Boreskov

OP‐33Taxonomic structure (alpha diversity) testifies on the high degree of endemism of allcommunities. All of the communities could be examined as the very high rank biokhories.Furthermore the communities are characterized by the ecological structure, which reflectedthe adaptation to some specific adaptive zone. Five morphotypes of cephalopod shells (lifeforms) can be recognized in Famenian taxocenosis independently from their taxonomicpositions. Their similarity reflected their adaptation to the same adaptive zone and niches.In different regions the proportions of morphotypes (or ecological structure) werevarious and were not coincided with taxonomic diversity.The special features of the ecological structure of the communities reflect thedistribution and taxonomic content of the basic adaptive zones in basins of different regions.By this parameter the communities of Poland as the associations of central Devonian fieldare characterized by the similar balanced ecological structure whereas the systematiccomposition of genera is very differ. The South Urals and the Poland communities have mostgenera similarity, which is not explained by geographical proximity and migrations, but bysimilarity in the ecological structure. It is caused by similar area and landscape features inthe distribution of the main adaptive and oceanographic zones of these basins. WestKazakhstan taxocenosis is more similar to distant Poland community than to close SouthUrals community. It could be explained by different ecological environment. The SouthKazakhstan community is differed from all studied communities both taxonomically andecologically. This is evidence of the unique distribution of adaptive zones in this region, ofthe independent origin this community, and of the probable belonging to separate and themore cold‐water basins than in other regions.87