Boreskov

OP‐34MICROEVOLUTIONARY PROCESSES IN THE THERMAL POPULATIONSOF HYDROBIONTS SUBARCTIC REGIONBolotov I.N., Bespalaya Y.V., Kolosova Y.S.Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences,Arkhangelsk, RussiaInstitute of Ecological Problems of the North, Ural Division, Russian Academy of SciencesReview of literature and original data on the structure of hydrothermal communities inNorthern Eurasia and Iceland showed that the greatest biological progress in hydrothermalsystems reach taxa, whose formation was going on the way to adapt to the development ofextreme environments (Friberg et al., 2009; Woodward et al., 2010; Demars et al., 2011).Above all, this small ponds and flooded organic substrates, in which low levels of oxygen,increased concentrations of organic and mineral substances, and not uncommon in thesummer heating up to high temperatures, even at high latitudes. Therefore, the fauna of thehydrothermal systems of the Subarctic and Arctic initially be regarded as allochthonous andmigration, formed of representatives of different taxa set of pre‐adaptation to thedevelopment of hydrothermal vents, was originally purchased outside the thermal anomaly.Hydrothermal vents with their constant temperature and hydrochemical regime, judging bythe high‐density populations of individual taxa, represent a more favorable habitat for themin comparison with the zonal variations. The various high‐latitude hydrotherms formedsimilar benthic communities, which include those on the abundance and biomass dominatecertain types of gastropods (family Lymnaeidae and Planorbidae) (Biota, ... 2009; Tahteev,Sitnikova , 2009 ). In populations of molluscs and insects that inhabit hydrotherms, havedeveloped and consolidated a range of additional physiological and biochemical adaptationsthat allow them to successfully live in high temperature conditions (Berezkina, Starobogatov,1988; Khmeleva et al.. 1985; Angiletta , 2009; Garbuz et al., 2008). Meanwhile, the brevity ofthe existence of hydrotherms in geological time scales, their evolutionary "ephemeral", ledto low levels of endemism of their fauna, linked primarily to the intraspecific taxa andspecies level. The systematic status of many of these forms is not completely clear, sincepopulations of different species and intraspecific systematic categories of molluscs,populating the inhabitation terms can independently acquire similar morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics, ie have convergent similarity. Thermal88