Boreskov

OP‐39SCIENTIFIC SURVEY ON LAKE BAIKAL – AS AN EXAMPLE TO STUDY ANDDEMONSTRATE THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTIONЕ OF LIFE ON THE EARTHRussinek O., Fialkov V.Baikal Museum of Irkutsk Scientific Center,1, Akademicheskaya St., Listvyanka, Russian FederationLake Baikal is one of the most ancient water reservoirs of our planet, but as comparedwith beginnings of the primary living matter on our planer the lake is relatively young.A new exposition «Evolution of life during abiotic changes on the Earth» is created isbeing developed at the Baikal Museum. It includes the materials devoted to studies of theorigin and evolution of the Universe, Solar system, and our planet. The evolution of life onour planet is demonstrated as a result of the changes occurring on the Earth. In thisexposition the more emphasis is given to the origin of Lake Baikal, its biota resulting fromlocal and global changes. The distribution of this knowledge amongst various groups ofpeople is extremely important from the viewpoint of extending natural‐scientific knowledgeand a correct understanding of the processes occurring in the nature, increase of standard ofculture of the population. People should know what processes were responsible for theorigin of Lake Baikal or another natural site as well as the time of the origin and evolution ofthis or that natural site. We believe that it should affect the careful attitude to the nature,rational use of natural resources, perfection of "know‐how" technologies. In the monograph«The Baikal Go» (scientific excursion across Baikal) the lake is considered as a uniformnatural object [1].Lake Baikal is a unique object in which geological evolution of the earth and evolution ofclimate are reflected, and where endemic flora and fauna are represented in their diversity.The latter were formed in this area as a result of comparatively long isolation. Lake Baikal isone of the well‐studied water bodies on the planet. Therefore, it is necessary to use data onnature of Lake Baikal in the educational process at biological, geological, geographical andother departments for demonstration of natural processes and as an example of studies ofnatural phenomena. It is proposed to prepare and introduce a curriculum (training course) atnatural‐science departments of universities. The aim of this course is to acquire theoreticaland methodological fundamentals on complex studies of natural objects. This course may be98