal Reality:Meditati
Page 87 and 88: Objective and Formal Reality:Object
Page 89 and 90: Formal and Objective Reality:Everyt
Page 91 and 92: More RealityThe reason why are infi
Page 93 and 94: Scholastic GreatChain of Being:1. V
Page 95 and 96: 2 nd Causal Argument for God’s ex
Page 97 and 98: The Cartesian Circle:I am sure Gode
Page 99 and 100: Descartes Response to Arnauld regar
Page 101 and 102: Cartesian Circle:According to Dr. S
Page 103 and 104: Third Meditation: Only Ideas Called
Page 105 and 106: First & Second Meditation:Withholdi
Page 107 and 108: Descartes: Mind-Body Problem:Descar
Page 109 and 110: The Mind is is a Substance: A subst
Page 111 and 112: Descartes' Knowledge-set at end of
Page 113 and 114: Fourth Meditation: God is not a Dec
Page 115 and 116: Fourth Meditation: God is not a Dec
Page 117 and 118: God guarantees the truth of of all
Page 119 and 120: This takes us back to Cartesian Cir
Page 121 and 122: Meditation 4: The Possession of Fre
Page 123 and 124: Descartes' Knowledge-set at end of
Page 125 and 126: A. Considers what properties we can
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C. 3 Objections to Ontological Argu
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D. The Role of God in making Knowle
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Descartes' Knowledge-set in Meditat
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Meditation 6: The Problem ofExisten
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AB. The Evidence for the existence
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B. The Evidence for the existence o
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Mind is really distinct from body:I
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First Argument for Distinction ofMi
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First Argument for Mind-BodyDistinc
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Sense Impressions from BodilyObject
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Do our senses tell us the truth abo
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What is the relation of Mind and Bo
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Mind-Body Interaction:Changes in th
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Descartes’ Difficulty with Intera
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Historical Solutions to the Mind-Bo
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Descartes' Knowledge-set at end of
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Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only
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Various Objections:If we can’t be
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Rene Descartes 1596-1650 Rene Descartes 1596-1650

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