Rene Descartes 1596-1650 Rene Descartes 1596-1650

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The Problem of the Cartesian Circle:M. Arnauld raises the problem of the so-called “Cartesian Circle”when he states:“I have no further author worry, namely how the author avoidsreasoning in a circle when he says that we are sure that what weclearly and distinctly perceive is true only because God exists.But we can be sure that God exists only because we clearly anddistinctly perceive this. Hence, before we can be sure that Godexists, we ought to be able to be sure that whatever we perceiveclearly and evidently is true (VII: 214).”98
<strong>Descartes</strong> Response to Arnauld regarding the“Cartesian Circle”:<strong>Descartes</strong> argues in response to Arnauld:1. Where knowledge of first principles is concerned, one canrecognize them as self-evidently true by “simple intuition of themind” (VII: 140). It is the “natural light” that has this capability.Thus, knowledge of the existence of God is not necessary forus to have confidence in the natural light. Said another way,metaphysical principles known by the natural light are used toinfer God’s existence.99
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ReneDescartes1596-1650Caravaggio,
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Rene Descartes(1596-1650):When our
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I. Background:Educated at a Jesuit
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I. Background:1644 Descartes publis
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I. I. The Search for Intellectual C
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II. Descartes’ Goal:Lay the found
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Method: The Need for the Meditation
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Descartes’ Method:Knowledge Requi
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II. Descartes’ Plan:His ideal was
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C. Induction & Deduction:Descartes
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D. Rules of Method:Descartes’ met
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II.Descartes’ Method:Looking for
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Little emphasis on on sense experie
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First Meditation: Arguments forDoub
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Grounds of Doubt: First Meditation:
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III. Method:Method: It is a radical
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Consider the following statements b
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First Meditation:Withholding Policy
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V. The Order of Systematic Attack:C
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Objectors (2, 3, and 4 are the most
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1. Doubting Sense Perception:Someti
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2. Dreaming:Another ground of doubt
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2. Dreaming:No inspection of the co
Page 47 and 48: 4. The Evil Deceiver:Can we be sure
Page 49 and 50: 4. Evil Demon:Because of the evilde
Page 51 and 52: Consider the following statements b
Page 53 and 54: Meditation 2 Outline: Cogito: The N
Page 55 and 56: Descartes’ Reasoning:Descartes th
Page 57 and 58: What Descartes Establishes:Descarte
Page 59 and 60: Meditation 2: Cogito:The Cogito:
Page 61 and 62: Meditation 2: Problems with CogitoP
Page 63 and 64: 2 ndndnd nd Meditation : : He disca
Page 65 and 66: The Wax Passage:Transparency of the
Page 67 and 68: Wax Wax Example Establishes Three P
Page 69 and 70: Consider this important statement:
Page 71 and 72: Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only
Page 73 and 74: Third Meditation: Descartes writes
Page 75 and 76: Meditation 3: 3: SUMMARY OF INTRODU
Page 77 and 78: Criterion of Certainty:At the begin
Page 79 and 80: Third Meditation: What does “clea
Page 81 and 82: Third Meditation: What does “Natu
Page 83 and 84: Third Meditation: 3 Types of Ideas
Page 85 and 86: Objective & Formal Reality:Meditati
Page 87 and 88: Objective and Formal Reality:Object
Page 89 and 90: Formal and Objective Reality:Everyt
Page 91 and 92: More RealityThe reason why are infi
Page 93 and 94: Scholastic GreatChain of Being:1. V
Page 95 and 96: 2 nd Causal Argument for God’s ex
Page 97: The Cartesian Circle:I am sure Gode
Page 101 and 102: Cartesian Circle:According to Dr. S
Page 103 and 104: Third Meditation: Only Ideas Called
Page 105 and 106: First & Second Meditation:Withholdi
Page 107 and 108: Descartes: Mind-Body Problem:Descar
Page 109 and 110: The Mind is is a Substance: A subst
Page 111 and 112: Descartes' Knowledge-set at end of
Page 113 and 114: Fourth Meditation: God is not a Dec
Page 115 and 116: Fourth Meditation: God is not a Dec
Page 117 and 118: God guarantees the truth of of all
Page 119 and 120: This takes us back to Cartesian Cir
Page 121 and 122: Meditation 4: The Possession of Fre
Page 123 and 124: Descartes' Knowledge-set at end of
Page 125 and 126: A. Considers what properties we can
Page 127 and 128: C. 3 Objections to Ontological Argu
Page 129 and 130: D. The Role of God in making Knowle
Page 131 and 132: Descartes' Knowledge-set in Meditat
Page 133 and 134: Meditation 6: The Problem ofExisten
Page 135 and 136: AB. The Evidence for the existence
Page 137 and 138: B. The Evidence for the existence o
Page 139 and 140: Mind is really distinct from body:I
Page 141 and 142: First Argument for Distinction ofMi
Page 143 and 144: First Argument for Mind-BodyDistinc
Page 145 and 146: Sense Impressions from BodilyObject
Page 147 and 148: Do our senses tell us the truth abo
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What is the relation of Mind and Bo
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Mind-Body Interaction:Changes in th
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Descartes’ Difficulty with Intera
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Historical Solutions to the Mind-Bo
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Descartes' Knowledge-set at end of
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Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only
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Various Objections:If we can’t be
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Rene Descartes 1596-1650 Rene Descartes 1596-1650

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