Rene Descartes 1596-1650 Rene Descartes 1596-1650

More documents

Recommendations

Info

III. <strong>Descartes</strong>’ MethodA. It consists of harnessing the powers of the mind with a special set of rules.B. Insisted on the necessity of a method that is systematic and orderly.C. Minds naturally possess two powers: intuition and deduction, “mentalpowers by which we are able, entirely without fear of illusion, to arrive atthe knowledge of things.” But by themselves these powers can lead usastray unless they are carefully regulated. Method consists, therefore, inthose rules by which our powers of intuition and deduction areguided in an orderly way.18
C. Induction & Deduction:<strong>Descartes</strong> states:“These two methodare the most certainroutes to knowledge,”adding that any otherapproach should be“rejected as suspectof error anddangerous.”Thewholeedifice ofknowledgeIs built uponthe foundation ofIntuition and deduction.Intuition: “an intellectual activity or vision ofsuch clarity that it leaves no doubt in the mind.”Whereas fluctuating testimony of our senses &imperfect creations of our imaginations leave usconfused, intuition provides “the conceptionwhich an unclouded and attentive mind gives usso readily and distinctly that we are wholly freedfrom doubt about that which we understand.”Intuition gives us not only clear notions but alsosome truths about reality (e.g., I think, that Iexist; sphere has a single surface truths that arebasic, simple, & irreducible. It is by intuition thatwe grasp the connection between one truth &another.Deduction is “all necessary inference from factsthat are known with certainty.”Deductions are similar to intuition because theyboth involve truth. By deduction we arrive at atruth by a process, a “continuous anduninterrupted action of the mind. By tyingdeduction so closely with intuition, which is asimple truth we grasp immediately andcompletely, deduction indicates the relation oftruths to each other. Reasoning from a fact (notfrom a syllogistic premise) is at stake. So,remote conclusions are furnished only be 19deduction.
Page 1 and 2: ReneDescartes1596-1650Caravaggio,
Page 3 and 4: Rene Descartes(1596-1650):When our
Page 5 and 6: I. Background:Educated at a Jesuit
Page 7 and 8: I. Background:1644 Descartes publis
Page 9 and 10: I. I. The Search for Intellectual C
Page 11 and 12: II. Descartes’ Goal:Lay the found
Page 13 and 14: Method: The Need for the Meditation
Page 15 and 16: Descartes’ Method:Knowledge Requi
Page 17: II. Descartes’ Plan:His ideal was
Page 21 and 22: D. Rules of Method:Descartes’ met
Page 23 and 24: II.Descartes’ Method:Looking for
Page 25 and 26: Little emphasis on on sense experie
Page 27 and 28: First Meditation: Arguments forDoub
Page 29 and 30: Grounds of Doubt: First Meditation:
Page 31 and 32: III. Method:Method: It is a radical
Page 33 and 34: Consider the following statements b
Page 35 and 36: First Meditation:Withholding Policy
Page 37 and 38: V. The Order of Systematic Attack:C
Page 39 and 40: Objectors (2, 3, and 4 are the most
Page 41 and 42: 1. Doubting Sense Perception:Someti
Page 43 and 44: 2. Dreaming:Another ground of doubt
Page 45 and 46: 2. Dreaming:No inspection of the co
Page 47 and 48: 4. The Evil Deceiver:Can we be sure
Page 49 and 50: 4. Evil Demon:Because of the evilde
Page 51 and 52: Consider the following statements b
Page 53 and 54: Meditation 2 Outline: Cogito: The N
Page 55 and 56: Descartes’ Reasoning:Descartes th
Page 57 and 58: What Descartes Establishes:Descarte
Page 59 and 60: Meditation 2: Cogito:The Cogito:
Page 61 and 62: Meditation 2: Problems with CogitoP
Page 63 and 64: 2 ndndnd nd Meditation : : He disca
Page 65 and 66: The Wax Passage:Transparency of the
Page 67 and 68: Wax Wax Example Establishes Three P
Page 69 and 70:
Consider this important statement:
Page 71 and 72:
Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only
Page 73 and 74:
Third Meditation: Descartes writes
Page 75 and 76:
Meditation 3: 3: SUMMARY OF INTRODU
Page 77 and 78:
Criterion of Certainty:At the begin
Page 79 and 80:
Third Meditation: What does “clea
Page 81 and 82:
Third Meditation: What does “Natu
Page 83 and 84:
Third Meditation: 3 Types of Ideas
Page 85 and 86:
Objective & Formal Reality:Meditati
Page 87 and 88:
Objective and Formal Reality:Object
Page 89 and 90:
Formal and Objective Reality:Everyt
Page 91 and 92:
More RealityThe reason why are infi
Page 93 and 94:
Scholastic GreatChain of Being:1. V
Page 95 and 96:
2 nd Causal Argument for God’s ex
Page 97 and 98:
The Cartesian Circle:I am sure Gode
Page 99 and 100:
Descartes Response to Arnauld regar
Page 101 and 102:
Cartesian Circle:According to Dr. S
Page 103 and 104:
Third Meditation: Only Ideas Called
Page 105 and 106:
First & Second Meditation:Withholdi
Page 107 and 108:
Descartes: Mind-Body Problem:Descar
Page 109 and 110:
The Mind is is a Substance: A subst
Page 111 and 112:
Descartes' Knowledge-set at end of
Page 113 and 114:
Fourth Meditation: God is not a Dec
Page 115 and 116:
Fourth Meditation: God is not a Dec
Page 117 and 118:
God guarantees the truth of of all
Page 119 and 120:
This takes us back to Cartesian Cir
Page 121 and 122:
Meditation 4: The Possession of Fre
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
A. Considers what properties we can
Page 127 and 128:
C. 3 Objections to Ontological Argu
Page 129 and 130:
D. The Role of God in making Knowle
Page 131 and 132:
Descartes' Knowledge-set in Meditat
Page 133 and 134:
Meditation 6: The Problem ofExisten
Page 135 and 136:
AB. The Evidence for the existence
Page 137 and 138:
B. The Evidence for the existence o
Page 139 and 140:
Mind is really distinct from body:I
Page 141 and 142:
First Argument for Distinction ofMi
Page 143 and 144:
First Argument for Mind-BodyDistinc
Page 145 and 146:
Sense Impressions from BodilyObject
Page 147 and 148:
Do our senses tell us the truth abo
Page 149 and 150:
What is the relation of Mind and Bo
Page 151 and 152:
Mind-Body Interaction:Changes in th
Page 153 and 154:
Descartes’ Difficulty with Intera
Page 155 and 156:
Historical Solutions to the Mind-Bo
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only
Page 161 and 162:
Various Objections:If we can’t be
show all

Rene Descartes 1596-1650 Rene Descartes 1596-1650

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?