58 AUSTRALIAN DEFENCE FORCE JOURNAL NO. 10" JULY/AUGUST <strong>1994</strong>If the tests were successful, she was then under ordersto pass along the eastern coast of Bali and proceedoutward bound for operations off Darwin and northwestAustralia. Japanese units were again alerted tothe presence of a friendly submarine. Five daysbefore departure, the Surabaya Guard <strong>Force</strong> providedcomplete details of U 537's program after leavingport. The message included the following lines:"10th 0800 in 7-12°S 115-17°E wherediving tests will be carried out for 10 mileson course 156 degrees."' 7Unknown to her crew, U 537's fate had thus beensealed even before the U-boat sailed. In Darwin on6 November, the US submarines Flounder, Guavinaand Bashaw received patrol orders that organisedthem into a coordinated search and attack group.Commander J Stevens. Commanding Officer ofFlounder, was the senior officer. The following day.all three boats departed for their allocated areas. Onthe morning of 10 November. Commander Stevensordered the submarine to submerge in a position northof Lombok Strait. The Flounder's patrol report completesthe story:"0754 Officer of the deck sighted what appearedto be a small sailboat bearing 347° (T).distance about 9,(XX) yards.0809 Target was identified as a German submarinemaking 12 knots.0826 Fired four stern tubes. Track angle 90°starboard, range 1.000 yards, gyro anglesvery small. Torpedoes were set to run at8 feet.0827 Observed hit about 40 feet inside the bow.There was a tremendous explosion and thewhole target was obscured by smoke andflame." I8The sinking took only 20 seconds and had occurredone mile from the advised position. There were nosurvivors from U 537's crew of 58. Flounder went onto sink one other ship on this patrol, eventually securinein Fremantle on 13 December.U862After arrival in the Far East, U 862 had spent sevenweeks undergoing refit in Singapore and 10 days inDjakarta, allowing the crew time for a short period ofrecuperation in the mountains. With all in readiness.Korvettenkapitiin Timm finally began U 862's secondwar cruise on 18 November, unaware of the loss ofU 537. Expecting the other U-boats to be operating inthe west. Timm instead planned to take his boat alongthe shipping routes to the south and cast of Australia.Fortune was with U 862 and for a change insufficientdeparture details were available for allied submarinesto arrange an intercept.Reaching Cape Leeuwin on 28 November. Timmturned his boat east to try to intercept shipping in theGreat <strong>Australian</strong> Bight. For a week. Timm conducteda fruitless search, eventually suspecting that traffichad been warned and directed away from the normalroutes. U 862 then moved towards the Spencer Gulfhoping to have more success around the focal area ofAdelaide.On 9 December, the Greek steamship Illisos wassighted off Cape Jaffa, 130 miles southeast ofAdelaide. Detecting the ship too late for a submergedtorpedo attack. Timm instead surfaced and orderedhis 10.5 cm deck gun into action. In the rough seasprevailing, accurate fire could not be maintained andas Illisos was also returning fire. Timm soon decidedto break off the attack.On being advised of the incident. NOIC Port Melbourneordered two <strong>Australian</strong> corvettes in the vicinity.Burnie and Maryborough, to search for the U-boat.The corvettes found nothing on their own ASDIC, butwere counter-detected by U 862's hydrophones. Timmsurfaced, but in poor visibility could not identify thewarships and since the worsening seas prevented atorpedo attack, decided instead to run south at highspeed.No doubt remembering the mine-laying exploits ofGerman surface raiders in 1940 and suspecting thatU 862 might attempt the same. Bumie. Maryboroughand HMAS Lismore were then ordered to sweep theshipping routes in Bass Strait. With the reduction inthe Japanese threat, the local convoy system aroundAustralia had ceased in February 1944, but other safetymeasures were now reintroduced. These measuresincluded routing all shipping, except local traffic,south of Tasmania and ordering ships in southern<strong>Australian</strong> waters to zigzag and darken ship at night."Timm had meanwhile moved to a position south ofTasmania where U 862 came across a tanker on acourse for New Zealand. The target was movingquickly and the U-boat again surfaced to try to moveinto an attack position. With night and heavy rainmaking the approach more difficult, the attack wasfinally thwarted by the appearance of an aircraft that,apparently mistaking the U-boat for the tanker,attempted to exchange recognition signals. U 862crash-dived and waited, but the expected counterattacknever came.U 862 then turned north and while passing east ofBass Strait, heard on hydrophones what sounded like
AN AUSTRALIAN PAUKENSCHLAG? 59a large undefended group of ships moving at highspeed. It was this detection that inspired Timm to penhis comments about an <strong>Australian</strong> Paukenschlag.Only one ship was actually sighted, but it was too faraway for U 862 to reach a firing position. With noother U-boats in the area to assist the opportunity theattack was lost.The U-boat continued moving up the coast and onChristmas Eve caught up with the American Libertyship Robert J Walker off Moruya. The attack began at0255 on Christmas Day and continued for more thanthree hours. The Libertv ships were well sub-dividedand five torpedoes were eventually needed to ensurethe ship was finished. At least two of the torpedoesran slow, one so slow that it was destroyed by gunfirefrom the freighter before it could hit.The first RAAF aircraft arrived in the area ten minutesafter the last torpedo exploded, beginning a massivesearch that would last for over two weeks. Alsoincluded were several RAN and USN warships fromSydney and the Royal Navy"s 4th Destroyer Flotilla,that put to sea immediately from Melbourne. It was tobe the largest and longest submarine hunt ever conductedoff Australia. The searches were all negativeand though some attacks were made on suspiciousobjects. U 862 managed to keep well clear. HMASQuickmatch recovered the 68 survivors of Robert JWalker on 26 December, two men having been lostduring the attack.Deciding that, for the moment, he had causedenough commotion off New South Wales. Timmheaded off undetected towards New Zealand. On theway, another freighter was sighted. A good attackposition was reached, but again Timm was let downby a faulty torpedo. Attempting to conserve his stocks.only one was fired and this detonated prematurely300 m from the U-boat. The freighter escaped undamaged.Crossing the Tasman Sea. U 862 then sailedaround North Cape and down the east coast of NewZealand. At times Timm brought the U-boat veryclose to the coast, close enough to Gisborne andNapier to see cars on the streets and to hear musicfrom the cafes. The shipping though, was disappointing,several coastal vessels were seen but not theexpected concentration of larger ships. Only one submergedattack on a small freighter was made. Despitethe ship showing full peacetime lighting. Timm missedthe shot. New Zealand was left undisturbed, withthe population completely unaware of U 862's visit.U862 departing Norway on the Voyage to Penang.Photo courtesy of U-Boat Archiv