Rene Descartes 1596-1650 Rene Descartes 1596-1650

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Outline:I. Search for Intellectual CertaintyII. <strong>Descartes</strong>’ Goal, Method, & PlanIII.Method:Example from mathematicsIntuition and DeductionRules of MethodIII. Methodic DoubtReversal doubtCogito and the selfV. The Existence of GodVI.VII.VIII.The Existence of ThingsMind and BodyOther Models8
I. I. The Search for Intellectual Certainty:1. Jesuit college of La Fleche. <strong>Descartes</strong> with problem of intellectual certainty.Attending one of the most celebrates school in Europe, yet he “found myselfembarrassed with … many doubts and errors.”2. Ancient literature stimulated the mind but could not guide behavior.3. Though he honored theology and seemed to remain a pious Catholic to theend, he did not find in theology a method by which these truths could bearrived at solely through the power of reason.4. In philosophy, “no single things is to be found in it which is not subject ofdispute, and in consequence which is not dubious.”5. In practical life by means of traveling, “the great book of the world,” he metmen of diverse temperaments and conditions” and collected variousexperiences.” Among men of the world, he hoped to discover more exactmeaning in practical life. But, he found as much difference of opinion amongpractical people as among philosophers.9
Page 1 and 2: ReneDescartes1596-1650Caravaggio,
Page 3 and 4: Rene Descartes(1596-1650):When our
Page 5 and 6: I. Background:Educated at a Jesuit
Page 7: I. Background:1644 Descartes publis
Page 11 and 12: II. Descartes’ Goal:Lay the found
Page 13 and 14: Method: The Need for the Meditation
Page 15 and 16: Descartes’ Method:Knowledge Requi
Page 17 and 18: II. Descartes’ Plan:His ideal was
Page 19 and 20: C. Induction & Deduction:Descartes
Page 21 and 22: D. Rules of Method:Descartes’ met
Page 23 and 24: II.Descartes’ Method:Looking for
Page 25 and 26: Little emphasis on on sense experie
Page 27 and 28: First Meditation: Arguments forDoub
Page 29 and 30: Grounds of Doubt: First Meditation:
Page 31 and 32: III. Method:Method: It is a radical
Page 33 and 34: Consider the following statements b
Page 35 and 36: First Meditation:Withholding Policy
Page 37 and 38: V. The Order of Systematic Attack:C
Page 39 and 40: Objectors (2, 3, and 4 are the most
Page 41 and 42: 1. Doubting Sense Perception:Someti
Page 43 and 44: 2. Dreaming:Another ground of doubt
Page 45 and 46: 2. Dreaming:No inspection of the co
Page 47 and 48: 4. The Evil Deceiver:Can we be sure
Page 49 and 50: 4. Evil Demon:Because of the evilde
Page 51 and 52: Consider the following statements b
Page 53 and 54: Meditation 2 Outline: Cogito: The N
Page 55 and 56: Descartes’ Reasoning:Descartes th
Page 57 and 58: What Descartes Establishes:Descarte
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Meditation 2: Cogito:The Cogito:
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Meditation 2: Problems with CogitoP
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2 ndndnd nd Meditation : : He disca
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The Wax Passage:Transparency of the
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Wax Wax Example Establishes Three P
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Consider this important statement:
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Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only
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Third Meditation: Descartes writes
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Meditation 3: 3: SUMMARY OF INTRODU
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Criterion of Certainty:At the begin
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Third Meditation: What does “clea
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Third Meditation: What does “Natu
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Third Meditation: 3 Types of Ideas
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Objective & Formal Reality:Meditati
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Objective and Formal Reality:Object
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Formal and Objective Reality:Everyt
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More RealityThe reason why are infi
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Scholastic GreatChain of Being:1. V
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2 nd Causal Argument for God’s ex
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The Cartesian Circle:I am sure Gode
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Descartes Response to Arnauld regar
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Cartesian Circle:According to Dr. S
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Third Meditation: Only Ideas Called
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First & Second Meditation:Withholdi
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Descartes: Mind-Body Problem:Descar
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The Mind is is a Substance: A subst
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Descartes' Knowledge-set at end of
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Fourth Meditation: God is not a Dec
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Fourth Meditation: God is not a Dec
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God guarantees the truth of of all
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This takes us back to Cartesian Cir
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Meditation 4: The Possession of Fre
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A. Considers what properties we can
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C. 3 Objections to Ontological Argu
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D. The Role of God in making Knowle
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Descartes' Knowledge-set in Meditat
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Meditation 6: The Problem ofExisten
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AB. The Evidence for the existence
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B. The Evidence for the existence o
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Mind is really distinct from body:I
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First Argument for Distinction ofMi
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First Argument for Mind-BodyDistinc
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Sense Impressions from BodilyObject
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Do our senses tell us the truth abo
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What is the relation of Mind and Bo
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Mind-Body Interaction:Changes in th
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Descartes’ Difficulty with Intera
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Historical Solutions to the Mind-Bo
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Descartes' Belief -Set:Believe only
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Various Objections:If we can’t be
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Rene Descartes 1596-1650 Rene Descartes 1596-1650

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